Izitsha zikazwelonke zaseNdiya kumele zizonambitha
Eqinisweni, uma ulungiselela ukwaziswa ngesihloko se-cuisine yase-India, uthola uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lwe-multivolume. I-cuisine yasendaweni inezinto eziningi futhi ihlukahlukene kangangokuthi ukuvakasha okukodwa eNdiya ngeke kukwazi ukunambitha okungenani okweshumi kokudla kukazwelonke. Isifundazwe ngasinye sinokukhetha okukhulu kwezitsha ezinganambitheka lapha kuphela. Ekuboneni kokuqala kuphela kungabonakala sengathi izitsha zaseNdiya zinambitha okufanayo - okubabayo nje, kodwa ngikholwe, ekuphekeni kukazwelonke kukhona ukuphatha okuningi ngaphandle kwezinongo, ama-dessert amahle neziphuzo.
Imininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana nokudla kwaseNdiya
Izici ezithile zikazwelonke namasiko okudla kwaseNdiya kugcinwe ezweni - zinikeza imifino kuqala, izinhlobo eziningi zezinongo, ngasikhathi sinye ngeke uthole inyama yenkomo kwimenyu. Umuntu odla imifino ngokuqinisekile uzozizwa njengepharadesi lokudla okukodwa lapho eseNdiya. Abantu bendawo abayidli inyama ngisho nenhlanzi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Cishe ama-40% ezakhamizi adla kuphela ukudla okuyimvelaphi yezitshalo.
Esikhathini esedlule, izindlela zokupheka ezahlukahlukene zaziswa e-Indian cuisine ngamaMongol namaSulumane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibono yenkolo yabakhileyo yathonya izici ezikhethekile zezitsha zokudla zaseNdiya - ngaphezu kwabantu abangama-80% bendawo abathi bangamaHindu, okungabandakanyi noma yiluphi udlame. Ingqikithi yenkolo ukuthi noma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo singokomoya, esiqukethe inhlayiya yaphezulu. Kungakho abantu abaningi eNdiya bengadli inyama, kepha ngasikhathi sinye izitsha zikazwelonke zaseNdiya zinokunambitheka okunothile, okukhanyayo, okubabayo, nobhotela.
Isisekelo sokudla yilayisi, ubhontshisi, imifino
Njengoba sikhuluma ngokudla imifino kuphela ezweni elithile, izinhlobo eziningi zokuphathwa okusanhlamvu, imifino, kanye nemidumba sekuvele endaweni yokudla yasendaweni. Okudume kakhulu yi-sabji - isitshulu semifino esine-lentili, okunongwe ngezinongo ezahlukahlukene. Kudliwa nelayisi, amakhekhe esinkwa.
Ngiyathokoza ukwazi! E-India kuyisiko ukusebenzisa irayisi ende ye-basmati okusanhlamvu. Ngokuqondene nemidumba, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingaphezu kweziyikhulu zikaphizi ezweni kuphela; ama-chickpeas, udali, ubhontshisi we-mung ne-dal nakho kuyathandwa.
Ivolumu ehlukile ku-encyclopedia yokudla kwendabuko yaseNdiya kuzofanele inikelwe izinongo nezinongo. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-curry, ngasendleleni, akusona isinongo kuphela, kodwa futhi negama lesitsha esikhanyayo samaNdiya esiwolintshi. Yilesi siphuzo esinika ukwelashwa iphunga elijiyile nokunambitheka okuyingqayizivele.
Izinongo eziningi zixutshwe ku-curry, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuzibala zonke, mhlawumbe, amaNdiya uqobo ngeke akwazi ukuqamba iresiphi ngqo. Kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ukwakheka kuqukethe: i-cayenne, upelepele obomvu nomnyama, i-cardamom, i-ginger, i-coriander, i-paprika, ama-clove, ikhumini, i-nutmeg. Yize ukwakheka kwe-curry kungahluka, i-turmeric ikhona njalo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi imindeni yaseNdiya ineresiphi yomuntu yokwenza i-curry, idluliselwa ngokucophelela isuka kwesinye isizukulwane iye kwesinye.
Amakhekhe esikhundleni sesinkwa
Ukubhaka isinkwa ngendlela ebhaka ngayo eYurophu akwamukelwa eNdiya. Khonza amakhekhe acabalele noma isinkwa se-pita esincane. Isitsha sendabuko saseNdiya esibizwa ngokuthi ama-chapati, sihambisana nokudla ngakunye kusuka enkambweni yokuqala kuya koshukela.
Iresiphi yokupheka ilula, wonke umama wekhaya angayiphinda - hlanganisa ufulawa omuncu, usawoti, amanzi, gazinga amakhekhe ngaphandle kwamafutha (uma upheka ngaphandle, sebenzisa umlilo ovulekile). Ikhekhe eliqediwe lifana nebhola, ngoba liyavuvukala, imifino, imidumba ngaphakathi, kumane kudliwe nososi.
Olunye uhlobo olujwayelekile lwezimpahla ezibhakiwe eNdiya ngama-samosa - ophaya abango-nxantathu abathosiwe abafakwa ngokuhlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile zilungiselelwe itafula lokugubha umkhosi. Inhlama yama-samosa kazwelonke wangempela ithenda, i-crispy, iyancibilika, ukugcwaliswa kufanele kufudunyezwe ngokulinganayo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Uma kungekho bubbles enhlama, ophaya balungiswa ngokusho iresiphi yangempela futhi balandela ubuchwepheshe. Awudingi ukushisa kakhulu uwoyela kulokhu.
I-dessert ejwayelekile iyi-yogurt emnandi
ENdiya, izitsha eziningi zilungiswa kusuka ebisi. I-yogurt iyahlukile; izithelo namajikijolo kungezwa kuyo.
Ngiyathokoza ukwazi! Kuyisiko ukwenza inkambo yezifundo zokuqala ngeyogathi yemvelo ngaphambi kokuphaka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyogathi iyisisekelo sesiphuzo sokupholisa futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo i-dessert - i-lassi. Faka amanzi, iqhwa kuyona, shaya kuze kuphume igwebu elijiyile. Umphumela uba isiphuzo esiqabula ngokuphelele lapho kushisa. Izithelo, u-ayisikhilimu noma ukhilimu nazo ziyangezwa kulesi siphuzo.
Amanye amathiphu awusizo:
- cishe konke ukudla e-India kubabile kakhulu, ngakho-ke, uma ungathandi izitsha ezinopelepele, tshela oweta - wazi okubabayo, basazokwengeza izinongo ekwelapheni, kepha kakhulu;
- ezindaweni zokudlela, futhi ikakhulukazi ezimakethe, imithetho yenhlanzeko ayilandelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho-ke kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ungazami izithelo nemifino eluhlaza ngaphambi kokuthenga;
- eNdiya kukhona ukushoda okukhulu kwamanzi ahlanzekile, okuphuza, akuvunyelwe nakancane ukuphuza amanzi ompompi, udinga ukuthenga amanzi asemabhodleleni;
- kungcono futhi ukugwema ukusebenzisa iqhwa njengoba lenziwe ngamanzi ompompi.
Ukudla kwendabuko kwamaNdiya
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-Indian cuisine kazwelonke yehluke kakhulu, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukumboza zonke izitsha ezifanele ukunakwa izivakashi. Sithathe isinqumo sokwenza umsebenzi ube lula futhi salungiselela ukubuka konke ngezidlo eziyi-15 ezinhle kakhulu zamaNdiya kazwelonke.
I-Curry
Kunobufakazi obubhaliwe bokuthi i-curry, isidlo saseNdiya, saqala ukwenziwa eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa eyedlule. Leli akulona igama lesinongo esidumile kuphela, kodwa futhi nesidlo sikazwelonke. Ilungiselelwe kusuka kumidumba, imifino, kwesinye isikhathi inyama iyangezwa futhi, yiqiniso, inqwaba yezinongo. Umuthi ophelile ungaqukatha izinongo ezingafika kweshumi nambili. Isitsha esiphelile siphakwa nelayisi.
Ngiyathokoza ukwazi! Amaqabunga e-betel anikezwa kanye ne-curry futhi adliwa ekupheleni kokudla. I-betel nut eqoshiwe nesethi yezinongo zisongwe emaqabungeni. Kwamukelwa ngokuvamile ukuthi isethi enjalo yokudla ithuthukisa ukugaya.
Ayikho iresiphi eyodwa yokwenza i-curry, ubuchwepheshe buyahluka ngokuya ngesifunda saseNdiya, kanye nezinto ezithandwa ngabapheki emndenini owodwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-curry isidlo saseNdiya, kepha seyaziwa emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Namuhla kukhona ama-curry aseThai naseJapan, futhi nawo alungiswa eBrithani. ENdiya, isidlo singaba okubabayo noma okumnandi nokumuncu.
Isobho linike
Isibonelo esijwayelekile sokuhlanganisa imifino, okusanhlamvu (uphizi), irayisi, i-curry esitsheni esisodwa saseNdiya yi-dal. Isobho liyisidingo sasemini yaseNdiya, liqukethe imidumba noma uphizi, lidliwe nelayisi, ikhekhe lesinkwa.
Isobho laseNdiya alibizwa nje ngesitsha sikazwelonke, kodwa ngesintu, ngoba lilungiselelwe ngaphandle kwehaba emindenini yonke. Inkambo yokuqala inikezwa kokubili okushisayo nokubandayo. Abantu bendawo bathi kunezindlela eziningi kakhulu zokwenza isobho okulula ukuthi ulipheke unyaka wonke ngaphandle kokuthi uliphinde.
Izithako eziyinhloko: u-anyanisi, u-garlic, utamatisi, isethi yezinongo, iyogathi. Isitsha siyabiliswa, siyabhakwa, siyisitshulu futhi siyathosiwa. Ngokuya ngesethi yemikhiqizo, indlela yokulungiselela, ukwelashwa kuphakelwa ibhulakufesi, isidlo sasemini noma i-dessert.
Ijakhethi yaseMalay
Esinye isidlo esidumile sakuleli saseNdiya amabhola amancane amazambane athosiwe noshizi we-paneer. Futhi engeza amakhambi, izinongo, amantongomane.
Igama lisho - ama-meatballs (ibhantshi) ku-cream sauce (malay).
Ngiyathokoza ukwazi! I-Paneer ushizi othambile, omusha ovame ukudla kwaseNdiya. Umkhiqizo oqediwe awuncibiliki, une-asidi ephansi. Isisekelo soshizi yi-cottage shizi eyenziwe ngobisi, ijusi kalamula kanye ne-asidi yokudla.
Abantu bendawo bakubiza ngesitsha okungenanjongo ngoba kudinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela. Uma uyipheka ngaphandle kwesibiliboco esifanele, ibhantshi le-malay lizovela linganambitheki. Ngendlela, ngisho naseNdiya akulungiselelwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngempumelelo. Ngenxa yalokho, izivakashi azikunaki ukudla okufanele. Uma inkosi yangempela iqala ukupheka, uzothatheka ngokunambitheka okubucayi kwamabhola emifino kusoso.
Qhathanisa amanani entengo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli Fomu
IPalak Panir
Uhlu lwezitsha zaseNdiya ezidume kakhulu lubandakanya isipinashi nesobho loshizi, izinongo nemifino nakho kuyangezwa. Empeleni, ekuhumusheni i-palak isho isipinashi, futhi i-paneer uhlobo lweshizi elithambile elifana ne-Adyghe. Isitsha saseNdiya sibucayi, sinokunambitheka okumnandi okunokhilimu. Kuphakwe ngelayisi, amakhekhe esinkwa.
Iseluleko! Kwabaqalayo abasanda kujwayela isiko lamaNdiya nokudla kukazwelonke, kunconywa uku-oda i-palak paneer ngesethi ephansi yezinongo ukuze uzwe ukunambitheka kwangempela, okunosawoti wesitsha.
IBiriani
Ukwenza kucace, isidlo sikazwelonke esenziwe ngomumo singabizwa nge-pilaf yaseNdiya. Igama livela egameni lesiPheresiya elisho ukuthosiwe. Ilungiselelwe kusetshenziswa lobu buchwepheshe - irayisi le-basmati lithosiwe ngokufakwa kwamafutha we-ghee, imifino, isinongo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isifunda ngasinye sinokuhlanganiswa kwaso kwezinongo, i-algorithm yokupheka; isafroni, ikhumini, ikhumini, i-cardamom, isinamoni, i-ginger nama-clove kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! IBiriani ayinakubizwa ngesidlo saseNdiya ngokweqiniso, ngoba abathengisi basePheresiya baletha iresiphi yabo ezweni.
I-Pakora
Igama lesitsha somgwaqo waseNdiya lihlanganisa imifino, ushizi nenyama ethosiwe ku-batter. Cuisine yeSlavic, kune-analogue, kepha umehluko kuphela ukuthi eNdiya, esikhundleni sefulawa kakolweni, kusetshenziswa ufulawa wepea - bagaya amantshontsho (hummus beans). Ngenxa yalokhu, uqweqwe luthambile, lu-crispy, kanti isidlo sizuza inani elengeziwe lokudla okunempilo, ngoba ubhontshisi unamaprotheni amaningi.
IPakora ejwayelekile kakhulu yenziwa ngemifino; basebenzisa isisekelo esihlukile - ithanga, ubhatata, isitshalo seqanda, ukholifulawa, i-broccoli, izaqathe, amazambane. Isitsha esiphelile sinikezwa nge-apula noma isinongo setamatisi.
Iseluleko! Uma ufuna ukupheka i-pakora ngokwakho, into esemqoka ukukhetha izinga lokushisa elifanele futhi uligcine.
Isi-Thali (tali)
Kuhunyushiwe, igama le-Indian dish thali lisho ithreyi ephatha. Eqinisweni, kuba - esitsheni esikhulu babeka amapuleti amancane anezitsha ezahlukahlukene. Ekuqaleni, yayisekelwa ngeseva kwiqabunga likabhanana, ngasendleleni, kwezinye izindawo lisakhonzwa kanjena - ngendlela yakudala.
Isithako esiphoqelekile ku-thali ilayisi, imifino e-stewed, i-papad (isinkwa esicaba esenziwe ngofulawa we-lentil), ama-chapati (amakhekhe esinkwa), amasoso we-chutney, nama-pickle nakho kuyaphakwa. Ngokwesiko, kuphekwa izitsha eziyi-6 ekhaya, kanti ikhefi noma indawo yokudlela iphaka izitsha ezingama-25. Ukukhethwa kokuphathwa kuyahlukahluka ngesifunda.
IChapati
Mhlawumbe ikhekhe lesinkwa elidume kakhulu eNdiya yi-chapati. Isitsha silungiswa ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba sidinga ubuncane bemikhiqizo - ufulawa ophelele wokusanhlamvu. Isitsha saseNdiya sisebenzisa ufulawa okhethekile obizwa nge- atta. Ama-flatbreads abhakwa esikhwameni esomile ngaphandle kokufaka uwoyela. Ngakho-ke, ama-tortilla ahle kakhulu kulabo abangafuni ukuthola ama-calories amaningi.
Iseluleko! AmaChapatis kufanele adliwe ashisa kuphela. Abavakashi abaningi abakwazi lokhu, futhi ezindaweni zokudlela bayayisebenzisa - baphaka isidlo sayizolo. Kunconywa uku-oda ama-flatbreads njengoba kudingeka ukuze kuphekwe isidlo esisanda kubhakwa etafuleni.
UNaana
Esinye sezitsha ezithandwa kakhulu eNdiya yisinkwa se-naana flatbread. I-yogurt namafutha yemifino ayengezwa kwimvubelo ejwayelekile. Isinkwa esisicaba esibhakwe kuhhavini lase-tandoori laseNdiya.
E-India, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinkwa eziyisicaba, izivakashi ezinolwazi zincoma ukuzama ibhotela le-naan (nebhotela), i-naan chiiz (enoshizi), i-naan garlic (negalikhi).
INaan inganambitheka kunoma iyiphi ikhefi laseNdiya, indawo yokudlela, ama-tortilla asetshenziswa njengesitsha sokuziphakela noma esigcwele inyama, amazambane noma ushizi.
Tandoori amaphuphu
Ukuba seNdiya futhi ungazami inkukhu ye-tandoori kufana nokuthi awukho kuleli zwe eliyingqayizivele. Ngakho-ke, i-tandoor iyihhavini lendabuko yaseNdiya. Ngaphambilini, inkukhu ihlanjululwe nge-yogurt futhi-ke, izinongo (isethi yendabuko upelepele we-cayenne namanye upelepele oshisayo). Ngemuva kwalokho inyoni ibhakwa ngokushisa okukhulu.
Ngiyathokoza ukwazi! ENdiya, kukhona ama-spice kits akhethekile enkukhu yokuhlanza kanye nokwenza inkukhu ye-tandoori. Enguqulweni yasekuqaleni, ebhekiswe kubantu bendawo, isidlo sidla ngokubabayo kakhulu, futhi kubavakashi inani lepelepele lomhlabathi liyancipha. Kuphakelwa inkukhu enelayisi namakhekhe ama-naan.
Alu Gobi
Ukwakheka kwesitsha sikazwelonke saseNdiya kucacile egameni - alu - amazambane, kanye ne-gobi - ukholifulawa. Ngokwengeziwe engeza utamatisi, izaqathe, u-anyanisi, izinongo. Zidliwa nelayisi, izinkwa zendabuko, zigezwe ngetiye le-masala laseNdiya.
Kungani isidlo saba sesizwe futhi sathandwa? Imikhiqizo yokulungiselela kwayo ingathengwa kunoma iyiphi imakethe, ngaphandle kwesizini.
UNavathanathan Korma
Isitsha siyinhlanganisela yemifino ephekwe kusoso kakhilimu namantongomane. Ngokwesiko kunezithako eziyi-9 esitsheni sikazwelonke, ngoba igama lisho amagugu ayisishiyagalolunye, kanti okuphakelayo kusho isitshulu. Kuphakwe ngelayisi namakhekhe angenamvubelo.
Iseluleko! Nge-sauce, ungasebenzisa ubisi lukakhukhunathi noma iyogathi yemvelo esikhundleni sokhilimu.
UJalebi
I-Indian cuisine kazwelonke inokukhethwa okukhulu kwamaswidi nama-dessert. UJalebi uyisicebi se-orange time pretzel esaziwa kuwo wonke amakhona e-India. Umuthi ulungiswa kusuka ku-batter, uthelwa emafutheni abilayo, bese ufakwa kusiraphu kashukela. Ukwelashwa kukazwelonke kupholile, kunamanzi amaningi, kepha kuvela ukuthi kunamafutha, kumnandi, ngakho-ke kunama-calories amaningi kakhulu.
Amasiko nemikhuba yokudla kwaseNdiya kwehluka kakhulu ngokuya ngesifunda. Kodwa ngokuvamile, izici eziningana zingaphawulwa - okubabayo, okubabayo, imifino.
Ukudla kwaseNdiya kungenye yezinto ezimibalabala kakhulu emhlabeni futhi uma ufuna ukujwayela isiko lezwe, qiniseka ukuthi unaka izici zokudla.
Ukudla komgwaqo eNdiya: