Ngabe uphupha utshala izimbali ezinhle? Konke mayelana nokukhula kwe-cyclamen ekhaya nokunakekela

ICyclamen yimbali ekhanyayo yasendlini, ejabulisa ngokubukeka okumnandi nephunga elikhanyayo.

Isici esiyinhloko salesi sitshalo siqhakaza ebusika, lapho izimbali eziningi zasendlini zingasebenzi.

Enye inzuzo ye-cyclamen ibhekwa njengezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuzalela, phakathi kwazo ezifanele abaqalayo nabahloli bezimbali abanolwazi. Sifunda endatshaneni yethu ubunzima bokukhula kwe-cyclamen ekhaya.

Incazelo

ICyclamen umuthi ongapheli ohlobene nesifo sofuba. Amaqabunga ayakheke njengenhliziyo, aluhlaza okomnyama ngombala nezinhlobonhlobo zamaphethini ompunga noma esiliva. Izimbali zitholakala kuma-peduncles aphakeme ngaphezu kwamahlamvu, umbala wezimbali ukhanya, kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemibala, kusuka kokumhlophe kuya kokukhanyayo okukhanyayo.

Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwezimbali, i-cyclamen ingagcini ngokuchitha izimbali ezomile kuphela, kepha futhi ishiya amaqabunga, ingene endaweni yokuphumula (ukuthola imininingwane yokuthi izimbali ze-cyclamen zihlala isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi zinganakekelwa kanjani imbali ngaphambi nangemva kokuba isiqhakazile, funda lapha) ... Izimpande ziyizigaxa ezisicaba ezinobubanzi obungu-5 cm, kepha izimpande zabamele ngamanye zingafinyelela ku-15 cm.

Inkomba! ICyclamen ibizwa nangokuthi "i-alpine violet", ingeyomndeni wakwaPrimroses. Abamele zasendle balesi sitshalo batholakala eYurophu Ephakathi, eMedithera, eTurkey nase-Iran.

Ungakhula kanjani?

Ukukhula okuphumelelayo nokuthuthuka kwe-cyclamen, kubalulekile ukwazi izici zokuthi ingakhula kanjani. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele kudalwe izimo ezikahle kakhulu, ezisondelene nendawo yemvelo yalesi sitshalo. Izimo ezidingekayo ekuphumeni kwezimbali zimi kanje:

• i-cyclamen isitshalo esithanda amakhaza. Le mbali ayikubekezeleli ukushisa kahle, izinga lokushisa elikhulu lisuka ku- +14 kuye ku- +16 degrees. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ekushiseni okungaphezulu kuka- +25 degrees kungaholela ekufeni kwesitshalo;
• imbali idinga ukukhanya okusakazekile, ilanga eliqondile elishisayo liyingozi emaqabungeni;
• igumbi eline-cyclamen kumele libe nomoya njalo, ngenkathi kugwenywa ukubukeka kwezinhlaka;
• ngenkathi yokushisa, akunconywa ukubeka izimbiza ngesitshalo eduze kwebhethri noma ama-heater;
• ukuchelela i-cyclamen kufanele kube ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuqongelela umswakama enhlabathini akufanele kuvunyelwe;
• ukufafaza i-cyclamen akudingeki;
• ukweqiwa kwamaminerali emhlabathini nakho kulimaza isitshalo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukugcina ngokuqinile umthamo womanyolo.

Ungazala kanjani?

Izindlela eziningana zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-cyclamen ekhaya. Lesi sitshalo singakhula kusuka kwimbewu, futhi ngosizo lwezilimo eziyizigaxa zezindodakazi, izinsana noma i-cyclamen rosettes.

Imbewu

Abalimi abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi ungatshala kanjani imbali nembewu? Ngakho-ke, le ndlela idinga ukucatshangelwa ngokuningiliziwe.

Imvamisa, imbewu iyathengwa ezitolo zezimbali. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi aluphelile... Imbewu yeCcylamen ingagcinwa isikhathi esiyiminyaka emi-2 kusukela osukwini lokukhiqizwa. Bheka ubuqotho bepakethe.

Ukunakwa! Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi imbewu esezingeni eliphakeme yilezo ezigcine ukwakheka okuhlangene. Ukwephulwa kwesimo esisodwa noma eziningi kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi imbewu kungenzeka ingahlumi.

Ukuthola imbewu ekhaya, isitshalo esingumama sidinga impova yokufakelwa. Ukwenza lokhu, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwe-cyclamen, kusetshenziswa ibhulashi, impova idluliswa isuka kwenye imbali iye kwenye. Impova inconywa esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ngaphambi kokudla kwasemini. Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle, impova iyaphindwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3. Lapho ukuqhakaza sekuphelile, imbewu ingaqoqwa.

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuhlwanyela, imbewu kufanele ilungiswe. Ukwenza lokhu, zifakwa izinsuku ezi-3 emanzini abandayo noma zigcinwe kusisombululo esibuthakathaka sama-manganese. Esikhundleni se-potassium permanganate, ungasebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile, isibonelo, "Epin" noma "Zircon".

Ukwehla kwenziwa ngeziqukathi zepulasitiki ezinezimbobo zokuhambisa amanzi ezansi. Ungqimba lwamanzi kusuka kumatshana amancane noma ubumba olunwetshiwe lubekwe ngaphakathi, ukushuba komsele akufanele kudlule u-2 cm.

Kusuka ngenhla, isitsha sigcwele inhlabathi ekhethekile elungiselelwe ngenhlanganisela yomhlaba onamaqabunga ne-peat ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo. Ubukhulu benhlabathi bungu-5 kuya ku-7 cm. Ngemuva kwalokho, inhlabathi iswakanyiswe futhi itshalwe ngenye yalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:

• ama-grooves afinyelela ku-1 cm ukujula enziwa emhlabathini, lapho kuhlwanyelwa khona imbewu;
• imbewu ibekwa phezu kwenhlabathi esitsheni, ngemuva kwalokho ifafazwe ungqimba lomhlaba, ubukhulu bayo obungeqile ku-2 cm.

Lapho utshala, ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu kufanele libe okungenani ama-3-5 cm.

Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, iziqukathi zimbozwa ngocwecwe futhi zigcinwe ezingeni lokushisa lama-20 degrees. Cishe emva kwenyanga, imbewu iqala ukuhluma.

Ngokuhlukanisa i-tuber

Le ndlela isetshenziselwa izitshalo ezifile futhi zangena esikhathini sokulala. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu zezimbali ezindala:

1. Isigaxa siyasuswa emhlabathini futhi somiswe ngokucophelela ukuze kususwe izinsalela zomswakama.
2. Ngommese obukhali, impande iyasikwa ukuze kube nezimpande ezimbalwa kanye namahlumela engxenyeni ngayinye, futhi indawo esikiwe incane ngangokunokwenzeka. Esigabeni esisodwa, kuvunyelwe ukusika i-tuber kungabi ngaphezu kwezingxenye ezimbili.
3. Ngemuva kokuhlukanisa, izindawo zokusike ziphathwa ngamalahle bese zishiywa endaweni emnyama usuku lonke.
4. Ekupheleni kosuku, izilimo eziyizigaxa zitshalwa emhlabathini kusuka emaqabungeni nasosod land, peat nasesihlabathini ngesilinganiso esingu-2: 2: 2: 1. Ngemuva kwalokho, izitshalo zikhuliswa ngombala osakazekayo kanye nokushisa kwama-degree ayi-13 kuye kwayi-16.

Ukunakwa! Okokuhlukanisa, kuphela izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinamaqabunga aphelele futhi akukho monakalo osetshenziswayo.

Izingane

Ngale ndlela, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlukanise ngokucophelela izilimo eziyizigaxa kumama. Le nqubo ivame ukuba lula.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ingane itshalwa enhlanganisweni ye-humus, umhlaba onamaqabunga kanye ne-peat. Lapho utshala, i-tuber kufanele icwiliswe kuphela phakathi nenhlabathi.... Enye ingxenye kufanele ihlale ngaphezulu.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuchelela ngokulingene kufanele kubhekwe. Ngemuva kwesonto, i-tuber inika amaqabunga okuqala.

Izitolo

Ama-Rosette abizwa ngokuthi amahlumela kwizilimo eziyizigaxa ze-cyclamen. Amahlumela amakhulu kunawo wonke aqokelwe ukutshala. Ngemuva kokuthi i-rosette ihlukaniswe ngokucophelela nesitshalo, itshalwa enhlabathini ethambile emanzi, efana nengxube yembewu, bese ibekwa ngaphansi kwefilimu. Isiqukathi esinehlumela sibekwa endaweni enomthunzi, ezingeni lokushisa elingadluli ku-18 degrees, bese siniselwa ngokulingene. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15-20, i-rosette iba nezimpande, ngemuva kwalokho ihlumela linakekelwa njengesitshalo esivamile somuntu omdala.

Ukususa wonke amahlumela ngasikhathi sinye kungaholela ekuwohlokeni kwesimo sembali kuze kube sekufeni. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuhlukanisa ihlumela elilodwa kuphela ngasikhathi.

Izifo, izinambuzane nezinkinga

Ngenxa yezimo ezingafanele noma ukunganakekelwa lapho kukhula i-cyclamen, kungaqubula izifo ezahlukahlukene noma ukuvela kwezinambuzane. Ukunisela ngokweqile nokufaka umquba ngokweqile kuyingozi ikakhulukazi kulesi sitshalo.

Izinkinga ezinkulu lapho kugcinwa i-cyclamen yegumbi zimi kanje:

1. Ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga. Imvamisa, le nkinga yenzeka lapho kunomswakama owedlulele enhlabathini. Kunconywa ukunciphisa ukuchelela. Esinye isizathu kungaba izimo zokushisa ezingalungile. Uma imbali iseduze kwamadivayisi wokushisa, kufanele uyihambise endaweni epholile. Uma amaqabunga eqala ukuphuzi ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwe-cyclamen, lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi imbali ingena esimweni sokulala.
2. Ukungabi nezimbali. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokushoda komswakama noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu ekamelweni. Lapho izimo ezidingekayo zibuyiselwa, ukuqhakaza, njengomthetho, kuyaqhubeka.
3. Izimpande ezibolisayo... Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu nge-cyclamen yasendlini lapho imithetho yokunisela ingalandelwa. Lapho izimpande zibola, imbali iyasuswa embizeni bese ingxenye ethintekile ye-tuber iyanqunywa. Ngemuva kwalokho, izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyagezwa kusisombululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese futhi sitshalwe enhlabathini entsha.
4. Ukuguqulwa kwamaqabunga, ama-peduncles nezimbali, izimbali ezibuthakathaka. Konke lokhu kuyizimpawu zesilonda somkhaza i-cyclamen. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ngemuva kokutholwa kwezimpawu zokuqala, ngoba lesi sinambuzane sisakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthi ususe ngokushesha zonke izingxenye ezithintekayo zembali, bese uphatha ngokucophelela ngeFitoverm noma i-Agravertin. Ukwelashwa kuphindaphindwa ama-2-3 ngezikhathi zamasonto onke.
5. Ukomiswa kwamaqabunga emaphethelweni nokuvela kwamachashazi amhlophe emaqabungeni. Lokhu kukhombisa ukubonakala kwesilokazana esifana ne-thrips. Lesi sitshalo esithintekile kufanele sihlukaniswe nezinye izimbali, ukuze kugwenywe ukusabalala kwesinambuzane, ngemuva kwalokho siphathwe ngesibulali zinambuzane (i-Decis, Inta-vir), silandele izincomo zokupakishwa kwezidakamizwa.
6. Ukuqhakaza okumpunga emaqabungeni... Lesi uphawu lwesikhunta esimpunga. Kungabangelwa umswakama owedlulele enhlabathini noma ukondla kaningi kakhulu (funda ngalokho nokuthi uzodla nini i-cyclamen, funda lapha). Ukuze kulondolozwe imbali, ukufakelwa kabusha emhlabathini omusha nokwelashwa nge-fungicide kuyadingeka - iFundanazole, iRovral (ungathola ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani kahle i-cyclamen lapha).

   Inkomba! Ukuvimbela ukubuya kwesifo, kufanele wehlise ukuchelela nokondla.

Unakekela kanjani?

ICyclamen ibhekwa njengesitshalo esingenamqondo - ukuze sikhule ngempumelelo, sidinga izimo eziningi okufanele zibhekwe.

Umhlabathi

Isitshalo esidala sidinga inhlabathi elula, ezovumela izimpande ukuthi zithole inani elanele lomoya-mpilo futhi ngeke zigcine amanzi amaningi. Umhlabathi we-cyclamen ungalungiswa ngokuzimela noma uthengwe usulungile esitolo... Ekhaya, i-substrate yenziwa ngomhlabathi onamaqabunga, isihlabathi, i-humus ne-peat ngesilinganiso esingu-3: 1: 1: 1.

Ukunisela nomswakama

Abalimi bezimbali abanolwazi batusa ukuchelela i-cyclamen ngethreyi noma emaphethelweni ebhodwe. Ungavumeli umswakama ungene ezimbalini noma emaqabunga esitshalo. Amanzi okunisela kufanele axazululwe, ekamelweni lokushisa. Kungenzeka usebenzise amanzi apholile abilisiwe. Uma, ngemuva kwehora, amanzi ehlala epanini, kufanele akhishwe. Uma umoya ekamelweni womile kakhulu, akunakwenzeka ukuthi imbali ifuthwe. Ukwandisa umswakama, ama-pallets ane-moss noma amatshe amatshe amancane abekwa eduze kwebhodlela le-cyclamen.

Ukuphumula

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, i-cyclamen ilahla amaqabunga ayo futhi iveze i-tuber. Ngalesi sikhathi, ibhodwe eline-tuber lifakwa endaweni epholile, emnyama, ukuchelela kunciphile, kugcina inhlabathi imanzi. Lesi sikhathi sithatha cishe izinyanga ezintathu, ngemuva kwalokho isigaba sokuqala sokukhula okusebenzayo siqala.

Ngemininingwane yokuthi unganakekela kanjani i-cyclamen ngesikhathi sokuphumula, funda izinto zethu.

Amavidiyo ahlobene:

Ukunakekelwa kwe-cyclamen ekhaya.

Isiphetho

ICyclamen idinga ikhono elithile kanye nesipiliyoni ekukhuleni kwezitshalo zasendlini. Kodwa-ke, noma i-novice florist ingayikhulisa, kwanele nje ukuhambisana nazo zonke izimo ezidingekayo. Esikhundleni salokho, i-cyclamen izokujabulisa ngokubukeka okukhanyayo futhi iyoba umhlobiso wangempela wendlu yakho.

Bukela ividiyo: Amaphupho u0026 Ukuhlolwa on Indaba Yesintu. Alex Mthiyane (May 2024).