Ungayivala kanjani i-LLC ngo-2020 - imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuqedwa nokuqothuka kwezibonelo ze-LLC + namasampula amadokhumenti okulanda

Sawubona, bafundi abathandekayo be-Ideas for Life magazine magazine! Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngokuthi siyivala kanjani i-LLC, okungukuthi, sizobheka inqubo yokuqedwa kwemali bese sinikeza imiyalo ngezinyathelo, okulandela ukuthi ukuvalwa kwe-LLC (kufaka phakathi nezikweletu / ngokuqothuka) kuzoba inquboithafa futhi ngokushesha.

Ngendlela, ubonile ukuthi idola selivele lingakanani? Qala ukwenza imali ngomehluko wamanani wokushintshana lapha!

Umqondo wenhlangano esemthethweni uvame kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Umthetho waseRussia usho inani elikhulu lamafomu ahlukene wenhlangano nezomthetho, okungukuthi, amasistimu lapho le nkampani izoba khona.

Kodwa-ke, olunye lwezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu yiNkampani Yezikweletu Elinganiselwe, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-LLC. (Ifomu le-IP alithandeki kangako. Sivele sabhala ukuthi siyivula kanjani i-IP ekushicilelweni kwesayithi)

Izizathu zokuthandwa kwe-LLC ukungabi lula kokudalwa kwayo, ukubeka izimo zokwakhiwa nokuhlelwa kwawo wonke umsebenzi, kanye nenani elikhulu lokuzimela, elingabalulekanga kangako emnothweni wanamuhla.

Inqubo yokubhalisa i-LLC, kanye nokuqedwa kwemali, ihleliwe ku-Civil Law. Futhi uma ukuqala komsebenzi wanoma yiziphi izinkampani kungabangeli ubunzima obuthile, kunjalo, ngokuya ngemibandela ebekiwe, ukuvala inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe kuzodinga umzamo omkhulu, ngoba le nqubo ifaka phakathi izinqubo eziningi ezibalulekile ezidingekayo ukuze kuqedwe ngokomthetho kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wenhlangano esemthethweni.

Kungenxa yalezi zizathu ukuthi ukubaluleka kwalolu daba akwehli, futhi ukucatshangelwa kwayo yonke imithetho kanye nama-nuances wokuqedwa, kubhekwa umthetho oguqukayo njalo, kuyadingeka nje.

Ngakho-ke, uzofunda kule ndatshana:

• Izinhlobo nenqubo yokuqedwa kwe-LLC;
• Ungayivala kanjani i-LLC ngo-2020 (imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo);
• Ungamemezela kanjani ukuthi i-LLC ifile
• Izigaba zokuqothuka kwe-LLC (ukuqedwa kwenhlangano enezikweletu);
• Izici kanye nama-nuances wenqubo, njll.

Phakathi kokunye, kuzobhekwa neminye imibuzo edumile osomabhizinisi abanayo.

Ungayivala kanjani i-LLC, kufaka phakathi nokuqothuka, ukuhlangana, ukuhlela kabusha nokunye, funda ngokuqhubekayo ku-athikili, enikezela ngemiyalo enezinyathelo ngezinyathelo zokuqedwa

1. Lapho kwenziwa isinqumo sokuvala i-LLC - izizathu eziyinhloko 📋

Ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngokuthi inhlangano esemthethweni ngendlela ye-LLC iyeka kanjani ukusebenza, ngidinga ukuthola izizathu... (Besivele sibhala ukuthi singavalwa kanjani usomabhizinisi ngamunye kumagazini wethu odlule, lapho sichaze khona imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo mayelana nokuqedwa kanye nokuqothuka kukasomabhizinisi ngamunye)

Imvamisa, ukuvalwa kwemali kwenziwa lapho kwenzeka ezinye izimo ezithile, ezithinta isinqumo sabasunguli.

Akudingeki ukuthi kube ukuphela komsebenzi wonkana, ibhizinisi elisemthethweni lingavele lenze izinguquko ezithile ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuvala impahla. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba nomthetho uyanikeza ithuba lokuhlela kabusha i-LLC, nokho, le yinqubo ehlukile enezimo ezihluke ngokuphelele.

Ngakho-ke, kunamacala amaningi lapho abasunguli benkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe becabanga ngokuyiqeda.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

1. Shintsha kuhlobo lomsebenzi owenziwayo... Abasunguli banelungelo lokushintsha indawo lapho umphakathi wabo ubusebenza khona ekuqaleni. Umthetho uyayivumela inketho enjalo, kepha udinga ukuthi kuthathwe imigomo efanelekile yokuchibiyela amadokhumende enhlangano asayinwe lapho idalwa.
2. Ukuqedwa komsebenzi... Le nketho isondele kakhulu kweyokuqala. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi alukho ushintsho emkhakheni, lapha noma yiziphi izenzo zohlobo oluthile noma ezinye ziyeka ukwenziwa. Futhi, lokhu kungafaka amacala wenguquko lapho inkampani ifuna ukusebenzisa khona imibono yayo.
3. Ukumiswa ngesinqumo somnikazi... Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-LLC iyindlela edume kakhulu yebhizinisi elisemthethweni, lokhu kubangelwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngesici esisodwa esithile, okungukuthi kungenzeka ukuthengisa i-LLC njengebhizinisi elenziwe ngomumo. Leli yithuba elihle labanikazi (kufaka phakathi izinqumo zabanikazi abanenzuzo). Ngakho-ke nanka amacala lapho ethatha isinqumo esinjalo, kuphakama nombuzo wokuqedwa kwenhlangano esemthethweni.
4. Ukuhlelwa kabusha... Incazelo yalesi simo ukuthi kunesidingo sokushintsha lonke uhlelo lwebhizinisi, olungathonywa yizinto eziningi, ezangaphandle nezangaphakathi.
5. Ukuqothuka... Ukwehluleka ukukhokha zonke izikweletu zombolekisi kungenye yezizathu ezithandwa kakhulu zokuvala ibhizinisi. Ukumiswa kuleli cala kufaka phakathi inqubo yokumemezela ukuthi inkampani iqothukile, kwenziwa izinqubo eziningi zokusiza ukukhokha izikweletu ngokuzayo, futhi nomphakathi uqobo awusekho. Funda kabanzi mayelana nenqubo yokuqothuka kwenhlangano esemthethweni ezincwadini zethu.

Ngokuvamile, izimo ezinjalo zivela ngaphansi kwethonya lezici ezithile. Imvamisa lokhu kuyithonya lemvelo yangaphandle.

Umncintiswano, oxhumana nabo futhi abahlinzeki, futhi abathengi- zonke lezi yizikhathi ezingaholela inkampani esimweni sokuqedwa. Kodwa-ke, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngemvelo yangaphakathi yenhlangano. Imvamisa, ukuphathwa kwabasebenzi noma, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kubukela phansi ukusebenza kwenhlangano esemthethweni, kucasule abasunguli benkampani ukuthi bacabange ukuyivala.

Ngaphambi kokuvula inkampani, udinga ukucabanga ngokucophelela ngombono wakho webhizinisi futhi ubale zonke izindleko ezingaba khona zokuhlela ibhizinisi. Sesibhalile ezindabeni zethu ukuthi singalubhala kanjani uhlelo lwebhizinisi nokuthi imiphi imibono yebhizinisi enotshalo mali oluncane ekhona.

Inqubo yokwehliswa kanye nezinhlobo zayo

2. Izinhlobo zokuqedwa kwe-LLC: zakudala nezinye izindlela 📑

Umthetho wezomphakathi unikeza inkululeko kubasunguli benkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe, enikeza izinketho eziningi ezingahle zenziwe zokuvalwa kwenhlangano esemthethweni.

Ukuhlukaniswa okujwayelekile kwale nqubo kubhekwa njengencazelo ngokuzithandela futhi okuphoqelekile ukuqedwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwenziwa ngokujwayelekile futhi akubonisi zonke izindlela namathuba ekusetshenzisweni kwenqubo ebhekwe ngqo.

Kungakho umsunguli ephakamisa izinhlobo ezimbili zokuqedwa komphakathi, okuyizinto zakudala nokunye.

Ukuvalwa kwakudala inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe ithatha ukuvalwa okujwayelekile kwenkampani ngaphandle kokuncishiswa okungaba khona kwengozi lapho kucwaningwa intela. Imvamisa, ibhizinisi elisemthethweni elikwazi ngokuphelele ukukhokha zonke izikweletu zalo, ukufeza izibopho nokuqeda imisebenzi yalo ngaphandle kwezinqubo nezinqubo ezingadingekile lingena enkambisweni enjalo.

Ngakho-ke, ukuvalwa kwe-LLC okudala kubandakanya izigaba eziningana:

• ukwenza isinqumo sokuvala inkampani, okwenziwa ngabasunguli ngemuva kokuhlola zonke izizathu, izinto zangaphandle nezangaphakathi futhi, nempela, imiphumela yezenzo ezinjalo;
• ukuqokwa kwekhomishini yokuqothula impahla, kwezinye izimo umuntu oyedwa ozovala yonke impahla, ozobhekana nayo yonke enye inqubo;
• ukubekwa kolwazi mayelana nokuvalwa kwenkampani emthonjeni osemthethweni - "Bulletin of State Registration";
• ukwaziswa kwabo bonke ababolekisi ngesinqumo esithathiwe;
• ukwakheka kwebhalansi lokuqedwa, kulesi sigaba kuzobhekwa njengokuphakathi;
• ukudlulisa ibhalansi yokuqeda impahla kumphathi wentela;
• ukulungiswa kwemibhalo esele edingekayo kanye nokudluliselwa kwayo ngqo kwi-Federal Tax Service.

Le nqubo ibhekwa njengeyesabekayo impela ngoba ngemuva kokuphothula zonke izenzo ezingenhla, inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe ivaliwe ngaphandle kwezinqubo ezengeziwe ezikhethekile.

Ukuvalwa ngenye indlela izinkampani ezinesikweletu esilinganiselwe zivame ukwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amasu athile. Azijwayelekile ngenketho yokuqala yokuvala inhlangano esemthethweni futhi zimele uhlobo lwenqubo esemthethweni.

Ngakho-ke, kuyisiko ukunikeza lezi zenzo ezilandelayo kulezi zindlela:

• shintsha ekwakhiweni kwabasunguli noma ushintsho lwabo oluphelele;
• ushintsho lomqondisi jikelele wenhlangano;
• ukuqedwa noma, ngamanye amagama, ukuhlelwa kabusha ngendlela yokuhlangana noma yokutholwa, okubandakanya nokuvalwa kwe-LLC.

Vele, kule nguqulo, umphakathi uyaqhubeka nokuba khona, empeleni ushintsha isimo sawo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ungayeki imisebenzi yawo. Kodwa-ke, ukuvala inhlangano ngokwakho kuhlale kungcono futhi kulula ukwenza. ngendlela yakudala yokuqedwa, ngoba zikhona izingozi ezimbalwa zokwephulwa kwemithetho esunguliwe.

3. Uhla lwemibhalo yokuqedwa kwe-LLC ООО

Ngaphezu kokunquma isidingo sokuqedwa kanye nendlela yokwenza lokho, udinga ukuqonda ngokusobala ukuthi imaphi amaphepha azodingeka kule nqubo ukuze ulungiselele kusengaphambili konke okusungulwa ngumthetho.

Ukuze ukhethe imibhalo ebalulekile, awudingi ukusungula noma yini, kwanele ukubuyela emthethweni, ozonikeza umbono wokuthi uhlu lwamaphepha adingekayo lubukeka kanjani. Ibanzi impela, okungamangalisi. Sikunikeza ukuthi ulande amasampula ale mibhalo engezansi.

Ngakho-ke, namuhla ukuvalwa kwenkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe kudinga amadokhumenti ayishumi:

1. Isinqumo noma umthetho olandelwayo wokuqedwa kwenkampani. Igcwaliswa futhi isayinwe ngabasunguli esigabeni sokuqala sayo yonke inqubo yokuvala inhlangano. (Landa isinqumo sesampula ngokuqedwa kwe-LLC);
2. Ishidi lesilinganiso sokuqedwa kwesikhashana ngendlela ebekwe ngumthetho (Landa ifomu 15001);
3. Isinqumo sokuvuma ishidi lokulinganisa lesikhashana lapho kuqedwa (LB) - (Landa isinqumo sesampula sokuvuma i-LB);
4. Isaziso salokhu kugunyazwa yi-PLB (Landa Ifomu 15003);
5. Isaziso sokuqokwa kwalowo ozovala impahla noma ikhomishini yokuvala impahla, kuya ngenani labasunguli (Landa ifomu 15002);
6. Isaziso ngesinqumo sokuqeda inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe (Ifomu lokulanda le-С-09-4);
7. Idokhumenti eqinisekisa ukwaziswa kwabakweletwayo mayelana nokuvalwa kwenkampani (Landa isampula isaziso sokuqedwa kwabakweletwayo);
8. Ngqo i-LB (ishidi lokulinganisa lokuvala impahla) (Landa isampula lokulinganisa isampula);
9. Isinqumo sokuvunywa kwaso (Landa isibonelo sesampula ekwamukelweni kwe-LU);
10. Isicelo sokubhaliswa kwenkampani njengoba iqediwe ngokuya ngefomu elisungulwe ngumthetho (Landa ifomu 16001).

(rar, 272 kb). Ungalanda iphakethe lemibhalo lokuqedwa kwe-LLC kudokhumenti eyodwa lapha... Lolu hlu lubanzi.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho kuqedwa noma iyiphi inhlangano esemthethweni, kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyinhlangano noma inhlangano engakanani, amaphepha ayadingeka nawo aqukethe imininingwane ngenkampani uqobo, kubandakanya nokuqinisekisa ukubhaliswa kwayo kwiRejista Kahulumeni.

Konke okuphathelene nokuqedwa kwe-LLC + imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuthi ungayikhipha kanjani inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe uwedwa ngo-2020: inqubo, izigaba kanye nemibhalo

4. Ungayivala kanjani i-LLC ngo-2020 - imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo + inqubo yokukhishwa kwenkampani 📝

Ukuqedwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlangano kuhlala kunezizathu eziningi ezibucayi. Lapho abasunguli bebheka ngamunye wabo, bese kwenziwa esinye sezinqumo ezinkulu: ukuvala noma ukungavali.

Vele, le nkinga kufanele isondele ngokucophelela nangokucophelela okukhulu, ukuze ekugcineni ungenzi iphutha.

Kodwa-ke, uma, nokho, kunqunywe ukuthi kuqedwe ibhizinisi elisemthethweni, abasunguli balo ngokushesha babuza lo mbuzo: ungayivala kanjani inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe?

Ukwenza umsebenzi ube lula, ungakhombisa uhlelo olucacile lokusebenza ngendlela yezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezihlose ukufeza umphumela oyifunayo.

Isinyathelo # 1. Ukwenza isinqumbo

Uma umsunguli ethambekele ekwenzeni izinguquko ezinkulu kangaka, lapho-ke kuyadingeka ukwenza imibhalo efanelekile. Lokhu kubalulekile esigabeni sokuqala impela. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona umsunguli oyedwa kuphela, isinqumo sokuqedwa kwemali siyakhiwa futhi sisayinwe, uma kukhona abaningana babo, khona-ke umthetho olungisa amasiginesha womuntu ngamunye.

Landa isampula lesinqumo sokuqeda i-LLC ngomhlanganyeli oyedwa

Landa imizuzu eyisampula yomhlangano ngokuqedwa kwe-LLC nabahlanganyeli abaningana

Isibonelo semizuzu yomhlangano we-LLC (nabasunguli abaningana):

Isinyathelo # 2. IKhomishini Yezokuphathwa Kwezibi

Kufanele kwakhiwe isakhiwo esithile esizobhekana nalolu daba ngokuzayo. Ngokuqokwa kwakhe, noma ngokumane kukhethwe umuntu oyedwa ovala izikweletu, kubalulekile ukwazisa Abezentela futhi benze okufakiwe kuRejista Kahulumeni.

Uma lezi zimo kuhlangatshezwana nazo, khona-ke kungakhiwa iqembu lama-liquidators, okungukuthi, ikhomishini, evame ukuba neyodwa abaholi benkampaninoma kusuka abasunguli noma ababambiqhaza... Isinqumo sokuqoka ikhomishini noma umuntu ohlukanisa izinto ngokuhlukile sithathwa ngumhlangano jikelele, futhi kwezinye izimo yisiphathimandla sokwahlulela.

Ikhomishini yokuqothula impahla, kanye nenkampani yokuvala inkampani, banamandla amaningi futhi benza le misebenzi elandelayo:

• ukwaziswa kwabakweletwayo ngokuvalwa kwenkampani;
• ukulungiswa kwe-balance sheet;
• ukushicilelwa kolwazi mayelana nokuqedwa kwemithombo emthonjeni osemthethweni;
• ukuthengiswa kwempahla yenhlangano;
• ukukhokhelwa kwezikweletu;
• ukudweba ibhalansi lokugcina lokuqedwa kwemali;
• ukwabiwa kwempahla esele phakathi kwabahlanganyeli;
• ukuthumela isicelo ku-Federal Tax Service ukuze ubhalise imininingwane ngokuqedwa kwe-LLC.

Ngemuva kokugcwaliseka kwalowo nalowo msebenzi, futhi yilokho okufanele kube njalo, ngoba lezi yizenzo eziyimpoqo zekhomishini emisiwe yokuqedwa, kukhishwa isitifiketi. Lo mbhalo uqinisekisa iqiniso lokubhaliswa kolwazi mayelana nokuvalwa kwenkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe, bese i-LLC iyeka ukuba khona.

Isinyathelo # 3. Ukushicilelwa kolwazi ngokuqedwa kwe-LLC

Umthetho ubeka umthetho wokuthi ababhikishi kumele bathumele imininingwane efanele mayelana nokuvalwa kwenkampani emthonjeni osemthethweni. Ikona Umbiko wokubhaliswa kombuso... Lokhu kuyadingeka ukugcina ukwaziswa, ukuze ukuvalwa kwenhlangano kungabi yimfihlo kubabambiqhaza ikakhulukazi kwabakweletayo. Ngemininingwane egcwele ngemibandela yokufaka izicelo, amafomu abo nokuningi, bheka iwebhusayithi esemthethweni -amas-ikham.ru

Isinyathelo # 4. Isikweletu Sababolekisi. Ukucwaningwa kwentela esizeni

Yazisa ababolekisi ngokuqedwa kwenkampani - isimo esidingekayo. Kumele baqonde ukuthi inkampani iyavala futhi, ngokufanele, zonke izikweletu ezikhona kufanele zikhokhwe. Mayelana nalokhu, kunezinombolo eziningi zokuqinisekisa eziqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwelungelo lababolekisi lokufuna ukwenziwa kwezibopho ezibasizayo.

Ngokuqondene nokuhlolwa kwentela, esigabeni sokuqedwa kwebhizinisi elisemthethweni, amacala abanye imali efihliwe noma nhlobo ukungakhokhi intela nezimali ezidingekayo.

Ukuze kuhlonzwe ukwephulwa komthetho kule ndawo lapho kusetshenzwa khona, okungukuthi, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwentela endaweni yenhlangano.

Isinyathelo # 5. Ukwakheka kwesilinganiso sesikhathi sokuqedwa kwesikhashana

Lezi zenzo nazo ziyenziwa umthengisi... Ngemuva kokuthi zonke izimangalo ezikhona sezilethwe ngabakweletwayo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kungakapheli isikhathi Izinyanga ezi-2, kona kanye lokhu kulinganiswa kwenziwa. Iqopha kuyo uqobo imininingwane ephathelene nempahla yenkampani, kanye nezibopho kwabakweletwayo.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ibhalansi ivunywa ngumhlangano jikelele, bese kwenziwa isaziso semvume bese sithunyelwa kuziphathimandla ezibhalisayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isaziso kufanele sibhalwe phansi.

Ukubhaliswa, ngaphezu kwebhalansi uqobo, amadokhumenti afana ne- isitatimende, isinqumo ekwamukelweni kolwazi mayelana nempahla kanye nesiqinisekiso sokuthi yonke imininingwane edingekayo ibikhona eshicilelwe ku- Bulletin of State Registration.

Uma zonke izidingo zihlangatshezwa, ikhomishini yokuqedwa kwemali ingaqhubeka ngokuphepha esigabeni esilandelayo sokuvala inkampani.

Isinyathelo 6. Ishidi lokugcina lokuqedwa kwemali kanye nokudluliswa kwemibhalo kuziphathimandla zeNtela

Ukulungiswa kokugcina kwempahla yenhlangano kwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi zonke izikweletu sezikhokhiwe. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze izinsalela zempahla zabiwa ngokufanele phakathi kwabahlanganyeli ngaphandle kokwephula izibopho kubantu besithathu.

Uhlelo lokudweba ibhalansi lokugcina lokuvala impahla luhambisana nalesi sesikhashana. Uyamukelwa, kuthathwa isinqumo ngalokhu. Lesi yisinyathelo sokugcina ngaphambili ukuthi inkampani izosifuna kanjani isimo se-LLC eqediwe.

Ngemuva kwazo zonke izinqubo ngempahla yenhlangano, izikweletu zayo, yonke imibhalo edingekayo kufanele ilunge kuhlotshisiwe futhi zilungisiwe... Okwamanje, isicelo sifakwa kusiphathimandla sokubhalisa.

Isimo sesitatimende esinjalo sicaciswe ngokomthetho, futhi noma iyiphi insiza esemthethweni inganikeza isampula.

Udinga futhi ukufaka isitifiketi esikhwameni sempesheni esiqinisekisa ukungabibikho kwemali esilele emuva, irisidi lokukhokha intela yombuso (kusukela ngo-2019, lapho kubhaliswa ukuvalwa kwe-LLC ngohlobo lwe-elektroniki, umsebenzi wombuso cha)... Ukuhanjiswa kwezicelo, izitifiketi neminye imibhalo kwenziwa ngu umthengisi noma ikhomishini yokuqothula impahla.

Isinyathelo 7. Isitifiketi Sokukhishwa Kenkampani Enesikweletu Esilinganiselwe.

Lesi sigaba ngesokugcina. Iqedela inqubo enzima kakhulu yokuqeda i-LLC. Iphakheji edingekayo idluliswa yidokhumenti kusiphathimandla sokubhalisa.

Uma ukhumbula, khona-ke kuzofaka phakathi: lkanye nephepha lokulinganisa ukuqedwa kwempahla, isinqumo ngokuvunywa kwayo, isitatimende kanye nedokhumenti ezoqinisekisa ukuthi bonke ababolekisi baziswa ngesikhathi ngokuvalwa kwenhlangano.

Uma lonke uhlu luqoqiwe, khona-ke isiphathimandla sentela ngaphakathi Izinsuku ezi-5 (ezinhlanu) ihlola wonke amaphepha, iyawahlola bese ingena kuRejista lapho kuqedwa khona inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe.

Ngokuya ngalokhu, isitifiketi sinikezwa abasunguli, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi inhlangano esemthethweni iyayeka ukuba khona.

Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwe-LLC, udinga ukuvala i-akhawunti yokukhokhela yenhlangano bese uthumela yonke imibhalo endaweni yokugcina umlando (ukubhujiswa kwezimpawu, njll.)

5. Yini okufanele yenziwe ngemuva kokuvalwa kwe-LLC 📄

Ngokomthetho, ukuvalwa kwanoma iyiphi inhlangano esemthethweni kuphela ekugcineni kwezinyathelo okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla.

Kodwa-ke, kunezinqubo ezimbalwa ezimbalwa ezithi zibalulekile ukuze ngokuzayo inkampani ekweletwayo elinganiselwe ingakhunjulwa njenge izikhungo zezikweletufuthi iziphathimandla zentela.

Izenzo ezinjalo zifaka phakathi Isixazululo senkinga nama-akhawunti wokukhokhelwa kwenkampani kanye nemibhalo esele ngenxa yalokho. Kungemva kokuba lezi zikhathi sezixazululiwe kuphela lapho umuntu angakhohlwa ngokuphelele ngomphakathi owawukhona ngaphambilini.

• Ngakho eyokuqala ithi ngibheka i-akhawunti... Idinga ukuvalwa. Udinga nje ukuxhumana nebhange, ukuhlinzeka ngesicelo seklayenti lebhange kanye nesitifiketi esiqinisekisa ukuthi i-LLC iqediwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuthola okukhishwe kuRejista Yombuso.

Ibhange ngokwesisekelo salezi ziphepho liphoqelekile ukuvala i-akhawunti yokukhokha ye-LLC. Yazisa ngakho Igunya lentela futhi Isikhwama sempesheni sikweleta ibhange lapho kwavulwa khona i-akhawunti... Ngemuva kwalezi zinqubo, uhlangothi lwezezimali lwendaba ekugcineni seluvaliwe, kusindisa abasunguli ekulawuleni ngokweqile kwemizimba yombuso.

• Isenzo sesibili - ukuhanjiswa kwemibhalo kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezimpawu... Konke okudinga ukuthunyelwa kungobo yomlando kusungulwa ngumthetho we-Federal olawula le ndawo. Ngemuva kokugcwalisa lo mthetho, ungakhohlwa ngobukhona benkampani enesikweletu esinqunyelwe ngaphandle kokwesaba ukunakwa yizinhlaka ezilawulayo.

6. Izindleko nesikhathi sokuvala 💰📆

Ngaphandle kokuthi isinqumo sokuvala inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe ngabasunguli senziwa ngokuzimela, kunemikhawulo eminingi.

Eyokuqala yazo inqubo ecacile yokuqeda impahla, eqhuba ababambiqhaza kule nqubo ibe ngohlaka oluthile, lokhu kungafaka isikhathi kanye nezindleko zenqubo yokuvala inhlangano esemthethweni. Akunakwenzeka ukunqamula imisebenzi yomphakathi ngesikhathi esifushane.futhi lokhu kuba yinkinga enkulu kwabanye abasunguli. Kodwa kungani?

Isikhathi sokuqala esikhanga iso lakho - Izinsuku ezintathu (ezintathu), okufanele iphelelwe yisikhathi kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kwesinqumo.

Kungemva kwalokhu kuphela lapho imininingwane ingashicilelwa emthonjeni osemthethweni, futhi lokhu kungenye indawo yokuqala yethemu entsha, ephakeme kakhulu kunaleyo edlule. Kamuva kuphela Izinyanga ezimbili (ezimbili) ngemuva kokuthi ulwazi selufakwe kwi-State Registration Bulletin, kubhalwa ibhalansi yokuqedwa kwemali bese ithunyelwa. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona izinhlawulo nezikweletu, kuncishiswa kube yinyanga eyodwa.

Elinye igama okumele sibhekane nalo ukuthatha isinqumo. Isiphathimandla sentela sinquma isiphetho senkampani ngesikhathi Izinsuku ezi-5 (ezinhlanu).

Ingqikithi Inqubo yokuqedwa kwe-LLC kungathatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga eyodwa noma ezimbili.

Imali yombuso yokufaka isicelo sokuqedwa kweNkampani Yezikweletu Ezilinganiselwe kwifomu lephepha ngu Ama-ruble angu-800.

Kusukela ngo-2019, lapho ufaka isicelo ngogesi, imali yombuso yokuqedwa kwe-LLC engekho... Kepha ngalokhu udinga ukukhipha i-EDS (isiginesha ye-elekthronikhi yedijithali)

7. Inqubo yokuxoshwa kwabasebenzi lapho kuqedwa inhlangano 📖

Noma iyiphi inkampani inabasebenzi. Vele, inqubo efana nokuqedwa kwe-LLC ayinakubathinta. Ukuba khona kwabasebenzi akubaphuci abasunguli ilungelo lokuvala inhlangano yabo, kodwa kumele babheke wonke amalungelo nezintshisekelo zabasebenzi.

Umthetho wokuqala obalulekile maqondana nalokhu uphakamisa ukuthi abasebenzi benkampani kumele baziswe ngokuvalwa, futhi ezinyangeni ezimbili (ezimbili)... Ngokuvamile lokhu kuba yisaziso esibhaliwe kuphela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqashi kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi insizakalo yokuqashwa ithola imininingwane ngomsebenzi ngamunye. Isikhundla, umsebenzi, okukhethekile, umholo, - konke lokhu kubikwa kule sevisi ukuze kube khona omunye umsebenzi ongakhetha kuwo ngesikhathi sokuvalwa.

Kufanele uhlale ukhumbula ukuthi le nqubo incike kwinani labasebenzi enkampanini. Lapho ukudilizwa kwenzeka ngobuningi, okungukuthi, izwe lifaka abantu abangaphezu kweshumi nesithupha, futhi leli iningi lamacala, lapho-ke kufanele baziswe kungakadluli isikhathi 3 (three) izinyanga.

Yize lo mkhawulo ungewona umkhawulo noma ubuncane, ungahluka ngokuya ngomkhakha womsebenzi ngisho nasendaweni lapho umphakathi utholakala khona. Futhi-ke, bonke abasebenzi, noma ngabe bangakanani isibalo sabo, kufanele bakhokhelwe amaholo, amaholo eholide kanye nemali yokuyeka umsebenzi.

Uma umqashi eyishaya indiva le mithetho, kungenzeka angabi nezinkinga kuphela ngenqubo yokuqedwa kwe-LLC, kepha futhi izingxabano nabasebenzi, eligcwele ukungenelela kwe-Labour Inspectorate.

Ake sibhekisise ukuvalwa kwe-LLC ezimweni ezahlukahlukene, okungukuthi ukuvalwa kwe-LLC ngezikweletu (ukuqothuka), ukushintshwa kwezimenenja, ukuhlelwa kabusha, njalonjalo.

8. AmaNuances wokuvala i-LLC ezimweni ezahlukahlukene 📎

Njengoba kuphawuliwe ekuqaleni kwendatshana, izizathu zokwamukela isinqumo sokuqeda inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe kakhulu, kwehluke kakhulu. Zingadalwa yizimo eziningi ezihluke ngokuphelele komunye nomunye.

Vele, lokhu kubonakala kuyo kanye inqubo yokuvala inhlangano esemthethweni. Umthetho uhlinzeka ngomqondo ojwayelekile nezinhlinzeko zokuthi inqubo enjalo kufanele iqhubeke kanjani, noma kunjalo, kucatshangelwa izici ezithile zecala ngalinye liyadingeka.

Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa izindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo, okuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ukuvalwa, ngaphezu kwezimpawu ezijwayelekile, kufaka nezici eziningi ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuqedelweni kwazo ngempumelelo.

8.1. Ukumiswa kwe-LLC ngezikweletu (ukuqothuka)

Ukwehluleka ukukhokha izikweletu kubakweletisi yisizathu esivame kakhulu sokuvalwa kwenkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe.

Ukuqothuka ngokwakho kuyinkqubo enzima kakhulu, futhi ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa nokuvalwa kwebhizinisi elisemthethweni. Kodwa-ke, ngasikhathi sinye, le ndlela ukumisa noma yimuphi umsebenzi wamukelekile futhi ungomunye we elula kakhulu kubasunguli.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuqothuka kwenkampani ikuvumela ukuthi usule izikweletu, okusho ukuthi, ikhipha ezibophweni eziya kubabolekisi, futhi futhi ayihlanganisi lutho osizayo, ezokuphatha noma isikweletu sentela.

Yini ubuhlakani bokuvala i-LLC ngezikweletu? Iphuzu ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukumemezela ukuthi inkampani esemthethweni iqothukile ngaphandle kokubandakanya uchwepheshe. Izinsizakalo zakhe zibiza imali eningi, futhi lokhu kuvame ukudala ubunzima, ngoba kwesinye isikhathi intengo ilingana cishe nazo zonke izikweletu zenkampani.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusungulwe amatemu amade kakhulu enketho enjalo yokuqeda umphakathi. Ukuvala i-LLC kungathatha cishe Izinyanga eziyi-18 (ishumi nesishiyagalombili), ngoba kunqubo yokuqedwa kwayo uqobo, kwengezwa futhi umsebenzi wochwepheshe othintekayo ngqo. Kubuye kuthathe isikhathi esiningi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokunqanyulwa kwenkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe: kugcwelefuthi lula.

Esimweni sokuqala, ukuqothuka kumenyezelwa ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho, ngazo zonke izindleko nokuhambisana nombandela ngamunye odingwa ngumthetho.

Kepha ukhetho lwesibili lubizwa kanjalo ngokuthi lwenziwe lula, okwenza inqubo iguquguquke. Kulokhu, kuthinteka kuphela izimfuno zabaphathi.

Imvamisa, ngenqubo elula yokuqothuka, bona utholwe engenacala kulokhu, lokho okudingekayo, ngemuva kwalokho bayasuswa enombolweni yabasunguli, abazothwala isikweletu esisekelayo.

8.2. Ukukhishwa kwe-LLC nge-zero balance

Akuzona zonke izinkampani ezingaziqhayisa ngemali enkulu engenayo (inzuzo) bese zakha ishidi elibalulekile lokuqedwa kwemali ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqedwa.

Akuvamile ukuthi umphakathi ungabi nalutho nakancane futhi ibhalansi yawo ingathathwa njengeqanda. Kodwa-ke, ukuze le ndlela yokuvala umphakathi isebenze ngokugcwele, kufanele kuhlangatshezwane nemibandela eminingana.

Ungayivala kanjani i-LLC nge-zero balance?

Ukuvala ifemu nge-zero balance, udinga ukufanisa imibandela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imali engenayo, izindleko inhlangano, inzuzo, ukuntuleka kweminikelo edingekayo yomphakathi kanye nemisebenzi jikelele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiphathimandla sentela kumele imibhalo kumele ihanjiswelokho kuzoqinisekisa wonke la maqiniso. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi ibhalansi yenkampani ibe yi-zero futhi, ngalesi sizathu, yenze ukuvalwa kwayo.

Esimweni lapho ibhalansi ye-LLC (inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe) ingu-zero, kunezinketho ezintathu zokuqeda umsebenzi wawo.

Okokuqala - umemezele njengongenamali. Okwesibili - isinqumo esizimele sokuthi ukwenza ibhizinisi ucubungula isimo sezinto akusikhuthazi, okungukuthi, kulokhu, abasunguli benqaba ngokuzithandela ukuqhubeka nokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi. FUTHI okwesithathu - Ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela. Ungathengisa ibhizinisi noma umane uhlele kabusha ibhizinisi elisemthethweni, kepha lezi zinqubo ezinde futhi ezibizayo.

Kungakho, ezimeni eziningi, abanikazi bamabhizinisi bephendukela enkambweni yokuqothuka, okwenza isimo sabo lula izikhathi eziningana.

8.3. Ngokuhlanganiswa

Umthetho wezomphakathi ukhomba izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlelwa kabusha kwenhlangano esemthethweni. Kodwa-ke, okuvame kakhulu kubo, okuhlobene ngqo nenqubo yokuqothula impahla, ukuhlangana... Inketho yokuxhuma nayo ingenzeka, nakho okungekho kuhlelo lokusebenza.

Umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili nguukuthi esimweni sokuqala, zonke izinhlangano ziyavalwa futhi kudalwa eyodwa entsha ngesisekelo sayo, kuthi kwesesibili, kuvulwe inkampani eyodwa kuphela, ekugcineni eba yingxenye yelinye ibhizinisi elisemthethweni.

Kunoma ikuphi, inqubo yokuqedwa kwemali ishiwo, okwenza le ndlela ibe ngeyodwa kakhulu elula futhi iyatholakala ezimweni eziningi.

Lapho usebenzisa enye yezindlela ezethulwe zokuhlela kabusha, kufanele ukhumbule ngokulandelana kwezomthetho. Uma abasunguli benquma hlangana noma ujoyine umphakathi wabo komunye, kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi ngaphezu kwawo wonke amalungelo namathuba, izikweletu nazo zizodlula.

Kodwa-ke, iqiniso lokuthi kunezibopho ezingagcwaliseki kubabolekisi ezenza le ndlela ithandwe kakhulu, ngoba imvamisa izinhlangano ezintsha zinezimali ezanele namandla okukhokha izikweletu nokusungula ibhizinisi.

8.4. Ngokushintsha abasunguli

Le ndlela yokuqeda ibhizinisi ingeyeqembu lezinye izinhlobo.

Akunasidingo sokwenza izinqubo eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuvala inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe, futhi, empeleni, iyaqhubeka nokuba khona nokuqalisa ukusebenza kwayo, yingxenye yayo ebusayo kuphela eguqukayo.

Ushintsho lwabasunguli, kanye nababhali bama akhawunti abakhulu - imfuneko yale ndlela... Kubalulekile ukuthi abasebenzi abasha bangewona amalungu e-LLC, ngaphandle kwalokho incazelo yenye indlela yokuqeda amacala izolahleka.

Inqubo yale nqubo ilula kakhulu. Lapho kufakwa esikhundleni se-accountant oyinhloko, akukho okudingekayo ngaphandle kokuthi ama-oda ajwayelekile ngaphakathi kwenkampani uqobo.

Endabeni yamakhanda ezinhlangano, ukubamba iqhaza kwesiphathimandla sentela kuyadingeka. Unikezwa imininingwane ngezinguquko kubasunguli, okugcina kufakwa kwirejista yombuso.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi indlela ibhizinisi elivalwa ngayo ngaso sonke isikhathi kuya ngezizathu. Izinhlinzeko ezijwayelekile zinikeza kuphela umbono ongaqondakali wokuthi yini okufanele ibe inqubo yokuqeda ibhizinisi elisemthethweni, kepha esimweni ngasinye esithile kuyadingeka ukutadisha zonke izici nokukhetha izindlela ezifanele kakhulu zokubhekana nezinkinga ebhizinisini.

8.5. Izinguquko lapho kuqedwa ngo-2020

Umthetho ube nezinguquko eziningi kule minyaka embalwa edlule. Ngo-2016-2017, umthethonqubo wokuqedwa kwebhizinisi elisemthethweni wenze izinguquko ezinkulu, okungenani uma kuqhathaniswa nezinkambiso zangaphambilini. Ezinye zezikhathi ezijwayelekile zale nqubo zihlelwe kakhulu.

Ukuhlinzekelwa okuyinhloko okwenze izinguquko eziningi kufaka phakathi uhlu oluphelele olulandelayo:

1. Ukunikezwa kolwazi lokushicilelwa emthonjeni osemthethweni kwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi isiphathimandla sentela sithole isaziso esidingekayo, phambilini lo mthetho wawungekho.
2. Uma phambilini bonke abasunguli bethathe isinqumo ngendaba yokuqoka umuntu ozovala impahla, manje lelo thuba lidlula kuphela ekhanda.
3. Yikhanda kuphela elingamemezela ukuqedwa kwesigaba salo sokuqala, ngenkathi ngaphambili, noma yibaphi ababambiqhaza enkampanini enomthwalo olinganiselwe bengakwenza lokhu.
4. Isikhathi esiyizinyanga ezimbili sokulungiselela ishidi lesikhashana lokuqedwa kwebhizinisi libuye libe yinto entsha ngo-2016. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyaziwa ukuthi uma ukuqedwa kwemali kuphoqelekile, ibhalansi inikezwa kuphela ngemuva kokusebenza kwesinqumo senkantolo, nangesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwentela, ngemuva kokubhaliswa kwayo yonke imiphumela yayo, okungukuthi, lapho sekuqediwe.

Ukukhishwa kwe-LLC ngezikweletu - imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuthi ungamemezela kanjani ukuthi i-LLC ibhukile, ukuholwa ngokuqothuka kwenkampani enesikweletu

9. Ukuqothuka kwe-LLC - izindlela zokuvala i-LLC ngezikweletu 💸

Ukwedlula kwezindleko zenkampani ngaphezu kwemali engenayo kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ayikwazi nje ukufeza izibopho zayo.

Uma umphakathi wehluleka ukukhokha ababolekisi, futhi lokhu kwenzeka kaningi kunalokho umuntu abengacabanga ngakho, kufanele ukuthi kubizwe ngokuhluleka ukukhokha imali. Lo mqondo uthatha ukusetshenziswa kwenqubo efana ne- ukuqothuka kwenhlangano esemthethweni.

Imisebenzi enjalo ihlose ukwenza ngcono isimo sezezimali senhlangano, futhi uma lokhu kungenzeki, kuholele ekuqedweni. Le yindlela enhle yokukhulula abasunguli futhi ikhanda umphakathi odingeka ukhokhe izikweletu ngokusemthethwenikodwa-ke, ngeke kukwazi ukukhuluma ngokuqhubeka okushelelayo nokuphephile kwebhizinisi.

9.1. Izizathu nezimpawu zokuqothuka

Kufaka ini ukukhokha izikweletu kwanoma iyiphi inkampani? Kunezimo eziningi ezithinta lesi sici. Ezinye izimo zehluke kakhulu kangangokuba akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzifake kunoma yiliphi iqembu elijwayelekile.

Kodwa-ke, kunqunywa izizathu eziningi ezijwayelekile futhi ezibhekwa njengezona zisemqoka endleleni yokuqothuka.

Isizathu 1. Ukuntuleka kwezimpahla zakho

Lesi sici sinomthelela omubi kakhulu esimweni sezezimali somphakathi. Imvamisa, ukuntuleka kwempahla kwenzeka ngenxa yosizo olunganele ezikhungweni zezikweletu, okunciphisa kakhulu imali engenayo yebhizinisi elisemthethweni.

Ukuntuleka kwemali yokusebenza kuhola kancane kancane ukuthi imisebenzi yenkampani yehle, ngenxa yalokho kuyiphuca ithuba lokuthola imali mboleko entsha futhi, ngokufanele, ukuba nezimali zokuqhubeka nokusebenza kwebhizinisi.

Isizathu 2. Ukuntuleka kokulawulwa kwemisebenzi

Inani elikhulu lezinkokhelo ezihlehlisiwe, ukwanda okusheshayo kwebhizinisi, ukunikezwa kwemali mboleko kulabo, empeleni, abangathembekile - konke lokhu kuthinta umsebenzi wenkampani iyonke futhi kukhombisa ukungabi namandla okuphelele kokulawula.

Lokhu kuvame kakhulu lapho inhlangano isezingeni eliphezulu futhi inenzuzo enhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kube yiphutha lokuntuleka kolawulo okuholele ekwehleni kwenani elikhulu lezinkampani ezibonakala ziphumelela.

Isizathu 3. Ukwehla kombuso womphakathi

Le nto ihlale ikhonjiswa ukuthi inkampani inenzuzo kangakanani, isebenza ngokwezezimali futhi ikwazi ukuncintisana nezinye izinhlangano.

Ngokushesha nje lapho noma iyiphi yale misebenzi icekelwa phansi, singasho ngokuvikelekile ukuthi umphakathi uthathe indlela yokuqothuka.

Isizathu 4. Umkhiqizo ongancintisani

Kulokhu, ukusetshenziswa okungafanele, ukwenziwa kwalokhu noma lowo mkhiqizo, noma isidingo esibi saso kungaholela inkampani ekuqothukeni, ngakho-ke umsebenzi wayo uzoma kakhulu ngenxa yokwehluleka ukuthengisa umkhiqizo wayo.

Isizathu 5. Amaphutha okuphatha, amanani entengo angalungile nokuncintisana okunolaka

Izizathu ezibalwe, zombili ngokuhlangene nangokuhlukanisiwe, zingakucekela phansi kakhulu ukuphumelela kwanoma iyiphi inkampani.

Akuzona zonke izinhlangano ezingazishaya isifuba ngokuphathwa okuhloniphekile, kanti ezinye futhi zikhokhisa amanani aphezulu kakhulu, uma kubhekwa ukuthi kuhlale kunenye indlela emakethe.

Isizathu 6. Inkinga yezomnotho nesimo esingesihle sezepolitiki

Lezi zizathu zingaphandle. Abancikile kakhulu enhlanganweni uqobo lwayo, noma kunjalo, noma iyiphi inkampani kufanele icubungule zonke izici zokwenza ibhizinisi ngesizotha nokuvikela ubunzima obungahle bube khona.

Imbangela - yilokhu okwenza izehlakalo ezithile. Kodwa-ke, ukuthi unganquma kanjani ukuthi isimo esikhona manje emphakathini sihlobene nokuqothuka.

Izimpawu zalesi simo zizosiza ukukuqonda lokhu, futhi ngamanye amagama, izimfuneko ezidingekayo zokungeniswa kwemali ebhizinisini elisemthethweni:

• ukwehluleka ukukhokha izikweletu ezinyangeni ezintathu ngemuva kokutholwa kwezimangalo kuyisibonakaliso esikhulu sokuqothuka, ngaphandle kwalo ngeke kube khona ukukhuluma ngale nqubo;
• ukwanda kwama-akhawunti okutholwayo;
• yeqa ibhalansi yenkampani, futhi akunandaba ukuthi kuyizimpahla noma okuphambene nalokho, izikweletu;
• ukwehla okubukhali noma ukwanda kwezimpahla;
• ukwehluleka ukuhlinzeka ngemibhalo edingekayo.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu, ezibhekwa njengezona eziyinhloko, kwesinye isikhathi nazo ezingaqondile ziyahlukaniswa.

Lokhu kungabalwa kalula ukungezwani phakathi kwabaphathi, ukubiza ngokweqile, okungathetheleleki, ukubambezeleka kokuxazulula imisebenzi, futhi ukunikezwa kwegunya, okwakungafanele futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kwakungasebenzi.

9.2. Izinyathelo ngezinyathelo zokuqothuka kwe-LLC - ukuhleleka kwesenzo

Umthetho waseRussia unaka kakhulu izingqinamba ezihlobene nokuqothula izinhlangano zomthetho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inqubo yokuqothuka isiza izinhlangano eziningi ukuthi ziqhubeke zisebenza futhi zibuyise isimo sazo sezezimali.

Vele, lokhu akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi, kepha ngaphezu kokuvuselela ibhizinisi, kungamsiza qeda ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kakhulu ngoba abasunguli futhi abaholi.

Inqubo yokuqothuka inesakhiwo sayo, njengenqubo yokuqothula. Eyokuqala ingafakwa kwesesibili. Kodwa-ke, ngasikhathi sinye, kusahlonzwa izinyathelo eziningana zokumemezela umuntu ehluleka ukukhokhela izikweledu, okusho ukuthi ufile.

9.2.1. Isicelo sokuvala

Isinyathelo sokuqala, esibeka izisekelo zokumemezela ukuthi inkampani esemthethweni ifile, sihlobene nokuya enkantolo.

Isicelo sithunyelwa kuphela uma kukhona 3 (three) izimo, futhi kufanele babe iqoqo kuphela.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi: ukungakwazi ukukhokha isikweletu, ukwehluleka ukufeza izibopho ngaphakathi 3 (izinyanga ezintathu) futhi inani elikweletwayo kufanele lilingane 300 000 (ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu).

Okubalulekile! Uma okungenani eyodwa yezidingo ingekho, le nqubo ayinakusetshenziswa nje.

Kodwa-ke, uma zonke izimo zihlangatshezwa, khona-ke umuntu othintekayo, futhi nalokhu kungaba njalo umholinoma okweletwayo wokuqothukanoma ibhange noma intela, uhambisa isicelo enkantolo nesicelo sokubona inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe ukuqothuka.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunenzuzo enkulu ukuthumela isitatimende kumuntu okweletayo, ngoba kulesi simo kuzoba njalo ukhomishani wokuqothuka, okuzoholela inkampani esimweni akubekezeleleki.

buhle le ndlela ukuthi ayithathi isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho isinqumo semenenja sithathwa, emva kwenyanga ungaya enkantolo yokulamula, ezoqinisekisa inani lezikweletu futhi ivume ukuthi inkampani ayikwazi ukufeza izibopho zayo.

Uma okweletayo ngokwakhe efaka isicelo sokuqothuka, lokhu kuvame kakhulu kahle kungathinta inqubo yokuqothuka, ngoba isikhathi esigciniwe singasiza ekubuyiseleni inhlangano futhi ngeke siholele ekwehlulekeni kwayo kokugcina.

Ngakho-ke, yini enye okudingeka uyazi ngalesi sinyathelo? Imibhalo. Kukhona njalo uhlobo oluthile lwamaphepha adingekayo kuzo zonke izenzo zomthetho. Ziqinisekisa amaqiniso athile abalulekile.

Kulokhu, ngaphezu kokufaka isicelo enkantolo, umthetho ubeka ukuthi le mibhalo elandelayo iyadingeka:

• kukhishwe kwiRejista Yombuso (USRLE);
• ibhalansi sheet;
• Imibhalo yokubhalisa ye-LLC;
• ukuhlolwa okuzimele kwazo zonke izimpahla ezibonakalayo zenkampani;
• iphrothokholi eqinisekisa ukuqokwa kommeleli wenkampani (okweletayo) enkantolo yokulamula;
• I-OGRN nerejista equkethe izimangalo zabo bonke ababolekisi.

9.2.2. Ukuqaphela

Lesi sinyathelo kungukuqala kwalezo zenzo ezibhekiswe ngqo ohlangothini olusebenzayo lwenqubo yokuqothuka. Lesi sigaba sibonakaliswa iqiniso lokuthi inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe iyaqhubeka nokusebenza, inamathele embusweni ojwayelekile, kepha, ngokufana, umphathi oqokiwe wokuqashwa uhlaziya isimo sezimali senkampani.

Okubalulekile! Ngalesi sikhathi, abaholi nabasunguli ngeke yenza ezinye izenzo ezibalulekile ngokomthetho, ngokwesibonelo, ukusabalalisa inzuzo noma ukwenza ukuhlelwa kabusha.

Akuvunyelwe ukwenza izinqumo ezimbalwa ezibalulekileokuvame ukwenziwa ngabahlanganyeli emisebenzini ye-LLC.

Futhi kulesi sigaba, kwenziwa irejista yezimangalo zabakweletwayo. Bakha umhlangano lapho banquma khona zonke izindaba ezidingekayo.

Ukuqaphela kubalulekile ngoba, ngokuya ngemiphumela yayo, umphathi wokulamula udweba umbiko, ozoba yisisekelo sesinqumo esithathwe yinkantolo.

Imenenja, isikuthole konke okudingekayo, izobheka isimo bese ikhetha enye yezinketho ezingaba khona ngemicimbi eqhubekayo.

Lokhu kungaba ukuqala kwenqubo yokuqothuka, noma ukuqokwa kwabaphathi bangaphandle, noma ukuphela kwesivumelwano esinokuthula.

Futhi, ukwenza isinqumo esinjalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlinzekwe indlela kanye nezicelo zabo bonke ababolekisi.

9.2.3. Ukuhlelwa kabusha njengendlela yokuphuma ebunzimeni bezezimali

Okulandelayo - ukuthuthukiswa kwezempilo... Izinyathelo ezinjalo zihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe iyaqhubeka nokuba khona futhi igweme ukuvalwa.

Imvamisa kubhekiswa njengokuhlelwa kabusha usizo lwabakweletwayo, intela ekhethekile, - zonke lezo zinyathelo ezingathuthukisa isimo sezezimali.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ukuvuselelwa kwenkampani akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ekugcineni kwenqubo yokuqothuka, isinqumo singenziwa ungahlanzeki, futhi ivalwe i-LLC ngayo yonke imiphumela elandelayo.

9.2.4. Ukuthengiswa kwempahla yenkampani

Isinyathelo esifanayo senzeka ecaleni lapho inkantolo ithatha isinqumo ngokuqokwa kwezinqubo zokuqothuka. Umqondo wukuthi ubambe indali, lapho kuthengiswa khona impahla yababhangi nabakweletayo. Bavumelana ngalokhu futhi basungula yonke imibandela ebalulekile ababolekisi, ngokwakha umhlangano.

Zonke izenzo ezenzelwe inkampani, okungukuphela kwezinkontileka zokuthengisa nabathengi kumathenda avulekile nakwezinye izindaba, zenziwa ngukhomishani wokuqothuka.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lesi sinyathelo sibonakaliswa iqiniso lokuthi inqubo yokudlulisa impahla yenkampani ichazwe ngokusobala.

Kuqala ukufika isinxephezelo ngomonakalo, Ngaphezu kwalokho izinkokhelo kubasebenzi abadiliziwe, futhi kuphela endaweni yesithathu zonke izikweletu zibuyiselwa kwabakweletwayo.

Uma inkampani inesikweletu kusuka kunoma yiliphi ibhange noma enye inhlangano yezikweletu, lapha ukukhokha kwenziwa ngesisekelo serejista ejwayelekile.

9.2.5. Isivumelwano sokuhlala

Isinyathelo esilula kakhulu ezinkambisweni zokuqothuka ukuthula phakathi kwamaqembu... Lokhu, empeleni, akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi, kepha uma ababambiqhaza bekwazile ukuvuma, inkantolo iyakwazi ukunquma ngokuvumelana nendlela enjalo.

Iqiniso ukuthi okokuqala kunengxoxo ngesimo esikhona njengamanje, impahla iyathengiswa, kuhanjiswa imali ekhokhwayo, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthuthukisa isikhundla se-LLC. Ngemuva kwalokho, amaqembu asayina isivumelwano sokuthula, futhi ngokuzayo inkantolo yokulamula iyasamukela lesi sivumelwano.

Lo mbhalo ulawula zonke izinqubo nemigomo ezoqhubeka ivumele okweletayo ukuthi afeze izibopho zakhe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinyathelo ezibucayi.

Izindleko nemibandela yokuqedwa kwe-LLC ngokuqothuka

10. Ukumemezela ukuthi i-LLC ifile - izici zenqubo yenkampani yokuqothuka 📉

Noma isiphi isenzo somthetho sinezici ezithile ezithile. Vele, umthetho ulungisa inani elikhulu lezinhlinzeko ezijwayelekile, ezinakho indima enkulu ukwenza, ngoba kuyisisekelo, noma kunjalo, izici zenqubo ngayinye yezomthetho kufanele zinikezwe yimithetho ekhethekile.

Lokhu kuyadingeka futhi inqubo yokuqothuka, ethathwa njengenye yezinto ezingavamile kakhulu emthethweni womphakathi. Njengakwinqubo yokuqedwa kwempahla uqobo, kunezici ezimbili zenqubo ebhekwayo, okuyisikhathi nezindleko.

1. Imibandela yokuqothuka

Inqubo yokuqothuka ithatha isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungenxa yenani elikhulu lezinhlobonhlobo zezinqubo ezixhunyiwe.

Thembela eqinisweni lokuthi kuzothatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ukumemezela njengongenamali akufanele, ngoba inqubo eyodwa kuphela ekhethwe yinkantolo engathatha izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha.

Ngakho-ke, siyini isikhathi sale ndawo?Into yokuqala okufanele uyikhumbule ubude besigaba sokuqala, okungukuthi, ukubuka. Ayikho imikhawulo ekufakeni isicelo, kepha umsebenzi womphathi wokulamula uvame ukuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ngokomthetho, aweqi kweyisikhombisa.

Okulandelayo, kufanele ucabangele izinqubo ezingakhethwa yinkantolo. Inqubo yokuqothuka, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ifaka izenzo eziningi ngempahla yenkampani.

Ukubhida, ukuhlangana kwabakweletwayo, ukuqedwa kwezinkontileka, - konke lokhu ndawonye kungathatha isikhathi esiningi. Lokhu kubonakala ngokucacile lapho kunqunywa isibopho esiphansi, okungukuthi 6 (izinyanga) izinyanga eziyisithupha.Inqubo yokuqothuka ingathatha iminyaka, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.

Enye inqubo yile ukuhlela kabusha... Lapha, ngokuphambene nalokho, imikhawulo ithinta umkhawulo ophezulu. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa isikhundla esikhethekile nosizo lwabakweletisi amashumi eminyaka ukulungisa izinto. Isikhathi esiphezulu sesikhathi sokululama ngu 2 (two) iminyaka.

Noma kunjalo, kukhona okuhlukile. Kwezinye izimo, okungukuthi uma kwenzeka inkampani ivalwa ngokuzithandela, kungenzeka ukunciphisa inqubo yokuqothuka ibe izinyanga eziyisikhombisa nje, okuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nenqubo enkulu, yenza kube lula ukuqedwa kwemisebenzi.

Vele, izichibiyelo ezinjalo zesikhathi zivela kuphela ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lokuvalwa kwenkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe akusho izehlakalo ezinjengalezi inqubo yokuqothuka, ukuphathwa kwangaphandle noma ukuhlela kabusha.

2. Izindleko zokuqothuka kwe-LLC

Awukho umsebenzi kahulumeni wezinqubo zokuqothuka. Kodwa-ke, ngokwezindleko, kungangcono uma umthetho usungula inkokhelo yesikhathi esisodwa esiyimpoqo, ngoba sekukonke kufanele okungenani ukumemezela ukuthi ibhizinisi lishonile Ama-ruble ayi-120,000 (ikhulu namashumi amabili wezinkulungwane).

Inani lingakhuphuka, ngoba ukuqothuka kubandakanya izindlela ezahlukahlukene, nazo ezinezindleko ezihlukile. Imvamisa, izenzo zihlolisiswa ngokususelwa ku- Ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 (amashumi amathathu) ngenyanga eyodwa yokusebenza.

Kulesi simo, okulandelayo kuyakhokhwa:

• izinsizakalo zomphathi wokulamula;
• izindleko ezitholwe ngenkathi kwenziwa ibhizinisi.

Ukukhokhelwa kwenzeka nge-akhawunti yasebhange yenkantolo yokulamula, futhi izimali zidluliselwa ngumuntu ofake isicelo sokumemezela ukuthi inkampani iphelile.

3. Ukuqothuka ngamabomu kuyicala

Memezela ukuthi inkampani engokomthetho ayikweletakusho ukumkhulula ekukhokheni izikweletu. Singasho ukuthi ukuqothuka kugwema ukugcwaliseka kwazo zonke izibopho zemali.

Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kulabo abasunguli benkampani abangasazibalule imisebenzi yabo futhi abakulungele ukuyimisa, ngenkathi besusa izikweletu. Futhi-ke, ukwahlulela ngencazelo yale nqubo, akuvamile ukuthi inkampani izilethe ngamabomu ezweni elizokwenza isimo sayo sezezimali sibe sibi kakhulu futhi siyivimbele ekufezeni izibopho zayo.

Ukuqothuka ngamabomu kuhlala kucasulwa... Izici zayo eziyinhloko yisiphetho semisebenzi leyo engenzi nzuzo futhi kwaziwa ngokuqinisekile, futhi ukwephulwa komthetho, ekukhishweni kwezinkontileka zokuphothula, nasekuqalisweni kokusebenza kwezinhlaka zokuphatha.

Ubani obhekene nalolu daba? Vele, umphathi we-insolvency, okwathi, ngenkathi ehlaziya isimo sezezimali se-LLC, akwazi ukubona ukuthi isimo sokushona sivumeleka kangakanani. Ucwaninga yonke imibhalo engaba khona, wenza ucwaningo ngokuthengiselana kwezezimali futhi ekugcineni afinyelele eziphethweni.

Uma ubufakazi obuqoqiwe banele ukuletha amacala, lapho-ke bayiswa enkantolo.Uma sikhuluma ngokuzibophezela kwesenzo esinjalo, singasho ngokuphepha ukuthi sihluke kakhulu. Lokhu no impahlafuthi ezokuphatha, ngisho icala lobugebengu... (Ngokwe-Civil and Criminal Codes (Federal Law No. 127))

Okubalulekileukuthi ngenxa yokuqothuka ngamabomu ikhanda lingabhekana nakho 6 (six) iminyaka isiphetho, nokho, lokhu kungenzeka kuphela lapho umbuso ulahlekelwe kakhulu.

Ukumiswa kwe-LLC (izinkampani ezinesikweletu esilinganiselwe) - inqubo ehlobene nokuqedwa kwanoma iyiphi imisebenzi yayo... Izizathu zalokhu zehluke kakhulu futhi kwesinye isikhathi zihlukaniswe kangangoba akunakuba nesinye isixazululo.

Le nqubo yokuvala i-LLC ihlala njalo kuthatha isikhathi eside, amabutho futhi ngisho nemali, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ukubaluleka kwayo akunakuphikwa, ngoba kuyasiza gcina inhlangano esemthethweni kusukela ekuhlulekeni ngokuphelele. Futhi-ke, uma ukhuluma ngokuqedwa kwemisebenzi, umuntu akakwazi ukukhumbula ukuqothuka.

Uketshezi kuhlobene eduze nale nqubo, ngoba enye ingancika kweyodwa. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ekuqedeni imisebenzi okunesizotha, okungukuthi, ukuvalwa kwe-LLC ngaphandle kokwephula umthetho, umuntu kufanele isitokwe ngesikhathi futhi landela ngokuqinile imithetho esunguliwe.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungavela isikweletu, esingafaki ngisho nokushushiswa kobugebengu.

Ekuphetheni, sikweluleka ukuthi ubheke ividiyo mayelana nokuqedwa kwe-LLC, lapho umbhali-ummeli echaza khona ukuthi ingavalwa kanjani inkampani enesikweletu esilinganiselwe:

Konke lokho okwethu.

Bafundi abathandekayo bephephabhuku i-Ideas for Life, sizojabula kakhulu uma nabelana ngemibono yenu, okuhlangenwe nakho kanye nokuphawula ngesihloko sokushicilelwa kumazwana angezansi. 

Siyethemba ukuthi i-athikili yethu (imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo) izokusiza ukuthi udlule ngempumelelo endleleni yokuqedwa komsebenzi wenhlangano esemthethweni oyivalayo.

Bukela ividiyo: my addiction (Julayi 2024).