Sakha izimo ezifanele zokutshala imbali: inhlabathi ye-begonia nokuqhubeka uyinakekela

IBegonia izwela kakhulu kumswakama nekhwalithi yenhlabathi. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi okungafanele, amaphutha ngesikhathi sokuchelela nokutshala kabusha anomthelela omubi esitshalweni.

Kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezifanele ze-begonias nokunakekela kahle le mbali.

Ngakho-ke, uzothola ukuthi hlobo luni lomhlabathi okudingeka ukhethe isitshalo, ukuthi ungawunisela kanjani umhlaba esikhathini esizayo futhi unakekele imbali.

Yini?

I-Begonia isitshalo esikhanyayo somndeni wakwaBegoniev... Kuyaziwa utshani obuningi bonyaka nonyaka, izihlahlana zemifino nezihlahlana. Amaqabunga e-Begonia ayalingana, aphelele noma ahlukaniswe ngama-lobules amaningana aneziphetho ezinama-jagged noma ama-wavy. I-inflorescence iyinkimbinkimbi, ifaka izimbali zesifazane neziduna. Umbala wezimbali uhlukile: omhlophe, ophuzi, opinki, obomvu, owolintshi. Ukuhlela okungafani kungenzeka emaphethelweni wamacembe.

Izithelo zebhokisi elingunxantathu elinezimbewu ezincane. Uhlelo lwempande lwe-begonias lungaba nesifo sofuba, i-rhizome ne-branched. I-tuberous begonia ayikhuli ekhaya kuphela, kepha nasensimini. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo zikhuliswa kuphela endlini.

Umhlabathi

Esinye sezimo ezisemqoka zentuthuko ejwayelekile ye-begonias yasendlini inhlabathi eyiyo. Kuphela enhlabathini ekhethwe kahle lapho ukwakheka okunempilo kohlelo lwempande kungenzeka. Ukudla okunomsoco kwesitshalo kuncike enhlanganisweni yomhlabathi. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zinezici zazo futhi zidinga indlela eyodwa yokwakheka kwenhlabathi.

Uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo lubuthakathaka, luzwela kakhulu kumswakama owedlulele enhlabathini. I-Begonias idinga i-substrate evulekile yomsoco., ingena kahle emoyeni nasemswakeni. Ukusabela kwenhlabathi kune-asidi encane, izinga le-pH kufanele libe sebangeni kusuka ku-5.5 kuye ku-6.5. Ungathenga inhlabathi ekhethekile eyenziwe ngomumo noma ngokuzimela wakhe ingxube yenhlabathi equkethe inhlabathi enamaqabunga, i-peat, isihlabathi nomquba.

Ukunakwa! Umhlabathi onamaqabunga akufanele ube nama-tannins. Lezi zinto zikhona emaqabungeni e-willow nase-oki.

Ukuphuma komswakama okweqile, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amanzi: ubumba olwandisiwe noma ugravel omuhle.

Ukuhlanganiswa okulungile

Yimuphi umhlaba odingekayo wokutshala? Inketho engcono kakhulu ye-begonias ingxube efaka ukwakheka okulandelayo:

• umhlaba weqabunga - izingxenye ezimbili;
• i-peat - izingxenye ezimbili;
• isihlabathi - ingxenye engu-1;
• umquba - 1 ingxenye.

Ukwenza inhlabathi ivuleke, udinga ukusebenzisa i-vermiculite, i-fiber kakhukhunathi, i-perlite namanye ama-ejenti afaka imvubelo. Ufulawa we-lime noma we-dolomite uzonciphisa ubumuncu bomhlabathi... Ngaphambi kokulungisa inhlabathi ekhaya, hlunga inhlabathi, susa ukufakwa okukhulu.

Umhlabathi onamahlamvu othathwe epaki, ehlathini noma engadini ungaqukatha ama-microorganism ayingozi ezitshalweni ezingaba yimbangela yezifo ezahlukahlukene. Umhlabathi kufanele ubulawe amagciwane: ukhanyiswe kuhhavini noma ushiswe ngamanzi abilayo. Ubumba noma igravel enwetshiwe kufanele ibekwe ezansi ebhodweni ku-⅓ wokuphakama.

Ukulungiselela ukutshala - ukukhetha ibhodwe

Ukutshala, udinga ukulungisa imbiza efanelekile ye-begonias. Izicucu eseziqalile ukuthatha izimpande zihleli ezitsheni ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angu-5-6. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingaba yisithupha, izitshalo zitshalelwa ezimbizeni zezimbali ngamasentimitha ayi-8-10 ngosayizi. Usayizi oqondile unqunywa ngokuya ngosayizi wezimpande ezikhule ngokweqile. IBegonias ikhetha iziqukathi ezincane, amasentimitha angu-3-4 ububanzi ububanzi kunesistimu yezimpande.

Ezimbizeni ezinkulu kakhulu, izitshalo kamuva zakha efihlekile... Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunengozi yokubola kwezimpande kusuka kumswakama okweqile. Ububanzi besitsha kufanele budlule kancane ukuphakama. Okufuneka kuqala ukuba khona komgodi wokuhambisa amanzi ezansi ebhodweni.

Izinto ezilungile zebhodlela lezimbali zingubumba. Ibhodwe elinjalo livikela ekumeni kwamanzi, linokufakwa okushisayo okuhle kakhulu, futhi linikeza ukushintshana komoya. Ukusetshenziswa kwesiqukathi sepulasitiki kuvunyelwe. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka nge-substrate efanele, uhlele amanzi amahle futhi ugweme i-hypothermia noma ukushisa ngokweqile.

Imbiza yezimbali ye-ceramic kufanele igezwe kahle, ifakwe emanzini usuku lonke futhi iphathwe ngamanzi abilayo. Ipulasitiki - vele ugeze futhi ugeze.

Ungayifaka kanjani kabusha?

Isikhathi esihle sokutshala kabusha i-begonia kusentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo siyayibekezelela le nqubo kalula futhi kulula ukuyilulama. Ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-begonia kwenziwa lapho izimpande ziba mncane ebhodweni bese ziqala ukuvela emigodini yamanzi.

Ukufakelwa kungagcwala noma kungaphelele. Ukufakelwa okuphelele kuyadingeka ngemuva kokuthola isitshalo esisha, kanye nalapho i-begonia ithinteka yizifo noma izinambuzane. Ukulandelana:

1. Lungisa ibhodwe.
2. Beka ungqimba lobumba olunwetshiwe ngaphansi kwembiza.
3. Spread ungqimba oluncane lwamalahle ukuvikela izimpande ekubolile.
4. Vala ungqimba wokuhambisa amanzi ngenhlabathi ngamasentimitha ama-2.
5. Nisela kahle i-begonia.
6. Linda ihora. Bese ususa ngokucophelela isitshalo ebhodweni.
7. Gwema ngobumnene izimpande ezisuka emhlabeni omdala, uhlole.
8. Faka izimpande kusixazululo se-potassium permanganate, umbala wazo okufanele ube pinki okhanyayo.
9. Hlanza izimpande ngokucophelela ngamanzi ahleliwe.
10. Hlola uhlelo lwempande, unqume izindawo ezilimele futhi ezibolile.
11. Beka i-begonia ebhodweni elisha.
12. Vala izimpande ngenhlabathi elungisiwe. Ikhola lempande akufanele lijule kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuvumela izimpande ukuthi zome, bese uzigcwalisa ngokuphelele ngenhlabathi.

Akunconyelwe ukuhlanganisa i-substrate; ngemuva kokuchelela, inhlabathi izohlala kahle yodwa. Uma ingxenye engenhla yohlelo lwempande ivezwa obala, udinga ukwengeza umhlaba omncane.

Iseluleko! Ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingama-30 ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, i-begonia kumele iniselwe ngokucophelela futhi ivikelwe elangeni.

Ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-begonia enempilo embizeni enkulu kukwenziwa ngendlela emnene. Ukufakelwa okuncane kuyaqhubeka:

1. Susa i-begonia embizeni endala yezimbali.
2. Beka isitshalo kanye negoda lomhlabathi ebhodweni elisha, ugcwalise izikhala ezingenalutho ngenhlabathi entsha.

Izitshalo ezincane ziyithatha kahle le nqubo. Ukufakelwa kwezinhlobo zabantu abadala kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokuba khona kwenani elikhulu lamaqabunga entekenteke. Izitshalo ezifinyelele eminyakeni emithathu zihlukaniswe zaba izingxenye eziningana.

Ukunisela nokondla

IBergonia iyawathanda amanzi. Lapho unisela, kunconywa ukuthi ulandele le mithetho elandelayo:

• Ngokunisela, kusetshenziswa amanzi ekamelweni lokushisa elixazululwe emini.
• Uhlelo lokuhambisa amanzi kufanele luhlelwe ezansi kwe-flowerpot.
• Ukuncipha kuyadingeka lapho inhlabathi isomile yajula ngamasentimitha ayi-1.5.
• Kusukela ekupheleni kukaNovemba kuya ku-Mashi, kudingeka ukunciphisa ukuchelela kube kanye ngesonto. Izinhlobo ezinesibindi zingena ekulaleni futhi ziqukethwe ku-peat, ukuchelela kumiswe ngokuphelele.
• Kusukela ngoMashi, amandla omswakama akhula kancane kancane.
• Ehlobo, kuyadingeka ukumanzisa umhlabathi ukuze amanzi amaningi agobhoze aphume ngomgodi wamanzi. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, khipha umswakama osele kusuka ku-pallet. Ukuvama kwenqubo izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto.
• Ekushiseni okukhulu, ukuchelela nsuku zonke kuyadingeka.
• Kusukela ngo-Okthoba, ukuchelela kuyadingeka njengoba inhlabathi engaphezulu iyoma.
• Kubalulekile ukugwema umswakama omile odala ukubola kwezimpande.

Okubalulekile! Izinhlobo eziningi azikubekezeleli ukungena kwamanzi esiqwini nasemaceleni ngesikhathi sokufafaza nokunisela.

Kusukela lapho amahlumela okuqala evela kuma-begonia, kubalulekile ukuqala inqubo yokudla. Lapho ukhetha umanyolo, cabanga ngohlobo lwesitshalo... Ama-begonias anqabile akhetha izithasiselo ze-nitrogen ezinjenge:

1. IKemir: thela uhhafu wephakheji kumalitha ayi-10 wamanzi.
2. Ukukhula kwe-uniflor: chaza amamililitha ayi-5 omuthi kumalitha amabili wamanzi.
3. I-Agricol: Nciphisa amagremu ama-5 womkhiqizo kumalitha amabili wamanzi.

Izinhlobo zezimbali zidinga umanyolo we-potash-phosphorus ukukhuthaza nokugcina izimbali. Ukugqoka okuphezulu okufana neBud, i-Ovary, iMpova, iMpilo kufanelekile. Izimali zihlanjululwa ngo-1-2 amagremu ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi.

Umanyolo wengezwa enhlabathini ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-15. Lapho nje isitshalo sesiqhakazile, ukondla kufanele kumiswe. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo silele, awekho umanyolo osetshenziswayo.

Lapho kukhula ama-begonia, kufanele kulandelwe imithetho ethile. Kubalulekile ukwakha inhlabathi evundile enomsoco, ukudala amanzi amahle, ukhethe imbiza efanelekile, ukuhlela umbuso ofanele wokunisela nokondla. Zonke lezi zinyathelo zizosiza ekugcineni impilo nobuhle be-begonia.

Bukela ividiyo: IZITHAKAZELO ZAKWA-DLAMINI PILOT (Juni 2024).