Izinketho zefenisha zeRococo, ama-nuances abalulekile wokukhetha

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Izinhlobo ezidlalayo nezikhanyayo zezinto zefenisha zeRococo zizonxusa ubunjalo ngokunambitheka okucwengiwe, izithambisi zokuzithokozisa kwazo. Isitayela sibonakala nge-chic yasebukhosini, ukusondelana okungaqondakali, umusa wenyama, okuchaza ukuthi kungani ifenisha yeRococo ithandwa kangaka. Lesi sitayela sivela ezindlini zasebukhosini ngaphambi kukaLouis XV futhi sisetshenziswa ngokuphepha namuhla.

Lesi sitayela saziwa ngani

Ubukhazikhazi, iphalethi elicebile le-shades, ukukhanya, ubuhle nobunzima yizimpawu ezibonga isitayela sefenisha yeRococo esaziwa ngaso. Kwavela ngezigaba eziphakathi zika-1700 no-1780, yanqoba entshonalanga yeYurophu. I-Rocaille evela eFrance isho amaphethini we-asymmetric, abonakala ngomfanekiso wama-curls emvelo ezimbali, ezihlahleni, emafwini, kumagobolondo olwandle. Yileli gama elinikeze igama nesisusa ebelisetshenziswa enhliziyweni yesitayela. Ezigabeni zokuqala, isitayela sagxekwa ngokwanele, bakhuluma kabi nangokudelela ngaso ngenxa yokuhlobisa ngokweqile nokungakhathali. Kepha ngenxa yokufuna ukunethezeka komuntu siqu nezinto zobuciko, iRococo isibe isitayela esivame kakhulu.

Imithombo eminingi ikhombisa ukuthi iRococo ingukuqhubeka kweBaroque engasekho. Kepha isitayela esisha sihlukaniswa ngezisusa zaso ezintsha ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, yanezelwa ngemininingwane esempumalanga. Ukugoba kolayini kungene esikhundleni sobujamo besikwele. Ukusetshenziswa kwezindwangu eziyinkimbinkimbi kuyinto yaphakade eyayikhona eBaroque.

Izinhlobo zefenisha nezici zalowo nalowo kubo

Yonke ifenisha yeRococo inezici ezithile zesici. Njengoba isitayela sikhombisa ukuheha kwabobulili obufanele (umhlaba wabo wangaphakathi, ubumnandi, isasasa), ifenisha yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuze kube lula kubo. Ukulingana okuncane kusetshenzisiwe kwimikhiqizo yokuhlala. Bafanele abanikazi bezinwele eziphakeme. Ukwakhiwa kwefenisha ebhangqiwe (amahedisethi) kunikezwa ingaphakathi elithile, kwesinye isikhathi kunamathele amasondo kubo. Zonke izinto zigcwaliswa ngezinto zomusa, inkimbinkimbi, ukukhanya, ukwakha, ukudweba okuhle. Ukuma kwezinto ezincane kugobile. Bahlukaniswa ukuhamba kwabo. Into uqobo lwayo nemininingwane yayo kudalwe ngendlela ephelele: emuva, izingalo zezingalo, imilenze.

Phakathi kwemiklamo esetshenziswa kakhulu yilena:

onobhala;
abagqoki;
ukududuza;
i-Bureau;
osofa;
izihlalo;
amalanga elanga.

Onobhala

Lapho kwakhiwa ifenisha entsha, okokuqala, izintshisekelo zabesifazane zacatshangelwa. Kumgcinimfihlo omusha, bahlinzeka ngamabhodi okusonga, atholakala emthambekeni. Amatafula amasha asembhedeni anezinhlaka eziyindilinga, imvamisa engunxande. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezifake imfashini, ukunakwa okukhethekile kunikezwe onogada bezintokazi. Amamodeli wamatafula ekhofi, amatafula okubhala nawokuthunga ayathakazelisa. Imilenze yazo zonke izinhlobo zefenisha yenziwe ngendlela ye-cabriole: ukugoba, imvamisa ngesimo sezinselo noma isidladla sesilwane, engxenyeni engezansi ehlotshiswe ngamasilinda noma amabhola. Zibonakala ngokuba khona kwe-convex bend ngaphezulu kanye ne-concave bend ezansi.

Ngokwakhiwa kwehhovisi labesifazane, siphakamise imodeli yekhabinethi yokugcina amaphepha netafula lokugqoka elinomsebenzi wesibuko esigoqiwe.

Onobhala bangezinye zezinto ezithandwa kakhulu yifenisha. Le mpahla yefenisha ibifunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa, futhi ibisetshenziswa njengetafula, ikhabethe lezingubo nokuphepha. Kuhlinzekelwa amagumbi amaningi afihliwe, akhiywe ngezingidi ezihlakaniphile. Inkathi yeRococo yaziwa ngothando lwayo lwememori nezinhlamvu ezithandekayo. Babegcinwa eminyangweni enjalo. Namuhla sekushintshile ngandlela thile, kepha manje imfihlo yenziwa ngesimo seKhabinethi, lapho kunikezwa khona amadrowa kanye neshalofu lokugoqa, elisetshenziswa njengendawo yokusebenza.

Izifuba zedilowa

Umkhiqizo oyimfashini kakhulu isifuba samadilowa, igama lawo livela egameni lesiFulentshi "isifuba samadilowa", okusho ukuthi "ukhululekile" Ukuma kwayo kubolekwe ngesitayela sasempumalanga, kepha ngemigqa ethe xaxa nepulasitiki. Azikho izindiza eziqondile esifubeni samadilowa. Iflethi kepha inemiphetho ye-wavy, kudalwe ikhava ephezulu kuphela. Ngokuvamile imabula yayisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwayo. Izindonga zigobile kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, okwenza zibukeke ziqhuma. Kwakunezinhlobo ezi-2 zokugoba:

amabhomu (indlela evundlile);
inyoka (ukuqondisa okuqondile).

Ngaphandle kokuklanywa kwefenisha, izinto zokuhlobisa zazikhona kuzo zonke izindawo zayo. Imvamisa kwakukhona abakhiqizi aba-2 esifubeni samadilowa, imvamisa ngisho no-3. Umhlobiso osetshenzisiwe wenza ukuthi kube lula ukubenza bangabonakali. Ukufakwa kobumba, okwakulethwe ekuqaleni kusuka emazweni aseMpumalanga, kwakubukeka njengocezu olulodwa.

Ukududuza

Enye yezinto ezibalulekile zengaphakathi lesitayela seRococo itafula, futhi ikakhulukazi ikhonsoli. Awukwazi ukuzuza kuphela ngokusebenzisa le nsiza yefenisha. Lesi sitayela esenziwe isitayela sithathwa ngabaningi njengefenisha yokuhlobisa. Kodwa-ke, i-console yenza imisebenzi ebalulekile nethembekile yetafula, isisekelo, ishalofu lapho kungagcinwa khona ama-vase, izikhumbuzo, izigqoko nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo.

Itafula lekhonsoli lenza isimo esikhethekile ngaphakathi. Izinto eziningi eziwusizo nezihle zingabekwa ngokuvumelanayo lapha. Le fenisha yesitayela se-rococo yanamuhla ingena kunoma iliphi igumbi endlini. Ekamelweni lokuphumula, kusebenza njengetafula lesikhumbuzo, ephaseji - indawo yokugcina okhiye, izigqoko, ekamelweni - itafula lezimonyo noma lokugqoka.

Abantu abaningi basebenzisa ikhonsoli emi mahhala ukuhlela igumbi. Le nsiza igcwalisa ngokugcwele umsebenzi, yehluka kuphela ngobubanzi obuncane. Kungabekwa odongeni noma kutholakala eduze kosofa.

Ihhovisi

Ama-Rococo bureaus awathandwa kangako phakathi kwabathandi bakudala. Lolu uhlobo lwethebula elinesakhiwo esiphezulu. Ifenisha ende enesiphetho esilinganayo. Le yesimanjemanje ingeyehlobo lwefenisha elenziwa ngemisebenzi eminingi, njenge-secretaire, kuphela eyokugcina esebenza kangcono. Kepha ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane nokuqina, i-bureau izongena kahle ngaphakathi.

Osofa

Ifenisha yokuphumula neyokuhlala nayo ithathe isimo esihle nenethezekile. Izinhlobo ezintsha zemikhiqizo esebenzayo zenziwe ezifeza inhloso yazo yangempela. Phakathi kwabo, kufanelekile ukugqamisa ama-canapes osofa. Lokhu kungumkhiqizo wokusetshenziswa komuntu oyedwa, okwenziwe ngendlela yezihlalo ezintathu ezixhunywe komunye nomunye.

Izihlalo

AmaBergeres awathandwa kangako - izihlalo ezinokujula okwanele ezinama-armrests athambile agobile. Zibonakala ngokuphakama okukhulu emuva. Ukukhulisa ukunethezeka kokusetshenziswa, izihlalo ezihlukile zifakwe izingalo ezivuleke kakhulu. Uhlobo lwesihlalo sabakhubazekile "iMarquis" nalo aludumile kangako.

Ama-sun lounger

Ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaLouis XV, i-chaise longue yaba yifenisha eyintandokazi ngesitayela seRococo senkantolo yasebukhosini. Yenziwe ngomhlane oyindilinga, entofontofo ethambile, izingalo ezinethezekile, imilenze egobile, okuguqukayo. Imodeli ebizwa ngokuthi "i-duchess breeze" (i-duchess ephukile) ngesimo se-modular design enezihlalo ezimbili eziphendukelana kwaba yinto ethandwa kakhulu. Enye yezinguqulo zakhe yanezelwa ngesikhwama esiphakathi nendawo.

Kwezinye izinhlobo ezimbili zemodeli eyisisekelo, zonke izinto zahlanganiswa zaba yinye futhi zahlanganiswa nesihlalo sobukhosi nebhentshi, okusasetshenziswa kabanzi nanamuhla. Izinto ze-pagoda yamaShayina zazisetshenziswa ngabadwebi ukudala imibhede enezinhlaka ezine. Izinhlobo ezintsha ngokuphelele zamafomu ziyisici sesofa, izihlalo, izihlalo zokuvikela ilanga.

Umenzi wefenisha odumile waseRococo uThomas Chippendale udale izihlalo ngendlela yevayolini nevazi elicwengiweyo futhi elihlukaniswe ngamajika alo. Kumabhokisi ezincwadi, wasebenzisa i-diamond mesh glazing.

Umbala we-color

Isikimu sombala we-rococo sigcwele izinto zegolide. Zisetshenziselwa ukugqamisa izinto eziyinhloko zokwakha. Kwesinye isikhathi kushintshwa kube upende wegolide. Izizinda zangaphakathi ziqokonyiswa ngemibala ye-pastel. Kukhona imikhiqizo kakhilimu, oluhlaza okotshani, obomvana. Bakha inhlanganisela ehambisanayo nezinkuni ezinsundu. Umhlobiso wenziwa ngemithunzi egcwele kakhulu, kanye nethoni "pompadour" (ithoni ehambisana ne-Sevres porcelain).

Izinto ezisetshenzisiwe

Lapho kwenziwa izinto zefenisha, ukulinganisa nokuzimela kwezingxenye kuyanqatshwa. Kubonakala sengathi zithathwa yivolumu ephelele yezinto. Ukubaza izinkuni zeRococo akuvamile ukusetshenziswa njengomhlobiso. Ishintshwe ngempumelelo ngokumbondelana ngethusi. Kwesinye isikhathi yonke ifenisha iphathwa ngama-varnishi anemibala, esikhundleni se-veneer ngayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usebenzisa okubekiwe noma okuqoshiwe okuqoshiwe, uyihlobise.

Kwifenisha yokumboza, izinhlobo ezilula zokhuni zisetshenzisiwe, lapho kwenziwa khona izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo ezikhanyayo ezilethwe eYurophu. Ethandwa kakhulu izihlahla, amaranths, rosewoods nezinye izinhlobo. Ngokuqondene nezihlahla ezikhuliswa eYurophu, kukhethwa kuqala ulamula, amapheya, amantongomane, amabalazwe, nezihlahla zama-apula. Izingcweti zaseFrance azivamile ukwenza ukucubungula ngokudaya noma ukushisa, zikhetha izithunzi zemvelo zokhuni.

Imibhede yensimbi iyathandwa, kanye nezinye izinto ezenziwe ngemabula, ngethusi, ngetambo, ngegolide.

Izindwangu ezinhle ezisetshenziselwa ukuqeda ifenisha ephakanyisiwe ziyehluka zombili izici zombala nakuhlobo lwephethini. Kwabanye, basebenzisa okokufaka okukhethekile okulingana kahle ngaphakathi: i-brocade, i-velvet, i-satin, i-brocade, usilika.

Ungena kanjani ngaphakathi

Ukuze kuhlelwe ifenisha kahle, amaqembu ayakhiwa, aqukethe itafula, usofa, izihlalo eziningana, ukwakha izikhungo lapho umphakathi uzohlangana khona. Ukubukeka okuhambisanayo ngaphakathi kwesifuba samadilowa, unobhala, ibhokisi lamakhadibhodi. Isofa elinobukhulu obuhlangene elinomhlane ogobile kanye nemilenze egobile enesitayela izongena kahle ngaphakathi kwehhovisi, igumbi lokuhlala, igumbi lokulala.

Ifenisha ephakanyisiwe yeRococo kufanele ikhethwe ngosilika noma okokufaka satin ngemihlobiso yezimila nokusonteka. Futhi ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu kuvela kwimikhiqizo yezinkuni.

Kusetshenziswa umbhede obanzi, kanokusho ekamelweni lokulala, ekhanda lawo kunamaphethini ezimbali, ama-rocailles. Kufanele kube nesibuko esikhulu, ifreyimu yaso enezakhiwo ezisontekile, itafula lokugqoka elenziwe nge-satin ethambile, izihlalo zezingalo, ama-canapes amancane. Kusetshenziswa umpheme kanokusho ukuhlobisa umbhede ophakanyiswe endaweni yesikhulumi. Ama-color shades kufanele abe yithoni eyodwa; umehluko awuhlinzekelwa lapho kwenziwa ingaphakathi leRococo.

Izithombe eziningi zomklamo weRococo zingumbono ongavamile. Zingasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwangaphakathi okuzimele, ngoba isitayela esifaka ukunethezeka ngemibala emnene ye-pastel siyathandeka kakhulu. Igcwele amanothi omlando ngokusetshenziswa kwezinto zesimanje, izosebenza njengesikhuthazo sokwakha ingaphakathi eliyingqayizivele lefulethi noma indlu yezwe.