Izincomo zabalimi zokutshala i-artichoke yaseJerusalema entwasahlobo

IJerusalema i-artichoke, noma ubhekilanga one-tuberous, noma ipheya lobumba, noma i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, singesinye futhi isitshalo esingapheli sohlobo lwe-sunflower yomndeni wakwa-Astrov, owaziwa ngezindawo zawo ezizuzisayo.

Uzofunda ukuthi ungasitshala kanjani kahle lesi sitshalo esingajwayelekile, nini nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze, ukuze ukwazi ukuqoqa lezi zithelo ezinhle endlini yakho yezwe. Futhi, i-athikili izonikeza imininingwane ngokuzikhethela kwezilimo eziyizigaxa nezindlela zokutshala.

Omakhelwane nabandulelayo engadini

Ungakhulisa i-artichoke yaseJerusalema ngemuva kwanoma yiziphi izilimo zensimu! Ipheya lobumba kufanele litshalwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho nje ikhava yomhlabathi incibilika futhi yomile. Ngalesi sikhathi, umhlabathi usamanzi futhi nezilimo eziyizigaxa ze-artichoke zaseJerusalema zimpande kalula emhlabathini (funda ngemigomo yokutshalwa kwe-artichoke eJerusalema lapha). Ngokuvamile lesi isikhathi sokutshala amazambane. Kepha kungcono ukutshala i-artichoke yaseJerusalema ngemuva kwalokhu:

• amazambane;
• iklabishi;
• ukhukhamba.

IJerusalem artichoke ingatshalwa ekwindla, kusukela ngoSepthemba. Kulesi simo kuphela, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema idinga ukugxila ngokujule ukuze isitshalo singatholi ubunzima ngesikhathi seqhwa.

Ungazikhetha kanjani izilimo eziyizigaxa ezifanele nembewu?

Izinto zokutshala kufanele zibe nempilo ukuze isivuno singatholi ubunzima. Izilimo eziyizigaxa nezinhlamvu kufanele zingabi nokubola kwezimpande ezahlukahlukene, ama-nematode kanye nama-aphid.

Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bakhetha ngisho nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane, ubukhulu beqanda lesikhukhukazi. Kungcono ukhethe izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlumayo ngoba maningi amathuba okuthi zimile emhlabathini wakho. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-artichoke zaseJerusalema zinoqweqwe oluncane kakhulu lukakhokho, lokhu kusho ukuthi izilimo eziyizigaxa zivikeleke kabi ekomeni nasekulimaleni kwemishini. Yingakho kungcono ukutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa esezihlumile. Uma zithole ukuthi zinkulu kakhulu, khona-ke zingasikwa zibe izingxenye eziningana.

Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa umbandela owodwa obalulekile: ingxenye ngayinye kufanele iqukathe okungenani amehlo amathathu (isivuno esinothile!), Futhi ukusikeka kufanele kulashwe ngamalahle.

Uma uthatha isinqumo noma kufanele uthenge imbewu yokutshala, qiniseka ukuthi ayiyona into ethandekayo. Uma, ngenkathi kuthuthwa futhi kugcinwa, kodwa kube njalo, bese uwafaka emanzini angenalutho cishe amahora angama-3-4, futhi imbewu izobe isilungele ukutshalwa.

Ungatshala kuphi - ekhaya noma ngaphandle ezweni, ngabe kukhona umehluko?

I-artichoke yaseJerusalema ikhuliswa kokubili endle nasekhaya, ezitsheni noma emabhokisini anomsele. IJarich artichoke itshalwe kuphela emhlabathini ovulekile oshisayo.

Izimo ezikhulayo enhlabathini nasesitsheni azifani, ngakho-ke ungatshala ngokuphepha lesi sitshalo ekhaya. Yile ndlela yokwenza imbewu kuphela eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, abalimi abanolwazi abanolwazi asebevele besebenzisa yona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitshalo esikhulile sisazodinga ukutshalwa ekotishi lasehlobo.

Izindlela zokutshala

• Isithombo. Ngale ndlela, ungathola isivuno ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Enkulisa, lesi sitshalo sivikeleke kakhulu ezinambuzaneni, futhi isivuno esinothile sesitshalo esingenakubuyiselwa ndawo ngeke sigcine umnikazi elindile.
• Imbewu. Ngale ndlela, awudingi ukwakha izakhiwo ezingeziwe. Kodwa-ke, ukuvuna okufika ngesikhathi futhi okunothile akuqinisekisiwe, izinhlelo zakho zingaphazanyiswa yimvelo kamama.
• Isidina. Le ndlela ifaneleka kakhulu kubalimi bokuhlola, kepha kubalimi be-amateur kuzoba umthwalo.
• Izilimo eziyizigaxa. Le yindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke phakathi kwabalimi. Awudingi ukudala noma yiziphi izimo ezengeziwe, isitshalo ngokwaso ngokushesha siyangena futhi sinikeze isivuno esilindelwe isikhathi eside.

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo nomdwebo

Imiyalo yokutshala i-artichoke yaseJerusalema:

1. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela isiza. Inketho enhle kuleli cala kuzoba indawo ekhethwe ngokukhethekile eceleni kocingo, engeke ibe nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane ezinikeza ukukhula futhi zonakalise isivuno sakho.
   • Ama-legumes (ubhontshisi, uphizi), iklabishi, ama-radish, i-turnips, u-anyanisi, isitshalo seqanda kanye namahlahla amajikijolo - ama-currants, ama-gooseberries angasebenza njengomakhelwane abahle.
   • Akukhuthazwa ukutshala iparsley nesilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, amazambane notamatisi eduze kweJerusalema i-artichoke.

   Inhlabathi kufanele ivuleke, i-pH 6.0-7.5, futhi indawo kufanele ikhanyiswe ngokwanele.

2. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukulungisa umhlaba okhethiwe: faka umquba ekwindla. Lezi kungaba umquba obolile noma umquba onomanyolo wamaminerali (i-superphosphate, usawoti we-potassium, i-ammonium nitrate).
3. Ake siye ngqo ukufika. Uma ulungiselele izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-artichoke yaseJerusalema kusengaphambili, futhi zomile, kulokhu, kufanele zifakwe emanzini amahora angu-4-8 ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzosiza ukucwilisa izilimo eziyizigaxa kusisombululo seZircon ngaphambi kokutshala. Silinde inhlabathi ukuthi ifudumele ize ifike kuma-degree ayi-16-18 bese siqala ukutshala!
4. IJerusalema i-artichoke itshalwe ngemigqa, igcina ibanga eliphakathi kuka-60-80 cm phakathi kwabo.Landelana, ibanga eliphakathi kwezitshalo lingama-30-40 cm.
5. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuzama ukutshala ipheya lobumba ngembewu, khona-ke lo myalo ungowakho. Sitshala imbewu esitsheni esinomswakama ovulekile futhi omunce kahle ekujuleni okungaba ngu-7 cm. Vala isitsha ngefilimu noma ngesembozo, usibeke endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo, ethokomele bese ulinda intwasahlobo ngasekupheleni ukutshala izithombo ezikhulayo.
6. Uma ungazange ufune izindlela ezinzima futhi uthathe isinqumo sokutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa, ungakhohlwa ukuthi sonke isivuno osivunayo sincike ekujuleni ositshala kuso. Uma isayithi lakho linomhlabathi osindayo, khona-ke ukujula kokutshala kungu-6-8 cm, uma kukhanya - 8-10 cm.

   Kubalulekile ukunaka izinhlobonhlobo ze-artichoke yaseJerusalema, ubukhulu besivuno buxhomeke kuso. Isibonelo, ezinhlotsheni zokuqala zokuvuthwa, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane (ezingafika ku-20 g) neziphakathi (20-50 g), nasezinhlotsheni ezivuthwa sekwedlule isikhathi - ezinkudlwana (ezingaphezu kuka-50 g).

7. Kudingeka izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinempilo kuphela. Ungatshala izilimo eziyizigaxa eziphelele futhi ezisikiwe. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezisikiwe zingasetshenziswa kuphela ekutshalweni kwentwasahlobo. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezitshaliwe kufanele zimbozwe ngeharika ngekama elincane, ukuze lingalimazi i-tuber ngephutha.

   Amagama ambalwa ngokushiya ngemuva kokutshala ipheya lobumba emhlabathini ovulekile. Izinsuku zokuqala emva kokutshala, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi. Kuzothatha cishe amasonto ama-2-4 ngaphambi kwamahlumela okuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho, cishe cishe amasonto angama-40-50, uzothola isitshalo esenziwe ngomumo, futhi singavunwa futhi sithunyelwe ukugcinwa.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona nobunzima

Ukutshala i-artichoke yaseJerusalema akuyona inkinga enzima ngisho nabaqalayo abangakwazi ukuyisingatha. IJerusalema i-artichoke ikhula kunoma iziphi izimo, inkinga okungahle kube wukugcwala kwenhlabathi ngamanzi, ngakho-ke qaphela ngalokhu. Futhi, uma ungafuni inkathazo eyengeziwe, tshala izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlumayo (hhayi imbewu!), Lapho-ke isivuno sakho nakanjani sizophumelela.

IJerusalem artichoke isitshalo esinempilo ngempela. Izosiza ngesifo samathambo, isifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile. Futhi ungumngane othembekile womuntu ophilile. Ngakho-ke, ungazikhandle ekwenzeni isidalwa esihle kangaka engadini yakho, ikakhulukazi ngoba asidingi izindleko ezinkulu zempahla nesikhathi!

Bukela ividiyo: Brookside Farm - Growing Food, Growing Energy (Septhemba 2024).