Yiziphi izinambuzane eziyingozi kuma-cyclamen: indlela yokulwa nazo nokuvikela izifo
I-cyclamen isitshalo esivela kuhlobo lwezinhlobo ezikhula isikhathi eside ze-herbaceous zomndeni wakwaMirsinov. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngamashumi amabili kuhlobo lohlobo. Ngokwemvelo, ihlala eMedithera, eNyakatho-Mpumalanga ye-Afrika, e-Iran naseTurkey. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wokuzalanisa, ezinye izinhlobo zikhuliswa efasiteleni, kuvulandi nase-loggia.
Abakwa-Florists bathenga i-cyclamen yasendlini ukusebenzisa ujusi wayo ukwelapha i-sinusitis. Kwesinye isikhathi uyafa engakabi nesikhathi sokunikeza ujusi, futhi ngenxa yezilokazane. Ake sithole ukuthi yiziphi izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokubhekana nazo.
Siyini lesi sitshalo?
I-cyclamen inesimo sezimpande esithakazelisayo. Yisigaxa esiyisicaba sesimo esiyindilinga esifanele. Ububanzi bayo bungu-15 cm. Kunendawo eyodwa kuphela yokukhula kuyo, hhayi amaningana, njengezinye izitshalo zasendlini. Ungawahlukanisa kanjani amaqabunga? Zinesikhumba, ziyisisekelo futhi zimise okwenhliziyo. Zikhula kuma-petioles, ubude obungamasentimitha angama-30. Umbala wamaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani, kanti iphethini kuwo ingwevu-mpunga.
Lapho kuqhakaza i-cyclamen, amahlumela efomu lokuqala ayavuleka. Ngasohlangothini kubonakala sengathi izimvemvane eziyinqaba zihlala phezu kwamaqabunga kuma-peduncles. Kungani lo mbono? Ngoba amabhuthi akhonjisiwe futhi agoqiwe emuva. Banesimo semiphetho. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-cyclamen, izimbali zingaba nsomi, zibomvu futhi zibe yi-burgundy. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza yizinyanga ezintathu.
Ukunakwa! Yize abanye abalimi bebheka i-cyclamen njengengabalulekile, empeleni akunjalo. Kubalulekile ukulandela ezinye zezidingo zokunakekelwa, futhi ngeke kube yinkinga.
Izimbangela zezifo
Kungani ama-cyclamens egula:
- Umoya wasendlini omile ngokweqile.
- Inhlabathi egcwele amanzi embizeni (ungathola ukuthi ungayisindisa kanjani i-cyclamen egcwele amanzi lapha).
- Ukushisa okuphezulu komoya efulethini.
- Inhlabathi ekhethwe ngokungalungile.
- Ukunisela lapho kungadingeki.
- Ukungabikho kwelanga.
Incazelo, isithombe nezindlela zokwelashwa
Ngokuvamile, abalimi bezimbali babhekana nezinhlobo ezintathu zezinambuzane lapho bekhula ama-cyclamens. Zithinteka yi-aphid, thrips, imikhaza ye-cyclamen. Ngabe kunzima ukuzisusa?
I-Aphid
Ama-aphid ayizinambuzane ezicasulayo kakhulu... Ukuphela kwento ngisho nabaqalayo abaphatha kalula lapho evela ukulwa naye. Into esemqoka ukuthatha isinyathelo lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zomonakalo. Lesi sinambuzane simunca ujusi, sidale ukulimala ngokushesha nomonakalo wesikhathi eside. Ngemuva kokudlula ukunqwabelana kwama-aphid emaqabungeni nasezifubeni, ngemuva kokuthatha izinyathelo nangokuqhakaza okulandelayo, akumangazi ukwakheka okungafani kwezimbali. Isinambuzane esincane esingenamaphiko esinobude bomzimba obungu-1.4-2.5 mm simunca ubisi ezicutshini ezithambile ze-cyclamen.
Inkomba! Kulula ukuqonda ukuthi i-cyclamen iyathinteka ngama-aphid. Lesi sitshalo siyeke ukukhula, kanti amaqabunga asonga. Uma ubhekisisa kahle, ungabona izikhumba ezilahlwe yizinambuzane ezincibilikisayo. Zifana nenkwethu ezinweleni zakho.
Ukuze unqobe ama-aphid, thatha i-swab kakotini efakwe ku-Aktara, Corado noma Commander we-insect. Ngemuva kwalokhu kwelashwa, isitshalo siniselwa kakhulu kusuka eshaweni ngomfudlana oqinile wamanzi.
Isihlangu
Esinye isifo esilimaza kakhulu i-cyclamen yisinambuzane esikala... Lesi sinambuzane singesomndeni wakwaPseudococcid.
Okubalulekile! Ukungaboni inambuzane ngeziqu namaqabunga ngesikhathi, abamangali ngokufa kwembali ngemuva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwamabili.
Abantu abadala, ababonakala njengamabala amnyama emaqabungeni naseziqu, bavame ukunganyakazi. Izibungu kuphela ezingena phezu kwembali, zilimaze yonke indawo.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukwelashwa ngesixazululo sokubulala izinambuzane akulethi umphumela oyifunayo. Umlimi wezimbali uzama futhi asuse izinambuzane ezincane ezicasulayo ngomzimba ongu-5 mm kusuka ku-flap nge-swab enomswakama, kuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana ziphinde zivele. Iqiniso ukuthi amaduna amadala anamaphiko. Lapho nje bezwa ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, bazomane bandizele kwelinye ihlathi. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okuphindaphindiwe ngezixazululo ze-Actellik ne-Aktar ngezikhathi zamasonto amabili noma ngenyanga, kanti imbali egulayo ihlukanisiwe nabanye.
Ama-Thrips
Esinye isinambuzane esibuhlungu yi-thrips. Abantu ngabanye 2 mm ubude bathanda amaqabunga. Ngenxa yamaphiko abo, zindiza zisuka kwelinye iqabunga ziye kwelinye, zisishabalalisa ngokushesha lesi sitshalo. Abasebenza ngezimbali kufanele bathathe isinyathelo kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga eyizigaxa zesiliva kuphela... Lapho-ke imiphumela izokuba mibi ngokwengeziwe: ukubambezeleka kokukhula, amabala ezimbalini nasekuguqukeni kwawo.
Inkomba! Kungani kuvela ama-thrips? Zithandwa yisimo sezulu esishisayo esihambisana nomswakama omncane womoya.
Uma i-microclimate efulethini ingashintshiwe, ama-cyclamen azofa ngemuva kokuvela kwamabala ezimbali, nezimfihlo ezimnyama ezinamathelayo emaqabungeni.
ITrips yisinambuzane okulula ukusivimba kunokuma. Ukugcina umswakama oyifunayo, ukufafaza okuvela ebhodleleni lokufafaza noma iziqukathi zamanzi, ezibekwe eduze nebhodwe le-cyclamen, usizo. Ekulweni nezinambuzane, kusetshenziswa amateyipu okugibeza kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane i-Akarin, Arrivo ne-Apache.
Lapho ucubungula izitshalo zasendlini, i-Akarin ihlanjululwa kanjena: 5 ml ampoule nomuthi ngengxenye yelitha lamanzi. Kuyasebenza uma izinga lokushisa kwekamelo lingu- + 18-20⁰С. Ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, baphinde baphathwa kabusha ngokumelene ne-thrips ukuze baqinise imiphumela..
Cyclamen izimbuzane
Kunzima ukususa umkhaza we-cyclamen uma ukhethe i-cyclamen. Isizathu silula: iqiniso ukuthi lesi sinambuzane sincane kakhulu, sibukeka njengothuli, hhayi njengesitha esibi. Lo mbono uyiphutha.
Umuntu omdala uyisongo empilweni yesitshalo. Akukho okubi okuncane okwenziwa yizibungu, ezimunca wonke amandla aphuma kuzo ngeziphuzo ezinomsoco.
Musa ukudida ama-cyclamen nezibungu zesicabucabu, owesibili angahlukaniswa ngeso lenyama. I-cyclamen ingabonakala kahle kuphela ngokukhulisa okunamandla.
Inkomba! Abalimi bezimbali baseNewbie bacabanga ukuthi umkhaza we-cyclamen uthinta kuphela i-cyclamen. Lokhu akulona iqiniso. Kulimaza ama-azalea, ama-fuchsias, ibhalsamu, iKalanchoe, njll.
Imane itholwe sekwephuze kakhulu, lapho okuthile kungenakwenziwa ukulwa nalesi silokazane. Ungaqonda kanjani ukuthi isitshalo siyagula?
ICyclamen mite ivela uma izinga lokushisa kwegumbi liphezulu... Ekuqaleni, kuvela ingubo enothuli ezingxenyeni zesitshalo, ebonakala emaphethweni amahlamvu amancane, amahlumela eziqhakazayo nezindawo zokukhula ze-apical. Ngenxa yokwehlulwa okubanzi kwazo zonke izingxenye, i-cyclamen iyeka ukukhula, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi agobe. Imikhaza yanda ngokushesha: ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu kuzovela isizukulwane esisha, esizoqala ukubhubhisa izingxenye ezingakonakaliswa.
Ukubona izimpawu zomonakalo we-cyclamen ngomkhaza, bawuhlukanisa ngokushesha nezinye izitshalo zasendlini. Abanye abalimi balwa nayo ngokufaka ibhodwe ngayo emanzini ashisayo imizuzu eyi-15. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, zonke izingxenye ezithintekile ziyasuswa. Ngemuva kokwenza ubuqili obunjalo nge-cyclamen, ibhodwe liyasuswa liye endaweni enethunzi futhi ligcinwe kulo izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi lapho imbali icwiliswe khona lingu-45⁰С... Kufanele ingashintshi imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu.
Ukuvimbela
Izitshalo zasendlini kunzima ukuzelapha. Ukuvimbela ukuthi imbali ingafi, kungakuhle ukuthi uvimbele izifo ze-cyclamen. Futhi, okuningi kuya ngokuthi ukuthenge kuphi. Uma kusuka ezandleni, kungenzeka ukuthi amaqabunga, iziqu nezimbali kuthinteka yi-aphid ne-thrips. Azikaze zephule izimo zokunakekelwa ezinconyiwe, ngoba noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kugcwele ukubonakala kwezinambuzane.
Hlola isitshalo nsuku zonke... Ungaphuthelwa iqabunga elilodwa noma imbali ngenkathi uhlola ngengilazi yokukhulisa. Uma bethola izindawo ezingaziwa, bayamhlukanisa nabanye bese beqala ukuthatha izinyathelo zokunqoba lesi sifo. Kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nokwelashwa ngezibulala-zinambuzane akusibhubhisi isilokazane okokuqala. Ngabe akulula ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela?
Ukunakwa! Ukuvimbela izinambuzane ukuthi zingaveli, inhlabathi iyahlanzwa futhi ishunqiswe ngaphambi kokufaka i-cyclamen. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, iphathwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
Kufanele iquleke futhi ibomvana kancane ngombala. I-Potassium permanganate iyindlela ephumelelayo yokulwa nokutheleleka kwamagciwane kanye nefungal. Ungahlali ufaka umanyolo we-nitrogen, owehlisa ukuvikeleka kwe-cyclamen.
Siphakamisa ukuthi sifunde ngezinye izinkinga lapho sikhula i-cyclamen, ikakhulukazi ngokumele sikwenze uma sibuna noma soma. Futhi ungathola ukuthi ungasivuselela kanjani isitshalo esifa ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene lapha.
Isiphetho
UCyclamen, onezimbali ezikhanyayo kuma-peduncle amade aqhuma ekujuleni kwamaqabunga, kuyaqabukela agule. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, abatshali bezimbali abazi inkinga ngayo. Udinga nje ukususa amaqabunga afike ngesikhathi, okuwumthombo wezifo, ukubola nokusabalala kwezinambuzane. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ungagcini ngokweqile noma wome ngokweqile inhlabathi yokubumba.