Uyazi ukuthi ikhula kanjani i-cacti? Kuthiwani uma imbali ingakhuli?

Isazi sezitshalo uF. Hernandez uqale ngokuletha umdwebo we-cactus ngo-1535, futhi kusukela lapho imfashini yezitshalo ezingaphandle ezivela eMelika isabalale ngokushesha emhlabeni wonke. Ngekhulu le-18, izinhlobo ezingama-24 zalezi zitshalo ezingavamile zase zaziwa. Kuze kube manje, le fashoni ayikadluli, kepha manje kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1200 ezaziwayo.

Lapho ukhula i-cacti ekhaya, umlimi we-novice udinga ukubheka ukuthi izinhlobo ezithile zikhula ngokushesha kangakanani, ukuze kuthi lapho utshala zingaphazamisani futhi zibukeke zihle uma zitshalwe ebhodweni elilodwa. Sizokutshela ukuthi kungani isilwane sakho esiluhlaza singakhuli nokuthi singasisiza kanjani esihlokweni sethu.

Ngabe isitshalo sikhula masinyane ekhaya?

Sibheka uhlobo lwe-cactus.

Lapho uthenga izitshalo, khumbula ukugcina ilebula enegama lohlobo.

Izinga lokukhula lincike ohlotsheni lwe-cactus... Awukwazi ukulindela ukukhula okusheshayo kusuka ku-cactus ekhula ifinyelele kusentimitha elilodwa. Isibonelo se-cactus encane kunazo zonke yiBlossfeldia. Ungayitshale nge-cacti enkulu. Esinye isibonelo sesitshalo esikhula kancane kancane yi-ariocactus, noma zibizwa nangokuthi "amatshe aphilayo". Zidinga cishe iminyaka engama-50 ukuze zikhule zifike kumasentimitha ayi-10-12.

Isitshalo se-ampel, kungcono ukutshala ebhodweni elihlukile ukuze iziqu zehle ngokukhululeka, ngokwesibonelo, i-aporocatus emise ukuqhuma noma i-disocactus (mayelana ne-aporocactus ichazwe lapha). Futhi kusukela ku-cacti elenga ezweni lethu, iSchlumberg cactus iyathandwa, noma njengoba ibizwa kubantu abavamile - i-Decembrist. Amaqabunga amasha ahlukaniswe avela ama-2-3 minyaka yonke, okungukuthi, cishe ngamasentimitha ama-2-4 ngonyaka.

Uma ufuna ukukhulisa i-cactus enkulu, khona-ke ipheya elibabazekayo lilungile... Le ngenye ye-cacti enkulu kunazo zonke (ungafunda ngepheya eli-prickly ne-agave lapha, futhi mayelana nepheya elihlabayo kuchazwe kulokhu okubhaliwe). I-cleistocactus kaStrauss nayo ikhula ngokushesha futhi ifinyelela ebangeni elingafika kumitha elilodwa. I-cacti ekhula ngokushesha - i-polaskia, i-marshallocereus, i-cereus, i-pachycereus nezinye izitshalo ezifana nezihlahla. Zingaguquka zibe yizibonelo ezinhle ngokwanele eminyakeni emihlanu; ngonyaka zingangeza kuze kufike kumasentimitha ayi-10.

Awekho ama-cacti amakhulu ayindilinga.

Kungani isilwane esimpunga singakhuli ngosayizi nokuthi senzeni kuleli cala?

Ukukhula okuhamba kancane kwe-cactus kungadalwa yizimo ezingathandeki ngakho. Kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezidingekayo zokukhula okuhle.

• Ukukhanyisa... "Izingane" ze-cacti azithandi ilanga eliqondile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-cacti amadala afana nezindawo ezikhanyiswe kahle ezinelanga eliningi. Abasabi ilanga eliqondile.

  Ebusika, kungcono ukubeka izitshalo ohlangothini oluseningizimu. Kwezinye izinhlobo, ilanga elikhanyayo lishukumisa ukuqhakaza. ICacti ayikuthandi ukubekwa ngemuva kwegumbi: kumakhabethe, kumatafula noma emashalofini. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kuzosibulala kancane isitshalo.

• Ukuncoma... Izitshalo aziwuthandi umhlabathi ovundile. Endaweni enjalo, ama-cacti maningi amathuba okubola noma okubumba. Isihlabathi siyanezelwa enhlabathini enjalo kuze kufike kumaphesenti angama-50. Ngonyaka wokuqala, kwenziwa ukukhetha okungu-8, ngonyaka wesibili kukhethwe okungu-2-3.

  Abangane abanameva abadingi inhlabathi eningi - amasentimitha angu-3-4 anele, ngoba banezimpande ezincane. Ungakhohlwa ukukhipha cishe isentimitha elilodwa.

• Ukunisela... Ezitshalweni zabantu abadala, ukuthambisa kunesilinganiso ehlobo, ukuthambisa kuncishisiwe ebusika (kwezinye izinhlobo, kumiswa ngokuphelele).
• Ukugqoka okuphezulu.
  1. Ungazondli izitshalo ngesistimu yezimpande eyonakele, ngokwesibonelo, ngokushesha ngemuva kokufaka kabusha.
  2. Awukwazi ukufaka umanyolo lapho i-cactus ingasebenzi (mhlawumbe ebusika nasehlobo), umhlabathi ngalesi sikhathi uhlala umanzi isikhathi eside.
  3. Kungcono ukuncibilikisa umanyolo wamaminerali ngamanzi athambile ancibilikile.
  4. Isimo sezulu esihle kakhulu sokuchelela ngomanyolo yisimo sezulu esinamafu.
• Izimbiza... Thenga amabhodwe kabanzi, kodwa hhayi ajulile. Ngokuvamile, la meva athanda ukufakelwa kabusha okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezimpande kanye ne-cactus uqobo.

Ungabhekana kanjani nezilokazane nezifo?

Kwesinye isikhathi icactus "iqina" futhi ayikhuli isikhathi eside. Kulokhu, bhekisisa izinambuzane nezifo. Isizathu esivame kakhulu ukulimala kohlelo lwempande. Hlanza izimpande, uzicubungule bese utshala isitshalo enhlabathini entsha, ungakushisa kusengaphambili kuhhavini.

Izifo ezivame kakhulu:

1. I-Phytophthora... Ingxenye ebolile inganqunywa, ifafazwe ngomlotha, yomiswe.
2. Ukubola okomile... Cishe ayelashwa, ukuvimbela kuphela okungenzeka - ukwelashwa ngama-fungicides.
3. Ukugqwala okuchaphazelekile... Ukuze ulwe, sebenzisa ingxube yezidakamizwa iTopaz noma iBordeaux.
4. Ukubola kwesiqu... Kuvela ezitshalweni ezisencane; izitshalo ezithintekile zivame ukususwa.
5. I-Fusarium... Uphawu lwalesi sifo ukuqhakaza okubomvana noma okunsomi ngeziqu zesitshalo. Izitshalo ezinezifo ziyabhujiswa.

Yiziphi izinambuzane ezingaqala:

• Izibungu zesicabucabu... Kuvela izindawo ezigqwalile, ezinsundu noma ezimpunga. Ukuwaqeda, kusetshenziswa ama-acaricides kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane yemvelo (ama-decoctions kagalikhi no-anyanisi, asetshenziselwa ukugcoba iziqu).
• Ama-Mealybugs... Zingabonakala ngamehlo, ukuhlangana kwamaqanda ngendlela yamabhola kakotini. Izinambuzane ziyasuswa ngebhulashi noma ngomphunga. Lesi sitshalo siphathwa ngokufakwa kotshwala ngotshwala. noma ama-insecticide akhethekile.
• Izimpethu... Ukuqhakaza okumhlophe ezimpandeni. Ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi nge-karbofos kuyasiza.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezifo ze-cactus nezinambuzane lapha.

Kungani imbali ilula ingabi ngobubanzi?

Kwesinye isikhathi, ngokuphambene nalokho, icactus iselula ngokushesha iye phezulu, hhayi ngobubanzi. Lokhu akusilungele isitshalo. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kungumphumela wokukhulelwa ngokweqile (ikakhulukazi okweqile kwe-nitrogen). Kulokhu, zama nje ukuphinda utshale le mbali emhlabathini ohlukile, khumbula ukufaka isihlabathi emhlabathini.

Izimbali zizwa uthando lwethu nokunakekelwa kwethu... I-Spiky ngaphandle, abangane bethu abaluhlaza bamnene ngaphakathi. Ungazishiyi izilwane ezifuywayo, uzinakekele, futhi zizozibonga ngokukhula okusheshayo nezimbali ezinhle!

Bukela ividiyo: COMO FAZER CACTOS DE PAPEL (Septhemba 2024).