Ungazisebenza kanjani - imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokubhalisa + izindlela eziyisisekelo zendlela yokubhalisa kalula njengabantu abazisebenzayo

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Sanibonani bafundi abathandekayo bephephabhuku i-Ideas for Life. Kulesi sihloko, sizokutshela ukuthi ungazisebenza kanjani, sikunikeze ama-nuances wokubhalisa lesi simo, unikeze incazelo yomqondo futhi uqonde ukuthi yini inqubo yokucubungula nokuqoqa yonke imibhalo edingekayo.

Ngendlela, ubonile ukuthi idola selivele libiza malini? Qala ukwenza imali ngomehluko wamanani wokushintshana lapha!

Namuhla sithathe isinqumo sokulungisa udaba oluthakazelisa abantu abaningi abafuna "ukuzisebenzela" futhi bathole imivuzo yezezimali. Okungukuthi, labo abahlanganyela ekukhiqizeni ubuciko, ubucwebe, bhaka amakhekhe, dala amathoyizi kuyathengiswa noma kukhona abathwebuli bezithombe abazimele, abanikazi bamathilomu amancane, amabhikawozifuthi izindawo zokudlela, izingcweti, ukuthungwanoma abafundisi... Ngamunye wabo unethuba lokufaka imisebenzi yabo ngokusemthethweni ngaphandle kokuvula i-IP.

Uzofunda futhi kule ndatshana:

Ungabhalisa kanjani njengomuntu ozisebenzayo nokuthi yini edingekayo ukuze ubhalise umsebenzi;
Yini inhloso yokuthola lesi simo;
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwemisebenzi yosomabhizinisi abazisebenzelayo nosomabhizinisi ngabanye;
Ama-nuances odinga ukukwazi ukuze kungabikho zinkinga ngemisebenzi nokukhokha intela;
Kungenzeka yini ukuthi usomabhizinisi ngamunye abhalise kabusha futhi afake isicelo sokuzisebenza.

Le ndatshana izosiza hhayi kuphela labo abacabanga ngokubhalisela ukuzimela, kepha futhi nakulowo mkhakha wezakhamizi onentshisekelo enkulu kuzinguquko ezenzeka emkhakheni wezamabhizinisi nezamabhizinisi.

Konke mayelana nokubhaliswa kwabantu abazisebenzayo, okuwukuthi, ungasifaka kanjani isicelo sokuzisebenza nokuthi ngubani ongakwazi (ukubhalisa) ukuzisebenza, funda le ndatshana

Okuqukethwe

1. Ubani ongazisebenza 📖
2. Okudingayo ukufaka isicelo sokuzisebenza ⚙
3. Kungani uthola isimo sokuzisebenza?
4. Ungazisebenzela kuphi futhi kanjani - izindlela ezi-2 eziphambili 📄
5. Ungabhalisa kanjani njengeziqashile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza - imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo 📲
- Okubi kokubhaliswa kuzicelo
6. Ezinye izindlela zokubhalisela ukuzisebenza 💻
7. Kungasebenza kuphi “okuzisebenzelayo”?
8. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kosomabhizinisi ngabanye nokuzisebenzela 📎
9. AmaNuances odinga ukuwazi ngesimo se "Self-employed" 📌
Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo (i-FAQ) 💬
- Umbuzo 1. Ngabe umuntu ozisebenzelayo udinga ukuvula i-akhawunti ekhethekile yasebhange?
- Umbuzo 2. Usomabhizinisi ngamunye angabhalisa kanjani kabusha njengomuntu ozisebenzelayo?
- Umbuzo 3. Ngingasithola kanjani isitifiketi esisemthethweni seholo lami?
- Umbuzo 4. Uma abasebenzi abaziqashile nabo besebenza futhi imali isiyonke idlula izigidi ezi-2.4 ngonyaka, kuthiwani-ke?
- Umbuzo 5. Uma umuntu ozisebenzayo ethola izinkulungwane ezingama-300 ngenyanga, ngenkathi ekhokhela usomabhizinisi ngamunye izinkulungwane eziyikhulu, khona-ke ungayibala kanjani intela?
- Umbuzo 6. Ngabe umuntu ozisebenzayo angavula isitolo esiku-inthanethi futhi kuthiwani ngamarisidi wamakhasimende?
- Umbuzo 7. Ingabe umuntu ozisebenzayo angavula isitolo sezingxenye zezimoto noma i-car wash?
- Umbuzo 8. Ngiyi-confectioner ekhaya, ngithengisa imikhiqizo yomkhiqizo wami. Ngabe kufanele ngikwazi ukuzisebenza?
- Umbuzo 9. Ngisebenza ekhaya (service nail). Ikhefu lokubeletha seliphelile. Ngingakwazi yini ukuzisebenza?
- Umbuzo 10. Ngiyinkampani eyehlayo, ngingakwazi yini ukuzimela? Ngemuva kwakho konke, angiyithengi imikhiqizo engiyithengisayo?
- Umbuzo 11. Ngabe udokotela wamazinyo angabhalisa njengomuntu ozisebenzelayo? Futhi ngokujwayelekile, kungenzeka yini ukuhlinzeka ngolunye uju. izinsizakalo (isib. ukubhucungwa) ziyazisebenza?
- Umbuzo 12. Ngingumbhali wamakhophi. Ama-oda awahlali etholakala ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuzisebenza, ungayikhokha kanjani intela uma kungekho ama-oda?
- Umbuzo 13. Ngifuna ukuthenga okokukhiqiza ukhonkolo wamagwebu wokuthela phansi nezindonga ze-monolithic zezindlu zezwe. Ngithenga izinto ezitolo. Yiba ngumuntu ozisebenzayo noma usomabhizinisi ngamunye?
11. Isiphetho + ividiyo ehlobene 🎥

1. Ubani ongazisebenza self

Ngomsebenzi wezomthetho "wedwa" namhlanje kuhlongozwa ukuthola isimo sokuzisebenza.

Ngokomthetho ka-27.11.18 No. 422-FZ, lezo zigaba zezakhamizi ezihlangabezana nalezi zidingo ezilandelayo zingathembela ekuzisebenzeleni:

Kakade bavule ibhizinisi labo.
Esimweni esisemthethweni cha abasebenzi abaqashiwe.
Imali engenayo emsebenzini ayidluli izinkomba zama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-2.4 ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule.

Ngenxa yalokho, usomabhizinisi ngamunye ongaqashi abasebenzi unelungelo lokudlulisela isimo kuye"Ngiyazisebenza"... Ngasikhathi sinye, kukhona ithuba lokuguquka lisuke ohlelweni lwalo lwentela luye ku-NPD (intela kumholo oqeqeshiwe).

Imibhalo ingafakwa:

Ukugcina izingane.
Abaklami.
Abanikazi bezindlu - izakhiwo zokuhlala zingaphansi kokukhokha intela ngaphansi kohlelo lweNAP.
Abafundisi.
Ama-Freelancers.

Ayikwazi ukuthola isimo:

Abasebenzi bakahulumeni (abakwazi ukuzibandakanya kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwebhizinisi).
Abameli kanye notaries.
Abahlaziyi.
Abalamuli.
Abanikazi bezindawo zokuhlala okungezona zokuhlala nezimboni.
Abenzeli (isib. Umshwalense).
Abathengisi bemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene - isici: uma isigaba sezimpahla ezithengiswayo sibandakanya utshwala, uboya, ilotho, imithi, ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo sesimo esisha, kuyadingeka ukuthola imikhiqizo efanelekile yokulebula, uma ikhishwa, khona-ke ukuzisebenza ngeke kusebenze ngokuya ngomthetho.

Faka isicelo sokuzisebenza Awunayo abantu abafanele abakhipha amaminerali ngasese.

Iphuzu elikhethekile: lapho ugcwalisa amadokhumenti, kufanele ukhombise uhlobo lomsebenzi wakho noma umsebenzi owenzayo. Isibonelo: ubungcweti - ummeli (awukwazi ukuthumela imibhalo yalomsebenzi), umsebenzi owengeziwe wamatoho - ukunitha izingubo nokwenza amathoyizi athambile - kuboniswa kwifomu lesicelo lokuthola ilungelo lobunikazi nokunikezwa isikhundla.

Imikhawulo kusimo iyatholakala kulabo abakhethe umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukulethwa... Ukuzisebenza kuyatholakala esigabeni esiletha izimpahla esezikhokhelwe iklayenti futhi samukela inkokhelo kuphela ngezinsizakalo zokuhamba ezinikeziwe. Isithunywa kufanele sibe nerejista yemali ukuqopha konke okwenziwayo kwezezimali okungenayo. Kulokhu, iposi elizimele linelungelo lokuthola imali kwiklayenti.

Esinye isici sesimo esisha: umuntu akakhawulwanga kuphela ebhizinisini lakhe. Kuyena, ukusebenza kubasebenzi abaqashiwe kuvulekile, unethuba lokudonsa intela yomuntu siqu emiholweni (yesisebenzi, lokhu kwenziwa ngumqashi) futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo akhokhele intela ye-NPD ebhizinisini lakhe.

Isimo esiyinhloko: umqashi akanalo ilungelo lokuba iklayenti lesakhamuzi esizimele. Uma kwenzeka kuxoshwa, lokho kuvinjelwa kuhlala kusebenza izinyanga ezingama-24 ezizayo.

Ungathola isimo	Abanelungelo loku
Izingubo zokuthunga	Izisebenzi zikaHulumeni zanoma yiliphi izinga
Ukugcina izingane	Abathengisi besikhumba sangempela, uboya, izinsimbi eziyigugu
Abafundisi	Abaqashi baqashisa izakhiwo ezingahlali noma ezezimboni
Ama-Freelancers	Abameli
Abaklami (noma yikuphi ukugxila)	Izaziso
Abathwebuli zithombe, abalungisa izinwele, ama-stylists, njll.	Abalamuli nabahlaziyi bezinhlelo

Ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi ukuzisebenzela kuyini, yiziphi izinhlobo zemisebenzi ezingaphansi kombuso weNAP nokuthi intela yenziwa kanjani, sabhala endabeni ehlukile.

2. Okudingayo ukufaka isicelo sokuzisebenza ⚙

Kuthatha okuncane kumuntu ukuthola isimo esisemthethweni. Kwanele ukubhalisa kuziphathimandla zentela njengomkhokhi weminikelo.

Isici: zonke izenzo zenziwa kungakapheli imizuzu engu-2-3 kuhlelo lokusebenza olukhethekile "Intela yami"Kusuka kwaFederal Tax Service. Ngakho-ke, awudingi ukuthi uvakashele inhlangano uqobo lwakho, uqoqe amadokhumenti futhi ugcwalise amaphepha.

Osomabhizinisi ababhalisile nabasebenzayo nabo bavunyelwe ukuthi bakwazi ukuzisebenza. Umehluko kuleli cala ukuthi kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 kusuka ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa kwesicelo, umuntu kufanele afake isicelo ehhovisi lentela ngesitatimende. Kubonisa isicelo sokushintsha umbuso wokukhokha intela, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana ngomthetho.

3. Kungani uthola isimo sokuzisebenza?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthola isimo esisha:

Imali etholakele yezezimali izoqinisekiswa - ngokusemthethweni ngokuphelele, "emhlophe", ebalwa ngezinsizakalo nezinhlangano ezahlukahlukene.
Akunasidingo sokwesaba ukubalwa kwentela nokuhlolwa.
Izinhlawulo zokungakhokhi intela nezimali ngeke zikhokhiswe.
Ngeke kube khona izinyathelo zomthetho ezibhekiswe kumuntu othola imali engenayo ngaphandle kokudonswa emalini ephoqelelwe.
Ukuhamba kwamakhasimende kuzokhula.

Izinkampani nezinhlangano zanda kancane kancane inani lama-oda (ama-subcontracts) ahloselwe izakhamizi ezizisebenzelayo. Isizathu ukuthi amabhizinisi azuza ngokwezezimali ezivumelwaneni zalesi sigaba (noma usomabhizinisi ngamunye) kunesisebenzi kuhulumeni.

4. Ungazisebenzela kuphi futhi kanjani - izindlela ezi-2 eziphambili 📄

Ungabhalisa kanjani njengozisebenza ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe-My Tax

Ungayithola ngo-2020 ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:

Dala i-akhawunti yomuntu siqu kuwebhusayithi ye-FTS.
Sebenzisa uhlelo olusemthethweni lwesakhiwo - "Intela yami".

Yakovleva Galina

Uchwepheshe wezezimali.

Buza umbuzo

Futhi, izinsizakalo zokubhalisa zinikezwa yizinhlaka zebhange ezisemthethweni. Isibonelo: Ibhange eliku-inthanethi laseSberbank.

5. Ungabhalisa kanjani njengeziqashile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza - imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo 📲

Uma ukhethe ukugcwalisa izinto ezifanele ohlelweni ngendlela yokubhalisa, kuzodingeka ukuthi uzilande futhi uzifake ku-smartphone yakho.

Lokhu kungenziwa kokubili ku-Google Play naku-App Store. Lolu hlelo lusebenza nakumathebulethi, kumakhompyutha, inqobo nje uma exhunywe kwi-Intanethi.

Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzodingeka uhambe ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula:

Qinisekisa - lesi senzo sifaka ukuqinisekiswa kwemininingwane yomuntu siqu. Lokhu kwenziwa ku-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu. Ungaphinda ugcwalise insimu ngemininingwane yepasipoti ngesandla.
Finyelela kwikhabhinethi - lesi sinyathelo sithathwa nge-akhawunti kuwebhusayithi ye-FTS noma kuwebhusayithi Yezinsizakalo Zikahulumeni.
Okulandelayo - ukugcwalisa i-TIN.
Okulandelayo udinga woza ne-password.
Inombolo yefoni iyakhonjiswa (uma ukubhaliswa kwenziwa ngokuya ngemininingwane yepasipoti).

Ikhodi izothunyelwa kunombolo yocingo, ezodinga ukukhonjiswa emkhakheni ofanele (isilinganiso sokuphepha nokuvikelwa kwedatha). Ngemuva kwalokho isifunda siyakhethwa futhi sikhonjiswe lapho isakhamuzi esizisebenzelayo sizosebenza khona.

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokubhalisela ukuzisebenza kuhlelo lokusebenza - Intela yami

Isigaba esilandelayo: kuthwetshulwa amakhasi epasipoti (aqala ukusabalala ngesithombe) - kwenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlelo lokusebenza. Ukuze uqede ukuthi kungenzeka kube nephutha, kunconywa ukuthi uqinisekise idatha kusuka kulowo osebenzela iphepha nedatha efakiwe. Uma konke kulungile, okusele ukucindezela inkinobho yokuqinisekisa.

Isici: ngemuva kokuthumela imibhalo udinga ukuthatha isithombe. Ubuso kufanele bubonakale kahle, bungahlanekezelwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzodingeka uqinisekise ukubhaliswa noma wenqabe inqubo eqhubekayo.

Uma umuntu ekhethe ukuqinisekiswa, kuzofanela bakhethe uhlobo lomsebenzi. Sekukonke, ngo-2020, bavezwa ohlwini olusemthethweni oluvela kwi-Federal Tax Service yamagama we-105 (kungahle kube nokuningi!).

Ukunquma uhlobo lomsebenzi lapho ubhalisa ukuzisebenza

Ukubhaliswa kuvunyelwe ukukhetha uhlobo olungu-1 kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, inqubo yokubhalisa njengomuntu ozisebenzayo ithathwa njengephothulwe ngokuphelele.

Ungaqala ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza ukuqopha izinkokhelo futhi udlulisele imininingwane ehhovisi lentela. Uhlelo lokusebenza linikeza ngokwezifiso ukufinyelela ngobuso noma ngeminwe. Ukukhethwa kwenketho ngeke kuncike emisebenzini yedivayisi lapho ifakwe khona.

Okubalulekile! Ngolunye usuku ngemuva kokuthola isicelo, iziphathimandla zentela zithumela isaziso ngohlelo olufanayo oluqinisekisa ukubhaliswa. Ukwenqaba ukubhalisa kungenzeka uma imininingwane engamanga ivezwa noma isakhamuzi singenalo ilungelo lokusebenzisa umbuso okhethekile.

Ngemuva kokubhaliswa, ungathola isaziso sokuthi abantu abaziqashile banikezwe ukufinyelela kokuhlolwa. Izosebenza ngesikhathi sokuqinisekiswa kwemininingwane etholwe ngabaphathi bezentela, kepha kungabi ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyisithupha. Ngasikhathi sinye, usomabhizinisi angakhipha amasheke futhi awathumele kumakhasimende.

Ukwakheka kwamasheke okuzisebenza ngohlelo - Intela yami

Okubi kokubhaliswa kuzicelo

Ukubhaliswa kuhlelo lokusebenza kuyashesha, umsebenzisi omusha unezinkinga ezimweni eziningi akuveli... Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izinkinga sezivele ziphawuliwe ngenkathi kusetshenziswa insiza. Zihlotshaniswa namaphutha avela ngesikhathi sokubhalisa.

Izinkinga ezingaphakama:

Ukufinyelela kunqatshiwe ngenxa yomehluko phakathi kwesithombe esilayishiwe nalesi esiku-passport. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kunconywa ukuthi udlule kwinqubo yokubhalisa ku-akhawunti yakho yangasese engxenyeni ye-Federal Tax Service. Kulokhu, uzodinga ukukhombisa i-TIN.
Isisindo sohlelo lokusebenza sibalulekile. Kumadivayisi eselula ku-iOS, kudingeka okungenani ama-224 MB, we-Android - 96.4 MB yesikhala sememori sangaphakathi samahhala.
Azikho izindlela ezichazwe ngokucacile nezindlela zokuthi imininingwane yomuntu eqoqiwe ngomuntu izogcinwa kanjani.
Azikho iziqinisekiso zokuphepha kwedatha.

Okubi kubandakanya ukungabi bikho ngokuphelele kokunye ngokulandela ukuqhutshwa kwemali. Kufanele bathathwe kuphela kulolu hlelo lokusebenza. Akukho ukuvumelanisa ngezinhlelo zokukhokha.

Abantu abazisebenzayo badinga ukubhala ama-akhawunti abonakalayo bebodwa - ngesandla... Akunakwenzeka njalo ukufaka inguqulo ehlukile yohlelo lokusebenza ku-PC. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinkinga, ukusebenza kuhloniphekile impela.

6. Ezinye izindlela zokubhalisela ukuzisebenza 💻

Enye indlela enhle yokubhalisa nokuthola isimo esisha yile Isicelo esivela kwaSberbank... Ukuze uqale ukusebenza kuwo, udinga ukufaka iSberbank Online, ubhalise kuyo noma ufake iphasiwedi bese ungena ngemvume ukuze ufake uhlelo.

Ngemuva kwalokho uzodinga:

Khetha ithebhu Yezinsizakalo Zomphakathi.
Iya esigabeni sezinkokhelo.
Iya kuthebhu ethi "Ungumnikazi webhizinisi".

Ezinye izindlela (ezizezinye) zokubhalisa ukuzisebenza

Ngokwengeziwe, isiza sinekhodi ye-QR. Ingasetshenziswa uma kudingeka ukubhaliswa okulula. Ngokwengeziwe, iSberbank inikeza izinsizakalo eziningana eziwusizo kulabo ababhalisa futhi bathola isimo kuhlelo lokusebenza oluvela kule nhlangano.

I-FTS imema izakhiwo zebhange ukuthi zixhumeke kuhlelo lokusebenza "Intela yami"... Lokhu kungenziwa nge-API evulekile. Intshisekelo yale ndlela ikhonjiswe yizinhlaka zebhange ezinjenge:

Sovcombank.
Ibhange iTinkoff.
I-Alfa Bank.
EMpumalanga.

Ukuze uqale ukubhalisa, uhlelo kumele lusebenze ngaphandle kweziphazamiso, lukwazi ukucubungula imininingwane. Okudingeka kuqala ukutholakala kwensizakalo yokusekelwa kwamakhasimende ezosebenza ubusuku nemini.

7. Kungasebenza kuphi “okuzisebenzelayo”?

Umuntu osesimweni sokuzisebenza unethuba lokusebenza ekhaya, ehhovisi noma esizeni / kwiklayenti.

Bangasebenza ekhaya ama-blogger, abaklami, ama-programmers, ama-webmasters, ababhali bamakhophi, ama-seamstresses, abapheki bekhekhe... Lolu hlobo lomsebenzi lubizwa nge-freelancing.

Ukuze uqalise, udinga: i-Intanethi, ikhompyutha namathuluzi nesoftware edingekayo ukwenza imisebenzi.

UMaxim Fadeev

Uchwepheshe kwezezimali nakwezomnotho.

Buza umbuzo

Umsebenzi ongekho esizeni ucabanga ukuthi abantu abazisebenzelayo bazofika kwiklayenti kukheli elicacisiwe. Yile ndlela abasebenza ngayo abafundisi, abalungisa izinwele, abasebenza ngezitayela, izingcweti (abasebenza ngogesi, ababazi, abasebenza ngamapayipi amanzi).

Umsebenzi ungenziwa ehhovisi. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziswa ngokungajwayelekile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi akuwona wonke umuntu okwazi ukuqonda ngokushesha izici zohlelo nesimo. Futhi, kosomabhizinisi abangabodwana noma izinhlangano ezisemthethweni ezisesimeni esisha, kwethulwa imithetho emisha: akudingeki ukuthi bakhokhe iminikelo, kepha ukuze bathole inkokhelo, badinga ama-invoyisi akhishiwe anemininingwane.

8. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kosomabhizinisi ngabanye nokuzisebenzela 📎

Kunokwehluka okukhona phakathi kukasomabhizinisi ngamunye nomuntu onesimo sokuzisebenza ngokwemithetho yebhizinisi.

Okokuzisebenza	Okosomabhizinisi ngabanye
Indawo yebhizinisi isezifundeni ezingama-23 zezwe	Ezweni lonke (i-OSNO, i-USN, i-ESHN), i-UTII ne-PSN - azisebenzi kuzo zonke izifunda, kuyadingeka ukucacisa.
Imikhawulo yemali engenayo - izigidi ezi-2.4 ngonyaka	Izigidi eziyi-150 ngonyaka ngohlelo olwenziwe lula lwentela, Izigidi ezingama-60 ngonyaka ze-PSN, ezinye izinhlelo zentela - ayikho imikhawulo.
Imikhawulo enanini labasebenzi - abasebenzi abakwazi ukuqashwa ngaphansi kwenkontileka	Kuncike kumbuso wentela okhethiwe: I-STS, UTII - kufika kubantu abayi-100. I-PSN - kufika kubantu abayi-15. Abanye - akukho mingcele
Izinga lentela - kuya ngokuthi obani abazisebenzelayo basebenzisana nobani: abantu ngabanye - 4%, osomabhizinisi ngabanye nezinhlangano zomthetho - 6%	Kuya ngombuso wentela okhethwe ngesikhathi sokubhalisa: Intela eyisisekelo yomuntu siqu - 13%, I-VAT ingama-20% komehluko phakathi kwentela ehlolwe nokudonswayo. Uma kukhethwe uhlelo lwentela olwenziwe lula - inani eliphelele elingu-6% wemali etholwayo noma u-15% uma kubhekwa umehluko phakathi kwemali engenayo nezindleko. I-PSN -6% yemali engenayo engaba khona. UTII - 15% wemali engenayo. Intela yezolimo ebumbene - u-6% womehluko phakathi kwemali engenayo nezindleko, i-VAT ngokujwayelekile
Ukukhokhwa kwamaphrimiyamu omshwalense - akudingeki	Uhlobo oluyimpoqo lokukhokha. Udinga ukuzenzela wena nabo bonke abasebenzi
Ukubika - akunikeziwe	Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukuhambise kuziphathimandla ezilawulayo nakanjani. Izinhlobo zokubika: izimemezelo (i-IP kuphela ku-patent ayidingeki); ukubika ngeminikelo yomshwalense okhokhelwe evela emiholweni yabasebenzi; ukubika ku-FIU ngabantu abanomshwalense kanye nemisebenzi yabasebenzi (uma kukhona abasebenzi ababunjiwe); Kwesinye isikhathi ukubikwa kwezibalo kuyadingeka.
Ukugcinwa kwerekhodi - asikho isidingo sokwenza	Okuphoqelekile - ukubalwa kwentela. Accounting - ngesicelo sikasomabhizinisi ngamunye. Amarekhodi ezisebenzi - uma kukhona abasebenzi

Okwebhizinisi elizisebenzelayo akudingeki amarejista wemali (kuhlelo lokusebenza ungakhipha wonke amarisidi adingekayo). Usomabhizinisi ngamunye ubophezelekile ukusungula uma izindawo zokuhlala zenziwa nabantu ngabanye (kukhona okuhlukile). Uma imodi ye-PSN ikhethiwe, ayidingeki, kepha kukhona okuhlukile, ngokwesibonelo, imisebenzi yabalungisa izinwele.

Ukwakheka kobudala bokuthola impesheni uma kwenzeka uzisebenza ayenziwanga, kepha ungenza iminikelo yokuzithandela ku-FIU ukuze ikhokhiswe. Inani lomnikelo ngama-ruble angama-32,448 ngonyaka ngo-2020. I-IP - ukwakheka kwesipiliyoni kwenziwa ngokuzenzakalela.

Ukukhokhwa kwezinzuzo zesibhedlela kwabazisebenzelayo ayenziwanga... Osomabhizinisi ngabanye nabo abakwazi ukuthembela kukho, kepha uma kwenzeka benikela ngokuzithandela imishwalense yomphakathi (yelivu yokugula), izinzuzo zizokhokhwa. Inani elizokhokhwa ama-ruble angama-4221.24 ngonyaka.

9. AmaNuances odinga ukuwazi ngesimo se "Self-employed" 📌

Ngomsebenzi ophumelelayo esimweni esisha, udinga ukucabangela ama-nuances futhi wazi izici. Umbuso wentela okhethiwe ukhululiwe ku:

Isidingo sokuhambisa nokugcina noma yiluphi uhlobo lokubika.
Faka futhi usebenzise emsebenzini we-KKT.
Isidingo sokubhalisa njengosomabhizinisi ngamunye ukwenza imisebenzi yezabasebenzi (ungakhipha isikhundla uma ufisa).
Ukukhokhwa kwama-premium akhokhelwe.

Isici: uma izinsizakalo zenziwa kanye, ukubhaliswa akudingeki. Ukuthola isikhundla kuyadingeka uma kwenzeka zihlala njalo. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi isakhamuzi esizisebenzelayo sisebenza ezifundeni eziningana ngasikhathi sinye, bese ngokuya nge-Letter of the Federal Tax Service No. SD-4-3 / 3012 yangomhla ziyi-21/02/19, ukubhaliswa kwesimo kuyenziwa esifundeni umuntu asikhethayo.

Isimo esisha endaweni yaseRussia singatholakala ngezakhamizi zezifunda ezingomakhelwane:

IBelarus.
Kazakhstan.
I-Armenia.
I-Kyrgyzstan.

Osomabhizinisi ngabanye abashintshele kulo mbuso kumele bathumele isaziso ehhovisi lentela. Kubonisa isicelo sokuyekisa eminye imibuso yentela ekhethekile, efaka i-STS, UTII, ESHN. Inqubo kumele igcwaliswe kungakapheli inyanga. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isicelo sokushintshela ekuzisebenzeleni sizokhanselwa.

Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umsebenzi wenziwe ngusomabhizinisi ngamunye ngokujwayelekile (ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile), bese uthumela isaziso kuye akudingeki... Kwanele ukubhalisa kuhlelo lokusebenza "lwentela Yami" ukushintshela esimweni esisha. Umthetho awudingi inqubo yokubhaliswa kabusha kwezinkontileka esezivele seziqediwe ekuguqukeleni ekusebenzeni ngokuzimela.

Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo (i-FAQ) 💬

Njengoba lo mbuso uvele muva nje, abantu banemibuzo. Izimpendulo zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu nezihehayo zizonikezwa ngezansi.

Umbuzo 1. Ngabe umuntu ozisebenzelayo udinga ukuvula i-akhawunti ekhethekile yasebhange?

Ukuvula i-akhawunti yasebhange ekhethekile akudingeki... I-akhawunti yomuntu siqu yesakhamuzi izokwanela ukwenza imisebenzi yabasebenzi. Ukuze ususe imibuzo nobunzima obukhona, kufanele uxwayise ibhange lapho i-akhawunti ivulwa khona mayelana nesimo sokuzisebenza. Lokhu kuzovumela ukwamukela izimali ngezinsizakalo ezinikeziwe ngaphandle kokuvimba i-akhawunti noma ezinye izindaba ezivela emisebenzini yesikhungo sezezimali.

Endabeni lapho kungezona izimali ze- izinsizakalo ezinikeziwe, kodwa futhi ezinye izinhlobo zokukhokha (umholo, ukudluliswa), khona-ke la manani ngeke anakwe lapho kubalwa i-NAP. Intela ikhokhiswa kuphela kulezo zimali umuntu azithola emisebenzini yakhe njengomuntu ozisebenzelayo.

Umbuzo 2. Usomabhizinisi ngamunye angabhalisa kanjani kabusha njengomuntu ozisebenzelayo?

Uma kunesifiso noma isidingo sokubhalisa kabusha kusuka kusimo sikasomabhizinisi ngamunye kuya esakhamuzini esizisebenzelayo, lapha-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lwentela osomabhizinisi abalukhethile ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa kokuqala nezinhlaka zentela:

Lapho ukhetha uhlelo lwentela olujwayelekile, kwanele ukubhalisa njengabantu abazisebenzelayo ukushintsha isimo. Kulokhu, intela ehambisanayo izokhokhiswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngendlela entsha.
Uma ngabe kukhethwe uhlelo lwentela olwenziwe lula, i-UTII noma intela yezolimo ebumbene, ngemuva kokurejista umuntu njengesakhamuzi esizimele, kuyodingeka ukuthumela isaziso ku-Federal Tax Service kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30 kusukela osukwini lokushintsha kwesimo usomabhizinisi ngamunye eyeka ukusebenza ngaphansi kombuso wentela owawusungulwe ngaphambilini. Izimali ezizokhokhwa zizoqala ukubalwa ngokuya ngesimo esisha.
Endabeni yokubhaliswa kohlelo lobunikazi, ukuze ushintshe isimo, kuzofanela ulinde kuze kuphele lo mbhalo. Ungathumela futhi isaziso ku-Federal Tax Service ukusheshisa inqubo. Kuyo, kufanele ukhombise isizathu sokuxhumana nokwenqaba ukusebenzisa lolu hlelo.

Isici: asikho isidingo sokususwa kumarekhodi entela njengosomabhizinisi ngamunye.

Umbuzo 3. Ngingasithola kanjani isitifiketi esisemthethweni seholo lami?

Isitifiketi esifanayo siyadingeka ezikhungweni ezahlukahlukene. Ukuze uthole izinzuzo, izibonelelo, ama-visa, izimalimboleko, amakhredithi kanye nemali ebolekwayo, kufanele unikeze imininingwane ngenani lemali engenayo isikhathi esithile. Endabeni yesimo esibhalisiwe sokuzisebenza, ungathola idokhumende elinjalo usebenzisa i-My Tax application.

U-Emil Askerov

Isazi sokufunda ngezimali, umhlaziyi nongoti.

Ungabhala futhi idokhumenti kuhlelo lokusebenza ebhange lapho kukhishwa khona i-akhawunti yomuntu siqu noma ucele isitifiketi ku-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu kuwebhusayithi ye-FTS. Ngemuva kokuthi isitifiketi senziwe, kwanele ukusithumela ku-imeyili yakho bese usiphrinta.

Ngokwengeziwe, ungathola isitifiketi sokuthi umuntu unesimo sokuzisebenza ngempela futhi ubhaliswe ngokusemthethweni ohlelweni lwe-FTS. Le dokhumenti iyadingeka ukuthola imali mboleko yasebhange. Futhi, isitifiketi esinjalo singadingeka kumakhasimende okwenziwe nawo ukuthengiselana - ukuqeda izinkinga zokubika.

Umbuzo 4. Uma abasebenzi abaziqashile nabo besebenza futhi imali isiyonke idlula izigidi ezi-2.4 ngonyaka, kuthiwani-ke?

Inani lama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-2.4 ngonyaka linomkhawulo emholweni owawutholwa ngumuntu njengomuntu ozisebenzelayo. Uma esebenza ngokufana endaweni enkulu, umholo wakhe awufakiwe kule mali - kubalwa ngokwehlukana. Okusho ukuthi, umuntu ozisebenzayo angathola ngomsebenzi wakhe esimweni, ngokwesibonelo, ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200 ngenyanga kanye nomholo ovela endaweni esemqoka yomsebenzi.

Umbuzo 5. Uma umuntu ozisebenzayo ethola izinkulungwane ezingama-300 ngenyanga, ngenkathi ekhokhela usomabhizinisi ngamunye izinkulungwane eziyikhulu, khona-ke ungayibala kanjani intela?

Kuyadingeka ukuthi kubhekwe umkhawulo osunguliwe wabazisebenzayo abazizigidi ezingama-2.4 ngonyaka. Lapho ubala intela, udinga ukunaka ukuthi awukho umkhawulo oqinile emholweni wezinkulungwane ezingama-200 ngenyanga. Umuntu ozisebenzayo angathola wonke ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-2.4 ngasikhathi sinye, kanti isikhathi esisele bangasebenza ngaphandle kwemali engenayo noma bangasebenzi. Into esemqoka yokubala intela ukubheka imali engenayo yenkathi yebhizinisi

Ukuze unakekele ngokwengeziwe izindleko, udinga ukuba usomabhizinisi ngamunye nge-ONS 15% yenzuzo etholakele.

Umbuzo 6. Ngabe umuntu ozisebenzayo angavula isitolo esiku-inthanethi futhi kuthiwani ngamarisidi wamakhasimende?

Amandla okuvula isitolo esiku-inthanethi ancike ezinhlotsheni zezimpahla ezizothengiswa lapho. Ukwenza kabusha kwenqatshelwe... Ungathengisa izimpahla ezikhiqizwe ngezandla zakho: lokhu kungaba imifekethiso, amathoyizi athambile, izinto ezithungiwe nezinto zokuhlobisa, uju, amaqebelengwane, amaswidi, imikhiqizo yomgunyathi neyegesi, okokugqoka, izikhwama.

Ukuze wenze izibalo ze-CCP, awudingi ukuthenga nokufaka. Amasheke akhiqizwa ngqo ku-My Income application.

Umbuzo 7. Ingabe umuntu ozisebenzayo angavula isitolo sezingxenye zezimoto noma i-car wash?

Ukuvulwa kwesitolo akuvunyelwe, ngoba izimpahla azikwazi ukuphinda zithengiswe, futhi ezinye izinhlobo zezingxenye nazo zidinga intela yezimpahla. Lolu hlobo lomsebenzi ludinga ukubhaliswa kusimo sikasomabhizinisi ngamunye. Ungavula i-car wash uma isebenza ngaphandle kwabasebenzi abaqashiwe - njenge- "My self".

Umbuzo 8. Ngabe kumele ngikwazi ukuzimela?

Yebo, ngoba imisebenzi enjalo ayikho ngaphansi kwelayisense ephoqelekile.

Umbuzo 9. Ngingakwazi yini ukuzisebenza?

Yebo, uma unikezela ngezinsizakalo zezipikili kuphela. Awukwazi ukuthengisa kabusha izinto ezihlotshaniswa nakho. Futhi, akufanele kube nabasebenzi bezisebenzi.

Umbuzo 10. Ngiyinkampani eyehlayo, ngingakwazi yini ukuzimela? Ngemuva kwakho konke, angiyithengi imikhiqizo engiyithengisayo?

Lolu hlobo lomsebenzi aluvunyelwe, ngoba kuhlotshaniswa nokuthengiswa kwezimpahla okungezona ezokukhiqiza kwazo. Kulokhu, imali engenayo izokwakhiwa kusuka ngomehluko phakathi kwamanani okuthengisa nokuthenga. Funda kabanzi ngokuwa phansi ku-athikili kusixhumanisi.

Umbuzo 11. izinsizakalo (isib. Ukubhucungwa umzimba) ziyazisebenza?

Cha, ngoba ilayisense liyadingeka ukwenza imisebenzi.

Umbuzo 12. Ukuzisebenza, uyikhokha kanjani intela uma kungekho-oda?

Intela ikhokhiswa kwimali etholakele. Akukho mali engenayo, ngakho-ke ayikho intela.

Umbuzo 13. Yiba ngusomabhizinisi ozisebenzelayo noma ozimele?

Okokuqala, kunconywa ukwenza ukubala, okuzoba nenzuzo enkulu kumuntu: ukhokhe u-4% wenzuzo noma u-15% wenzuzo. Esimweni sokuqala, kunenzuzo enkulu ukuthola isimo sesakhamuzi esizimele. Uma inketho yesibili ibonakala incamela, kuzodingeka ubhalise isimo somabhizinisi ngamunye ngohlelo olulula lwentela olungu-15%.

Thola isimo sokuzisebenza akunzima... Izicelo ezithuthukisiwe zizokuvumela ukuthi ubhalise ngokushesha, uqale ukusebenza futhi uthole imali engenayo ngokusemthethweni. Ngaphambi kokulandela inqubo, kunconywa ukuthi ufunde ngokucophelela wonke ama-nuances, ukuqonda ukuthi ngabe ibhizinisi umuntu azolenza lisifanele yini isimo. Kunemikhawulo eminingi ezovimbela ukuzisebenzisela ukusetshenziswa njengesimo esiyinhloko. Kulokhu, kuzodingeka ukubhaliswa kwe-IP.

Ekuphetheni, sincoma ukubukela ividiyo - "Ungazisebenza kanjani":

Nevidiyo emayelana nokuzisebenza, imisebenzi nentela:

Sifisela wena impumelelo ekwakheni ibhizinisi elinenzuzo futhi elinenzuzo. Vumela ukuthengiselana namakhasimende kudlule ngokushesha, futhi ama-oda amasha abe nenzuzo enkulu kunangaphambilini! Usale kahle mfundi othandekayo, sobonana ngokuzayo.