I-cactus enhle encane - i-sulcorebutia. Incazelo, izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya nangaphandle
ISulcorebutia icactus encane, enhle futhi eqhakaza kalula. Iqoqo elikhulu lezitshalo lingabekwa kalula efasiteleni elijwayelekile.
Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ze-sulcorebutia bese sikutshela ngemithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekela isitshalo ekhaya. Sizochaza ukuthi singayisabalalisa kanjani kahle le cactus encane ngezimbewu namahlumela asemaceleni. Sizokukhombisa nokuthi yiziphi izifo nezinambuzane ezingaba yingozi kulokhu okumnandi.
Incazelo ye-Botanical kanye ne-geography yendawo yokuhlala
Uhlobo lweSulkorebutia luhlanganisa i-cacti nomjikelezo oyisici noma umumo omncane oyindilinga. Iphuzu lalezi zitshalo lihlale liyisicaba. ISulcorebutia iyi-cactus encane yaseBolivia... Iningi lalezi zinhlobo zitholakala esifundazweni saseCochabamba. Imvamisa, le cactus ikhula ngaphansi kwesembozo sezinye izitshalo - utshani nezihlahlana ze-xerophytic.
I-Sulcorebutia ikhula kancane, iziqu zayo eziyindilinga, zizodwa ekuqaleni, zakha izinqubo eziningi ngobudala. I-cactus inezinsipho eziqinile, ezinde futhi ezicindezelekile emzimbeni we-areola, nge-groove emfushane esukela kuzo.
Umbala wesiqu ungahluka kusuka kumithunzi eluhlaza kanye namathoni ansundu ansundu. Uhlelo lwempande lwe-sulcorebution lunamandla futhi lujiyile... Izimbali ziyahlukahluka, zihlala zinempilo kakhulu, zivela phezulu kwesiqu futhi zivame ukwakha umqhele okhangayo. Izithelo ze-sulcorebutia amajikijolo, amamilimitha ambalwa ngosayizi.
Ummeleli wokuqala wohlanga wachazwa ngu-E. Verderman ngo-1931.
Izinhlobo ezidumile nezinhlobonhlobo ze-sulcorebutia
Isi-Rauscha (Rauschii)
Lolu hlobo lwatholakala eziqongweni zezintaba zaseBolivia ngungcweti wase-Austrian cactus uV. Rausch waqanjwa ngaye.
Isitshalo esine-bluish-lilac noma isiqu se-ruby esibhemayo, phezulu kwaso kuyisicaba. Isiqu sigcwele inani elikhulu lamahlumela asemaceleni, angekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amathathu ububanzi. Izimbambo eziyishumi nesithupha zomoya ohlukanisiwe zihlukaniswe zaba ama-tubercles ayisicaba. Ama-areole ayindilinga, anenkathi yokufiphaza emfushane. Imiqolo mincane, imnyama, i-radial, ifana nozipho, iyabambelela, ayikho ngaphezu kuka-20 mm ubude. Awekho ameva aphakathi nendawo (kukhona ama-cacti ngaphandle kwameva?). Izimbali cishe zingamasentimitha amathathu ububanzi, nsundu ngokubomvana, zinesikhungo esimhlophe. Ama-inflorescence ayizigaxa, i-corolla yembali ivulekile kakhulu.
I-Caniguerali (Canigueralii)
Umhlobo lo uqanjwe ngomphristi waseBolivia uJuan Cagnigueral... Ukukhula kancane, umbala oguquguqukayo wezimbali nameva. Ama-cactus amancane akha amaqembu anamakhanda amaningi.
Isiqu asikho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amathathu ukuphakama futhi asikho ngaphezu kwesihlanu ububanzi, sinesiqongo esicindezelekile nombala kusuka kokuluhlaza okukhanyayo kuya kokunsomi okumnyama. Izimbambo zesitshalo zinesifo sofuba, zivulekile. Ama-areole mancane, amhlophe nge-pubescence. I-areola ngayinye inezinhlayiya ezishisayo, ezimise okwe-bristle eziyi-11-14. Imijondolo emaphakathi ivame ukungabi bikho, noma, uma ikhona, ingabi ngaphezu kwamabili. Izimbali zivulekile, zimise okwefaneli, zinemibala ehlukahlukene kusuka kolintshi kuya kobunsomi obumnyama, ziphuma ezinhlakeni ezingezansi.
I-Arenacea
Elinye igama liyisihlabathi. Isitshalo esinesiqu esisodwa, isimo esicindezelwe-esiyindilinga... Umbala unombala oluhlaza okotshani, ubukhulu bungafika ku-3 cm ubude futhi bufinyelela ku-6 cm ububanzi. Isiqongo sicindezelekile. Inezimbambo ezingaba ngamashumi amathathu ezinezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ama-Areoles ahlanganisiwe, aphuzi-mpunga, ngayinye inezinsipho ezi-14-16 ezincanyana, ezigobile, kwesinye isikhathi ezididekile. Izimbali ziphuzi, zifinyelela kumasentimitha amathathu ububanzi.
ULangeri
Uhlobo olunesiqu esimpunga ngokuluhlaza okotshani, olunezimbambo ezihlukaniswe ngama-tubercles ane-areoles ansundu, ngayinye yazo ine-21-25 bristly, spines efana nekama. Izimbali zimiswe okwefaneli, zifinyelela ku-4 cm ububanzi, zinamacembe amaningi aphuzi aphuzi.
Juckeri
Isitshalo esinesiqu esikhula ngamasentimitha ayishumi ububanzi namasentimitha amahlanu ukuphakama... Ama-tubercles aphuma phambili. I-Areoles incane, ifinyelela ku-6mm ubude futhi icishe ibe yi-1 mm ububanzi, inezinsipho ezinamandla nezinde ezinombala wotshani, egobe kancane phezulu. Izimbali ezinamacembe abomvu, ziphuzi endaweni yomphimbo (ungafunda nge-cacti ebomvu lapha).
I-Steibach (Steinbachii)
I-bushy encane kakhulu eyenza amakhushini amakhulu. Isiqu esinama-epidermis aluhlaza, sihlukaniswe saba amashubhu ayizicaba, ama-oblong. Ama-areole avulekile, azwakala. I-areola ngayinye inezinsipho eziqinile eziyisishiyagalombili ezimnyama, isentimitha elilodwa ubude. Izinsika eziphakathi nendawo, ezingaba kusuka kokunye kuya kwezintathu, zimpunga, nethiphu elimnyama, elifinyelela kusentimitha elilodwa ubude. I-cactus inezimpande ezinkulu, zethiphu. Izimbali zimiswe okwefaneli, zifika ku-4 cm ubude nobubanzi. Umbala uyehluka, kusuka ku-raspberry kuya ku-orange.
Okugoqiwe (i-Crispate)
Ebizwa nangokuthi i-curly noma i-crisp. Isiqu esiyindilinga, ububanzi obungamasentimitha amabili, simbozwe ngamabhubhu ayindilinga. Izindonga zemisipha enesigaxa esihlangana nesiqu, ziminyene, zinde, zikhanyayo ngombala. Izimbali zibomvana, zingaba ngu-4 cm ububanzi (mayelana ne-cacti enezimbali ezibomvana kuchazwe lapha).
Unakekelwa kanjani ekhaya?
- Ithempelesha... Entwasahlobo nasehlobo le-sulcorebutia, ithempelesha ejwayelekile yekamelo ngama-20-25 degrees. Uma kunokwenzeka, kuyadingeka ukuhlela umehluko phakathi kwamazinga okushisa emini nasebusuku. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo kufanele sigcinwe emazingeni okushisa angekho ngaphezu kwama-degree ayi-10. Iyakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa esifushane uma sibekwe enhlabathini eyomile.
- Ukunisela... Ngokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula nokuvuvukala kwamafihlekile, i-sulcorebution idinga ukuchelela okujwayelekile, lapho kungekho khona ama-buds azoma. Maphakathi nehlobo, ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe, ukuwasebenzisa njengoba inhlabathi isoma. Ngokufika kwekwindla, ukuchelela kuphinde kwandiswe isikhashana bese kwehliswa kwaba zero ekuqaleni kobusika.
- Shine... Lesi sitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okuningana, lapho sinwebeka khona futhi siyeke ukuqhakaza.
Ukukhanyisa okunamandla kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze ukwakheka okungokwemvelo kweziqu, umbala we-epidermis futhi kukhuthaze izimbali eziningi nokuthuthuka okujwayelekile kwameva.
- Ukuncoma... Nge-sulcorebution, ungathenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo eyenziwe esitolo, leyo esetshenziselwa iziphuzo efanelekile, uma uzilungiselela i-substrate ngokwakho, kufanele ibe nomhlaba onamaqabunga kanye ne-peat ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo ngokuhlanganiswa kwama-chip amatshe - afinyelela ku-40%.
- Ukusika... Ngesitshalo esikhule kakhulu, ukwakheka kungenziwa ngokuhlukanisa ukusika. I-Sulcorebutia inyusa ivolumu yayo ngenxa yokuthuthukisa ngenkuthalo amahlumela we-lateral.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu... Zondliwa njalo ngenyanga ngamanyolo owenziwe ngomumo we-cacti kanye neziphuzo ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium, i-potassium ne-phosphorus. Umanyolo kufanele uhlanjululwe ufike kwesigamu somthamo onconywayo bese usetshenziswa entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Ngesikhathi sokuphumula, ukondla kukhishiwe.
- Imbiza... Imbiza ye-sulcorebution idinga ebanzi futhi engajulile, enezimbobo zokuhambisa amanzi.
- Dlulisa:
Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa kabusha njengoba zikhula, kuthi ezindala zitshalwe njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
- Inqubo yokufakelwa kabusha yenziwa entwasahlobo noma ukuwa ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
- Isitshalo sisuswa enhlabathini endala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ibhola lobumba lome.
- Kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhamba, i-cactus itshalwa kabusha esitsheni esisha, inhlabathi nayo okumele yomile.
- Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, lesi sitshalo sibekwa endaweni enomthunzi futhi ukuchelela kokuqala kwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kwesonto.
- Ubusika... I-Sulcorebutia kufanele i-overwinter ekushiseni kwama-6-10 degrees, cishe ngaphandle kokuchelela. Iphuzu elibalulekile lesitshalo ukuqala kokukhula ngemuva kwesikhathi sokulala. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-buds abekiwe. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uvimbele lezi zinqubo ngamazinga okushisa aphansi nangokomisa kuze kufike ukushisa okungaguquki nokwanda kwamahora emini okungenani amahora ayi-13.
Abathandi be-cacti bangathanda izinto mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-cacti: I-Gymnocalycium, i-Opuntia, iPereskia, i-Ripsalidopsis, i-Ripsalis, i-Hatiora, i-Cereus, i-Epiphyllum, i-Echinocactus, i-Ailoster, i-Ariocactus.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwangaphandle
- Enkundleni evulekile, i-sulcorebution kufanele ibekwe endaweni enelanga.
- Ukufika kufanele kuvikelwe emimoyeni esenyakatho.
- Njalo ngonyaka, inhlabathi engaphansi kwe-cacti kufanele ishintshwe, okungenani ingxenye, futhi lonke ukhula kufanele lususwe ngokucophelela.
- Ukunisela kwenziwa uma kwenzeka kungabikho imvula isikhathi eside. Amanzi kufanele athambile, hhayi avela emthonjeni.
- Gunda ngokucophelela utshani obuzungeze idlelo le-cactus.
- Uma izinga lokushisa lehlela emazingeni ayishumi, i-cactus imbiwa idluliselwe ubusika endlini.
Ukusakazwa ngembewu kanye namahlumela ohlangothini
- Imbewu:
- Ngokuhlwanyela imbewu, udinga ukukhetha iziqukathi ezibanzi ezibanzi.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu ifakwa usuku lonke kusixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate.
- Imbewu ihlakazekile phezu kwenhlabathi bese uthambisa kancane i-substrate.
- Isitsha simboziwe futhi sishiywe endaweni ekhanyayo ezingeni lokushisa lama-15-20 degrees.
- Ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela avele, udinga ukulinda kuze kufike ubude be-stem yabo ku-2 cm, kusukela kulowo mzuzu bangatshalwa ezimbizeni ezincane.
Amahlumela asemaceleni... Njengoba ikhula, i-sulcorebutia ikhiqiza "izingane" eziningi.
- Amahlumela wesikhashana ahlukaniswa ngokwenza ukunyakaza okuncane kokujija ngesandla. Ngenqubo, qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka amagilavu ukuze ungalimazi isikhumba ngameva.
- Izinto zokutshala ezivelayo zifakwa ku-substrate eyomile ye-cacti.
- Lesi sitshalo kufanele sigxile emhlabathini owomile, ngemuva kwalokhu, baqala ukunisela i-sulcorebution ngesirinji noma i-pipette.
Ukukhiqizwa kwangaphandle
- Izitshalo ezivuthiwe kuphela, ezivuthiwe ezilungele ukuthuthela emhlabathini ovulekile.
- Ungafakela i-sulcorebution etshalwe engadini ehlobo, kepha akunconywa ukuthi usike izimpande engadini ngokushesha.
- Ekuqaleni kwempilo ezimele, ama-cuttings adinga ukubamba iqhaza ezitsheni ezincane.
Izifo nezinambuzane
- Njengawo wonke ama-cacti, ama-sulcorebutia abola ngemisele ehleleke ngokungafanele nomswakama omile.
- Isiqu esihlanganisiwe sesitshalo sikhombisa ukukhanya okunganele.
- Uma i-cactus ivezwa ilanga ngqo isikhathi eside, ingashiswa.
- Isicabucabu esibomvu siyingozi ku-sulcorebution. Lesi silokazane kunzima ukusibona ngamehlo; sithola ubukhona baso ngokuvela kwamachashazi alula esiqwini sesiqu. Ngokuqongelela okukhulu kwama-parasites, ungabona ubulembu obumboza isitshalo.
Izinambuzane zibhujiswa ngosizo lwamalungiselelo okubulala izinambuzane.
Izimbali ezifanayo
Ngaphandle, iSulcorebutia iyafana ne-:
- I-Rebutia (ungafunda kabanzi ngezinhlobo zeRebutia lapha);
- ILobivia;
- I-Echinopsis;
- Mammillaria;
- I-Astrophytum.
Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwabo okude futhi okusabalele njengesitshalo sendlu, i-cacti ayisoze yaba izakhamizi ezijwayelekile zendlu. Ngokuqondene, abalimi bathi awekho ama-sulcorebutias amabili afanayo emhlabeniNgakho-ke, ungamisa ngokuphepha ukukhetha kwakho kulesi sitshalo, uma ufisa, thola into yokuqala yangaphakathi yangaphakathi.