Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-hibiscus eziyisihlahla: izithombe nokunakekelwa kwezitshalo engadini. Ungakhula kanjani i-bonsai?

I-Hibiscus iyisiko le-thermophilic tropical (subtropical) elisuka emndenini waseMalvovaceae. Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-200 ziyaziwa yisayensi.

Imithombo egunyazayo, ngokwesibonelo, iGreat Russian Encyclopedia, ikhuluma ngezinhlobo ezingama-300 zalo mndeni wokuhlobisa. Kepha ensimini yaseRussia nasezifundeni ezingomakhelwane, izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezitshalo kuphela ezisakazekile.

Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda ukuthi iziphi izinhlobo zezihlahla ze-hibiscus ezikhona nokuthi ungasinakekela kanjani lesi sitshalo esihle.

Izinhlobo zesiko elifana nesihlahla nesithombe

Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamasiko athanda umswakama, izinhlobo ezimbili zaziwa njengezinhlobo ezinjengezihlahla:

1. I-hibiscus yaseSyria;
2. i-hibiscus ephezulu.

Abalimi bezingadi bagxile kwi-hibiscus yaseSyria, njengoba iguquguquka ngokubekezelela ngangokunokwenzeka ezimweni zesimo sezulu esipholile sezwekazi. Yini okungashiwo nge-hibiscus ende. Udinga isimo sezulu esishisayo esishisayo.

Yini okufanele kube ukugcinwa kwesiko esivandeni?

Ezizeni zensimu, ungabona kaningi umuthi omncane onesiqu esingenalutho kanye nomqhele oyindilinga. Ukuphakama kwayo kufinyelela kumamitha ama-2-3 uma isitshalo sikhula ezimeni zemvelo. Ukunakekelwa kwesihlahla kufaka izici eziningana zezinyathelo ze-agronomic.

Ukunisela

Ngenkathi efudumele, inhlabathi iyamanziswa njalo njengoba isoma. Kepha kuyadingeka ukwenza ngendlela enengqondo, ukuze kungabikho ukungajami kwamanzi. Ukunisela ngokweqile kuthinta kabi uhlelo lwempandeukuyiqeda. Ngesikhathi esishisa kakhulu, isihlahla siniselwa nsuku zonke. Zonke izinkinga zokunisela zivela eziqhakeni zezimbali noma efihlekile: ziqala ukuwa.

Amanzi okunisela kufanele athambile, i.e. ngokuqukethwe kasawoti okuphansi. Ukuthambisa kungatholakala ngokungeza umlotha wesoda noma umcako oslayishiwe emanzini. Uma isihlahla sitshalwe ebhodweni elikhulu, khona-ke amaqabunga afuthwa ngokwengeziwe ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa.

Shine

Ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okusebenzayo, isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okufanelekile.

Uhlangothi olunelanga (eningizimu) lwefulethi noma isiza sengadi lufaneleka kakhudlwana ekwakhiweni kwesiko laseningizimu-mpumalanga.

Ukuncoma

Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi "iSyria" ikhula enhlabathini enesihlabathi esilula futhi engena phezulu. Inhlabathi enjalo:

• kugcina kangcono izakhi zomzimba;
• ifudumeza ngokushesha futhi igcine ukushisa isikhathi eside;
• i-aerated kahle;
• akujwayele ukwakheka kwesigaxa.

Ukuqoqwa okuphawulekayo kwe-humus kunomthelela omuhle ekukhuleni kwezitshalo... Ukusabela kwenhlabathi akuthathi hlangothi, kune-alikhali encane.

Ukuthena

Ukuthenwa kwesitshalo se-thermophilic kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Kuvusa ukwakheka kwamahlumela amasha amancane futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izimbali. Izinyathelo ze-Agronomic zifaka phakathi ukususwa kwe:

• konakele;
• uyagula;
• amagatsha amadala omile noma akhula ngokungajwayelekile.

Ukusika kwenza kube lula ukunika umqhele umumo othile.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Imiphumela emihle ikhonjiswe ngamanyolo wamaminerali wemvelo engaphili:

1. i-phosphoric;
2. i-nitrogen;
3. potash.

Ukushintshaniswa kukamanyolo wamaminerali kanye nokwemvelo nakho kuzuzisa isitshalo.... Ukufafaza kuyenziwa:

• Izikhathi eziyi-1-2 ngenyanga ebusika nasekwindla sekwephuzile;
• Kanye ngesonto - entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

Ukunakekelwa kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukugqoka akungeni ezimbalini. Kuyadingeka ukunisela umhlabathi kuphela.

Imbiza

Ngokwethiyori, ivolumu yembiza yezimbali kufanele iphindwe kabili yevolumu yohlelo lwempande. Kulezo zimo kuphela isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nesimo sizoqhubeka kahle, futhi ukusika ngeke kufe ngokufakelwa kabusha.

Ngokukhulisa i-hibiscus yensimu, imbiza eyenziwe nge:

• amapulasitiki;
• izinto zobumba;
• insimbi;
• ukhuni;
• ingilazi.

Into esemqoka ukuthi phansi kugcwele imbobo, okungukuthi, inezimbobo zamanzi asezingeni lamanzi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kudingeka izinto zokuhambisa amanzi (itshe elichotshoziwe, i-gravel, amatshe amancane, izitini eziphukile, njll.), Okuzoqeda ukuminyana kwamanzi ngokweqile kwenhlabathi.

Dlulisa

Isidingo senqubo siba khona lapho isihlahla "sesiphumile" ebhodweni. Ukuthuthuka kwezimpande kuyama noma kubambezela kakhulu. Kulokhu, isitshalo esithanda ukushisa sitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile noma embizeni enkulu yezimbali.

Uma uhlela ukugxila kumqhele onamagatsha amaningi, ibhodwe elinamandla liyadingeka, lapho izimpande zizoba banzi khona. Isitsha sembali esincane sisetshenziswa lapho kudingeka izimbali eziningi.

1. Ukufakelwa kuqala lapho inhlabathi ifudumala ize ifike ku-15 degrees Celsius, futhi umoya okungenani ungama-22 degrees Celsius.
2. Umgodi wokufika ulungiselelwe ngaphambilini:
   • Izinto zokuhambisa amanzi zibekwa phansi ngobukhulu obungamasentimitha ayi-15, bese isihlabathi sithelwa cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-10 ubukhulu.
   • Okulandelayo umquba ngamasentimitha ayi-15 ubukhulu, ngemuva kwalokho isihlahla sifakwa emgodini futhi simbozwe ngomhlabathi oxutshwe ne-peat nesihlabathi ngokwesilinganiso esingu-2: 1: 2.

   Uma inhlabathi yayinomsuka wensimbi, khona-ke isihlabathi singakhishwa ekwakhiweni kwenhlabathi.

3. Kuyadingeka ukufafaza isitshalo ukuze ikhola lempande limbozwe kancane ngomhlaba.
4. Ngemuva kokuphela kwenqubo, i-hibiscus iniselwa kakhulu ngamanzi.

Ubusika

Lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo, i-rose laseSyria livikelekile eqhweni. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma umuthi omncane ukhula ekotishi lasehlobo. Isitshalo esidala sikubekezelela kalula ukubanda.

1. Esikhathini esedlule, ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi, i-hibiscus iyaniselwa futhi iyakhishwa, kuthi ngoNovemba amagatsha atshekiselwe phansi.
2. Into ye-bio imbozwe ngezinto zokwenziwa ezingalukanga.
3. Ukuthembeka okukhulu, enye ingubo ibekwa ngaphezulu, isibonelo, i-polyethylene.
4. Isakhiwo sonke simbozwe ngotshani obomile, amagatsha e-spruce, njll.

Ungayikhulisa kanjani i-Ornamental Bonsai?

Ngokuvamile, ama-bonsai atshalwa kusuka ku-Cooper's hibiscus noma amacembe ahlukanisiwe.

1. Esitshalweni, thatha inhlanganisela yenhlabathi equkethe ubumba, i-humus ne-gravel (3: 5: 2).
2. Isitsha esincane sibekwa egumbini lapho ukukhanya kukhanya kakhulu.
3. Isitshalo esivela kabili ngonyaka siyabandakanyeka ekuthenweni. Ngasikhathi sinye, lawo magatsha agcwele kakhulu amaqabunga noma izimbali awathintwa. Ukuthenwa amahlumela ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kunconywa ukuthi kwenziwe eduze ngangokunokwenzeka engxenyeni enesitshalo.
4. Ukukhethwa kwembiza kuyimfuneko ebalulekile yokukhula kwezitshalo. Esikhathini esiningi, abalimi bakhetha amafomu azinzile ezihlahleni ezithambekele. Izitsha ezibanzi, ezingajulile zilungele umqhele onamagatsha amakhulu.
5. Ukunisela kuncike kakhulu ekubunjweni kwembiza. Ezakhiweni eziphansi, inhlabathi yoma ngokushesha, okusho ukuthi ukuchelela kwenziwa kaningi.
6. Ifolishi iyafana nezihlahla ezijwayelekile zomndeni we-malvaceous (kuphela udinga ukunaka ivolumu yenhlabathi nembiza).
7. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwamaShayina rose bonsai kungenzeka ngokusikwa, ukuhlukaniswa kohlelo lwempande, imbewu. Ngaphezu kwabanye, indlela yokusika isinezimpande.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinqubo ze-pathological zenzeka lapho isitshalo sinakekelwa ngendlela engafanele noma singenwa ngamagciwane amancane ayingozi. Izifo ze "Syrian" zifaka:

• i-chlorosis esithathelwanayo nengathathelani;
• ukushiswa yilanga;
• ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi.

Ngasikhathi sinye, kukhona ukuncipha nokoma kwamagatsha, okuwa ngamaqabunga aphuzi.

Phakathi izinambuzane ivelele:

• i-aphid;
• isicabucabu;
• i-greenhouse whitefly;
• izibungu;
• isihlangu;
• inyongo midge.

Ama-microorganisms ahlasela umuthi enhlabathini. Enye indlela: ukuxhumana okuseduze nesinye isitshalo esinesifo.

Ukunakekela isihlahla se-hibiscus akulula. Kepha isiko eliyingqayizivele lihlobisa ngokungenaphutha indawo engadini, lenze ukuzwana emhlabeni wezitshalo.

Bukela ividiyo: Pruning Hibiscus (Septhemba 2024).