Izindlela zokukhetha izingubo zokugqoka zesikole, ukubuyekezwa kwamamodeli

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Amakilasi anamuhla ezikoleni zaseRussia afakwe ngokuya ngamazinga wombuso wohlelo lwemfundo. Lapha kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke ubukhulu bekamelo, ukutholakala kwesikhala samahhala, inhloso yekilasi nezinye izindlela. Ngaphezu kwamadeski, amatafula okubekwa kuwo uthisha nabafundi, kuyadingeka nenye ifenisha. Yikhabethe lesikole elingafaka izinto zokwenziwa, izincwadi zokubhala zezingane, omagazini bekilasi, ilabhorethri, izinto zokubhala, imiklomelo evela emincintiswaneni, izinto zokubonisa. Ukulungiswa okuningi, impahla efanelekile, ubukhulu namanye amapharamitha ahlukanisa lolu hlobo lwefenisha kusuka kwamanye amakhabethe asendlini.

Ukuqokwa

Amakhabethe esikole afeza izinhloso eziningi. Leli akulona ikhabethe lasekhaya elilula lapho izinto zigcinwa khona. Konke kufanele kusatshalaliswe ngokucacile lapha, isitaki ngasinye sezincwadi zokubhalela sihlukaniswe nenye. Ijenali ngayinye yekilasi kufanele ibe sesigabeni esehlukile, nezincwadi zebanga lesihlanu kufanele zitholakale ngokuhlukile emabhukwini abafundi bezikole eziphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhabethe lezingubo noma i-rack nayo ithwala umsebenzi wokubonisa.

Ikhabethe lesikole lingaba nezinhloso eziningana:

ukukhonjiswa kwempahla yombukiso - izincwadi ezimibalabala, ama-encyclopedia, izinto zomlando wesikole, kanye neminye imiboniso ekhangayo ekhonjiswe ngezinjongo zemfundo;
ukugcinwa kwezinsiza kufundisa - amakhabethe ajwayelekile anamashalofu neminyango;
ukubekwa kwemisebenzi yezandla ehlukahlukene yabafundi besikole sabaqalayo - amashalofu avulekile amakhabethe, izigaba ezineminyango yengilazi esobala yombukiso wezimpumelelo zabafundi nezemidlalo;
ukugcinwa kwezingubo zangaphandle zabafundi nothisha - izingubo zokugqoka egumbini likathisha, izingubo zokugqoka zabafundi;
ukwabiwa kwamajenali ekilasi nezincwadi zokuzivocavoca ngezigaba ezihlukene - ukuze kube lula nokushesha kosesho;
ukugcinwa kwama-reagents amakhemikhali, izimpahla zaselabhorethri - ikhabethe noma itshe lomgwaqo elinetafula ekhemistri, ekonga impilo noma egumbini lebhayoloji kufanele likhiywe ngengidi evikelekile. Ukuhlomisa ifenisha enjalo ngezindlela ezikhethekile zokukhiya kuyimpoqo uma kuziwa ezinganeni. Ama-reagents, izikhali zokubonisa, amakhemikhali nezinye izinto eziyingozi kumele zigcinwe endaweni ephephile.

Isiqukathi somtapo wolwazi wasekilasini nezinye izinto zezingane zesikole zingaba nokuhlelwa okuhlukahlukene. Zonke izinto zingahlanganiswa ngokuhlukile noma zenze ukuhlangana kwe-monolithic.

Izinhlobonhlobo

Ngokuya ngenhloso nendawo yefenisha, kukhethwa uhlobo olufanele lwekhabethe:

Ama-racks - amashalofu anezitezi eziningi, abekwe ezinqoleni zamapulangwe noma zensimbi. Bangaba nodonga lwangemuva, kepha abanye abanalo. Uhlobo lwesibili lokubeka amashalofu kulula ukulugcina, ngokwesibonelo, amabhodlela elebhu, amabhodlela, ama-reagents nezinye izinto egumbini lamakhemikhali. Udonga lwangemuva lwe-rack lusebenza njengezitendi zezincwadi, ama-albhamu, izincwadi zokubhalela, njll. Amakhabethe anjalo avulekile asetshenziswa kakhulu emitatsheni yezincwadi ukubeka izincwadi. Amashalofu eselula kumasondo alula kakhulu;
i-mezzanine - ingafakwa ngenhla njengengxenye eyengeziwe kwikhabethe enkulu, noma ungakhetha imodeli nge-mezzanine eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Izinto ezingasetshenziswa kakhulu zibekwa lapho;
izindonga - amamojula asele enziwe noma aqinile anamashalofu amaningi. Ifanele okokufundisa, izinto zokubonisa, ukugcina kanye nombukiso wemiklomelo, kanye nemisebenzi yezandla ezahlukahlukene;
amakhabethe avaliwe anamashalofu - okusetshenziswa nsuku zonke, ukugcinwa kwezincwadi zemfundo nezincwadi zokubhalela zabafundi;
amakhabethe avulekile anamashalofu - cishe udonga olufanayo, angahlanganiswa namamojula okhiywayo;
amakhabethe anezicabha zengilazi - okubizwa ngokuthi yimibukiso. Kubekwe kumafoyila, amakilasi, amakamelo okuhlangana;
izingubo zokugqoka - ezifakwe emagumbini othisha, amanye amakilasi okufundela othisha nabasebenzi. Ngaphakathi kwekhabethe, kufanele kube khona ibha yama-hanger anezingubo zangaphandle, izingwegwe eziningana, amashalofu wezicathulo nezigqoko;
isisekelo samatafula angaphansi kwebhodi - icompact design enomnyango onezintambo. Bafaka amabalazwe, amatafula amakhulu, izingqwembe lapho;
amakhabethe okusetshenziswa - angasetshenziselwa ukugcina izimpahla zikathisha, izinto zokuhlanza, kanye nezinye izinto (amaglobhu, amamephu, ama-microscopes, izimpahla zikashoki, omaka, izindwangu kanye nezipanji zebhodi elimnyama);
ukusekelwa kwezinsizakusebenza zokufundisa ezobuchwepheshe (i-TCO) - itshe elijikayo kuhlaka olwenziwe ngamapayipi ayindilinga noma ayisikwele. Ngenhla kwekhabethe elingezansi (elineminyango noma elingenazo izicabha) kunetafula phezulu lokufaka i-projector, i-TV. Kwesinye isikhathi amashalofu esitezi esingezansi angalungiswa ngobude. Isakhiwo sonke sihamba, amasondo aqondiswe emilenzeni;
izingubo zokugqoka zasekhabethe - iqembu elihlukile lefenisha eklanyelwe izingubo zabafundi kuphela. Ezikhungweni eziningi zemfundo, ifenisha yesikole enjalo, izingubo zokugqoka ezenziwe ngensimbi, kuthathwa njengokungajwayelekile ezikoleni eziningi, basathanda amakamelo okugqoka amancane ajwayelekile kusukela ezikhathini zaseSoviet. Izakhiwo ezinjalo ziyizinsimbi zensimbi okugxilwe kuzo udonga olulula lwamapulangwe, futhi kukho izingwegwe eziningi. Leli gumbi lokushintsha lingenziwa kuphela ngensimbi. Ngokuqondene nezingubo zokugqoka zesimanje nezingajwayelekile zesikole somfundi waseRussia, abamele izinsimbi basebenza kahle kakhulu ngokuphepha. Yize kudingeka isikhala esithe xaxa sokubanikeza, ngasikhathi sinye, asikho isidingo sokuhlala uphethe izicathulo eziguqukayo, ukudla kwasekuseni, ezinye izincwadi, njll.

Zonke izinhlobonhlobo zamakhabethe ezikole zizohlala zithola uhlelo lokusebenza empilweni yemfundo yansuku zonke.

Kuvaliwe

Vula

Ingilazi

Udonga

Ezomnotho

Engene ekamelweni lokhiya

Okwamatafula

Nge-mezzanine

Umugqa

Yiziphi izinto ezingcono

Ngokwemvelo, uma kukhulunywa ngezingane, igama elithi "ubungani bemvelo" lifika engqondweni yakho kuqala uma ucabanga ngefenisha. Izikhungo zomphakathi nezemfundo zezingane kufanele zigcwaliswe kuphela ngefenisha eyenziwe ngezinto eziphephile nezendalo. Vele, isabelomali sikamasipala ngeke sikwazi ukukhokhela amakhabethe esikole enziwe ngokhuni oluqinile lohlobo oluyigugu, kepha izinto zemvelo ezicutshungulwe ngokukhethekile zisekhona, imikhiqizo engabizi futhi esefomethi.

Izinto ezivame kakhulu zekhabhinethi namuhla yilezi:

Chipboard - chipboard. Kuyinhlanganisela eyenziwe ngokushiswa ngokucindezela okushisayo kanye ne-sawdust ngokufakwa kwama-resin e-formaldehyde wokubopha. Izinto ezilula nezisindayo zamakhabethe anezindleko eziphansi kakhulu;
I-chipboard - i-chipboard enamathele, okusho ukuthi, embozwe ifilimu ekhethekile ye-polymer eyenziwe ngephepha, futhi ukuthola amandla amakhulu ikhuleliswe nge-melamine resin. Ngokungafani ne-chipboard, le nto ayinamanzi kakhulu, ayizwani nokugqoka, ayikwesabi ukushisa. Udonga, ikhabethe elinetafula le-chipboard lizosukuma ngisho nasekhishini nakwelinye igumbi elishisayo, elinomswakama;
i-plywood - amakhabethe awenziwe ngokuphelele ngawo. Udonga lweplywood lucacile, luyakhanya, luzibolekisa kahle kuzipikili nezikulufo zokuzicofa. Njengoba ingabonakali ngemuva kwengaphambili, udonga lwangemuva lungenziwa ngezinto ezinjalo, kuyonga impela;
izinkuni eziqinile - izingxenye ezihlanganisiwe zesiqu sanoma yiziphi izinhlobo zezinkuni. Kubaluleke ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngakho-ke izindleko ziphakeme kakhulu. Ukucubungula okunekhono kuzokuvumela ukuthi usebenzise umkhiqizo onjalo iminyaka eminingi. Ngeshwa, ezikoleni eziningi isabelomali asikuvumeli ukuthenga ifenisha eyenziwe ngale nto.

Izindlela zesimanje zokucubungula lezi zinto zivumela ukonga okuphawulekayo. Ngakho-ke, ikhabethe eliqinile noma ihedisethi ephelele ekilasini lesikole lizobiza inani elilinganiselwe, futhi lizosebenza isikhathi eside. Mhlawumbe, izizukulwane eziningana zabafundi zizohlangana nale fenisha.

Izinkuni

I-Metallic

Ingilazi

Chipboard

Izidingo zomkhiqizo

Ifenisha ngayinye ebekwe ekilasini kumele ihlangabezane namazinga athile. Izikhiya zesikole zihlangabezana nezimfuneko ezithile zomthetho. Imikhuba evame ukwenziwa iphishekela imigomo ethile, futhi ukuphambuka kuyo kubandakanya ukujeziswa okufanele.

Imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi noma ephansi ethengwe ngemali ephansi kungenzeka ibe namaphutha athile kwezobuchwepheshe noma kwekhwalithi. Le ndlela yokonga ingagcwala ukulimala hhayi kuphela ifenisha uqobo, kodwa futhi nomonakalo empilweni yomuntu.

Ngakho-ke, imigomo ebophezelekile yokuhlomisa amakilasi esikole, futhi ngokufanele, ukwakhiwa kwanoma yiliphi ikhabethe lesikole kuzoba ngale ndlela elandelayo:

ukuphepha - noma isiphi isakhiwo esihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ngumphakathi futhi hhayi kuphela kufanele siphephe. Isigaba seminyaka yezingane zesikole ezisencane nangaphezulu asisho ukungabi bikho ngokuphelele kwamakhona abukhali. Izingane sezivele sezikhulile, lokhu akunakwenzeka, ifenisha enjalo ibiza kakhulu ngenxa yesidingo sokucutshungulwa okwengeziwe kwezingxenye. Noma kunjalo, izidingo ezithile kusamele zihlangatshezwe. Lapha sisho umhlangano ononembeza, ukucutshungulwa kwezingxenye, ukungabi bikho kwezingxenye ezibukhali, umzimba oqinile ongeke uqhekeke, uwe, ubungozi bokutshala imbenge;
ububanzi - ukusebenza okubanzi, ukwakheka kwe-ergonomic kuzokuvumela ukuthi ubeke ikhabethe elibanzi endaweni esatshalaliswe ngokuphelele yehhovisi lesikole. Kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa isethi ye-modular yezingxenye eziningana, efaneleke kakhulu kwikhabhinethi ethile;
ukwethembeka - umhlangano osezingeni eliphakeme kumele uqinisekise ukuthi ayikho ingozi yokulimala, ngoba sikhuluma ngezingane. Izindlela eziqinile, izibopho ezinokwethenjelwa, amahinji, izibambo, izikulufo zokuzishaya, izindlela zokuhambisa - konke kufanele kusebenze ngokushelelayo nangokushelela;
ubungani bemvelo - lapho uthenga amakhabethe, amahedisethi wezindawo zokunakekela izingane, kungcono ukukhetha izinto ezakhiwe ngokhuni kunalezo zepulasitiki. Insimbi nayo ngeke ihlale ilungile, kepha i-chipboard, i-fiberboard, i-chipboard elaminishwe izokwenza kahle. Njengomthetho, lapho kusetshenzwa emaphethelweni amashalofu neminyango kumakhabethe, kusetshenziswa umphetho we-PVC, futhi izibambo nezinye izesekeli zenziwe ngepulasitiki noma ngensimbi;
ukuheha - ungakhohlwa mayelana nokucaciswa kwendawo lapho ifenisha ikhona. Kumfundi, into enjalo akufanele ibe yisiphazamiso, kepha kufanele ingene ngokuvumelanayo ngaphakathi ngaphakathi, ibukeke kahle. Ukungabikho kwemihuzuko, amabala, imihuzuko, imibhalo engeyinhle, ubukhona bazo zonke izinto zokuhlobisa, ukungabikho komonakalo obonakalayo obonakalayo - konke lokhu kuhlangabezana nale mfuneko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ukwakheka kwefenisha okujwayelekile: udonga kufanele luhlanganiswe netafula, izihlalo namadeski ngekhabethe;
ukusebenziseka kalula - ukuhlomisa amakhabethe namadilowa anezivalo zeminyango, amashalofu angeziwe, izingxenye, abaphathi, izingwegwe, izibambo ezikahle, nezinye izesekeli kwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula, kunciphise isikhathi esichithwa ekutholeni into efanele. Kwesinye isikhathi itafula noma ishalofu eliseceleni kombhede wesikole lidinga ukuhamba, lapho-ke kunengqondo ukulihlomisa ngamasondo. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhambisa ifenisha phakathi kwamakilasi, ukuhlela imiboniso yezinto ezisetshenziswayo, izinsiza emihlanganweni yesikole yonke noma embukisweni endaweni yokwamukela izivakashi. Ukuma kwemishini yevidiyo nama-projektha kufanele futhi kube yiselula ukuze kube lula ukulungisa nokunyakaza phakathi kwamahholo, ngakho-ke ukuwahlinzeka ngamasondo nakho kuyalulekwa.

Ngokuqondene nokuhlanganiswa kombala, konke kusezingeni elijwayelekile lapha: beige, brown, light, tones neutral. Imvamisa ifenisha yesikole yenziwa ngamathoni okhuni emvelo, kepha amasethi akhanyayo aya ngokuya ehlelelwa amabanga aphansi. Ifenisha ensembles, eyenziwe ngemibala egqamile, ihlanganiswe nezingubo zokugqoka ezinemibala, amadeski, ihlukanisa ingaphakathi lesikole futhi ivumele izingane zesikole ezisencane ukuthi zibone inqubo yokufunda kalula. Isimo esinjalo sizokhulula ngisho uthisha.