Ukujwayela i-adenium enhle yokukhuluphala

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I-Adenium ithandwa, yinhle esitshalweni sayo esiqhakazayo, esaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Impala Lily, iDesert Rose noma i-Star of Sabinia. Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-50 ze-Adenium ziyaziwa, kepha ekhaya abalimi bakhulisa i-Adenium Fat.

Okulandelayo, sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe ngalesi sitshalo: ukukhanyisa, ukuchelela, izinga lokushisa, inhlabathi. Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okudingeka wazi lapho ukhula imbali, kuyingozi kanjani. Izici zokukhula endle. Yiziphi izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha. Uzofunda futhi ngezifo ezivamile ze-exotic.

Incazelo ye-Botanical nobungozi bayo

I-Adenium Fat (Adenium Thick) uhlobo lwezihlahla eziphansi noma ama-semi-shrub omndeni wakwaKurtovaya. Isitshalo esiqhakaza kahle, sinokuqina ngaphansi kwengxenye yesiqu, sikhula size sifike kuma-70 cm ukuphakama ezimweni zasendlini. Amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okotshani ngombala onesihloko esicijile noma esibuthuntu. Ukuma kwepuleti leqabunga yi-lanceolate, ubuso bucwebezela. Izimbali zimile okwefaneli, zinamacembe abomvu klebhu kanye ne-pith elula.

Okubalulekile! Ngaphandle kokuthi isitshalo sihlobisa, sinobuthi. Ijusi lalo lingangena esikhunjeni lingene egazini futhi lidale ubuthi. Ezinye izizwe zase-Afrika zisebenzisa i-Adenium ukwakha imicibisholo enobuthi. I-Adenium Fat ihlukaniswa ngosayizi wayo omncane, uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-Adenium (funda ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-Arabum lapha, nangokunhlobonhlobo kwe-Obesum okuchazwe lapha).

Isithombe

Ngezansi ungabheka izithombe zalesi sitshalo sendlu.

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

I-Adenium okhuluphele isitshalo esingenakuzithoba esitholile ukuthandwa ngokubukeka kwaso okungavamile. Izimbali zayo ezinemibala emisha noma ehlukahlukene emhlophe, ebomvu, ebomvu noma e-burgundy, ngokuhlangana nesiqu esiminyene, zibukeka zingajwayelekile. Ukungathobeki ngokwanele ukunakekelwa, kusadinga ukuhambisana neminye imithetho.

Ukukhanyisa

Ukukhanya okuhle kwalesi sitshalo kuyisihluthulelo sokukhula okunempilo nentuthuko. I-Adenium kufanele igcinwe emafasiteleni ohlangothini oluseningizimu lendlu, kodwa ilanga eliqondile, alithanda kakhulu, lingashisa umboko. Ekushiseni kwehlobo, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, kungcono ukususa ibhodwe ngomthunzi omncane. Ukuvimbela umqhele unganciki emthonjeni wokukhanya, kufanelekile ukuguqula isitshalo ngezikhathi ezithile.

Inkomba. Isidingo sika-Adenium sokukhanyisa ngqo sincike emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa, kudinga ukukhanya okukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sezithombo ezikhulayo.

Ezinyangeni zasebusika, ungasebenzisa izibani zokufakelwa ezisizayo:

Izibani ze-Fluorescent 40, 60, 80 W. Kunconywa ukufaka amalambu amaningi ngokuhlanganiswa nezikhombi zokwenza kahle okuphezulu.
I-Photodiode phytolamp iyasebenza kakhulu kepha iyabiza.
Izibani ze-Phytoluminescent ngesimo samashubhu. Ayonga kakhulu futhi anomthelela omuhle ku-photosynthesis, kepha ukukhanya kwawo kuyacasula emehlweni abantu.

Ukunisela

Ngokunisela, kusetshenziswe amanzi ahleliwe, okungcono ekamelweni lokushisa. I-hydration eningi iyadingeka ngezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo, futhi ukuchelela njalo akudingeki ebusika. Emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwama-degree angama-30, umhlabathi kufanele uhlale unomswakama, lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezitshalweni ezincane ezikhulayo. Ukunquma isidingo somswakama kulula ngokuhlola inhlabathi.

Umswakama owedlulele enhlabathini yesitshalo esidala awufiseleki.

Ithempelesha

Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu kokukhula okunethezeka kwe-Adenium kungacatshangelwa + 25-35 degrees. I-thermophilic kakhulu ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo yaseningizimu. Isikhathi esisuka entwasahlobo siye ekwindla, ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezisencane, yisikhathi esivumayo kakhulu. Ngokuncipha kokushisa komoya, eduze nobusika, i-Adenium iya esimweni sokuphumula. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaqabunga awela kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi ngokuphelele.

Amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu ayalimaza isitshalo, ngakho-ke ungasishiyi emakamelweni lapho kubanda khona ngaphezu kwama-degree ayi-10, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo lwempande lungabola.

Lapho ukhulisa isitshalo ezindlini zanamuhla, akukho ukufundwa okukhethekile kokushisa okudingekayo kokuqukethwe kwakho.

Okubalulekile! Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, umswakama kufanele ube phezulu noma ulinganise, emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ngokulandelana, aphansi.

I-Substrate

Inhlabathi ekhethwe kahle iyimininingwane ebalulekile yokukhulisa i-Adenium. Ungathenga ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo yama-succulent ezitolo ezikhethekile, noma ungaxuba ngokwakho ukwakheka.

Izingxenye zokulungiswa kwenhlabathi:

Inhlabathi yembali yendawo yonke - 50%, i-vermiculite - 15%, amalahle - 10%, i-perlite - 25%.
Inhlabathi kakhukhunathi - 50%, amalahle - 10%, i-vermiculite - 10%, i-perlite - 30%, isihlabathi somfula.
I-substrate kakhukhunathi - 30%, inhlabathi ye-cacti - 30%, i-vermiculite - 15%, i-perlite - 15%, isihlabathi somfula noma amalahle - 10%.

Ingxube kufanele ibe nkulu, ilungele umoya nomswakama. Izinga le-asidi lingesinye isici okufanele usicabangele. Enhlabathini ene-asidi, isitshalo ngeke sithathe izimpande futhi sife, ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo, udinga ukunaka izici. Uma i-PH ingaphansi kuka-5.8, inhlabathi ibhekwa njenge-asidi, uma ingaphezulu kwe-7, iyi-alkaline.

Ukuze ugweme izifo zefungal, ezinye izingxenye zokwakheka kufanele zenziwe inzalo usebenzisa isisombululo se-incandescent noma i-potassium permanganate.

Kusuka kuvidiyo uzofunda ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani ukuqala kwe-adenium:

Imbiza

Ukukhethwa kwesitsha sokutshala kuncike ekuthandeni komuntu ngamunye. Kukhona ikakhulukazi izimbiza zobumba nezeplastiki. Zihlukahlukene ezindaweni zazo.

Bobumba

Buhle bezimbiza zobumba:

ukuphefumula okuhle;
ukuzinza, ngenxa yesisindo sayo;
ukukhishwa kosawoti abayingozi ngezindonga.

Ubunzima:

ubumba luqhuba amakhaza nokushisa kahle: ebusika, isitshalo emafasiteleni apholile sizobanda, futhi ehlobo sizoshisa kakhulu;
ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimbotshana zebhodlela ziyavaleka;
ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, uhlelo lwempande lukhula luye endaweni engalingani ngaphakathi, futhi lungalimala ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha;
kuvela ama-streaks namabala avela kasawoti okhishwe.

Ipulasitiki

Buhle beziqukathi zepulasitiki:

izimpande zesitshalo azomi odongeni futhi zisuswa kalula ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha;
ipulasitiki ayipholi noma ishise kakhulu elangeni (ipulasitiki emhlophe);
usawoti akaqoqeki, kepha uyasuswa ngemigodi yamanzi ngesikhathi sokuchelela;
izindleko, ngokungafani nobumba noma izinto zobumba, ziphansi kakhulu.

Ubunzima:

ukuhwamuka kancane komswakama, okudinga ukulawula ngokucophelela ukunisela;
ipulasitiki emnyama ishisa kakhulu elangeni, izimbiza ezinjalo azinconyelwa amawindi ohlangothini oluseningizimu.

Encwadini. Kubalulekile ukukhulisa kahle iziqukathi. Ububanzi obufanele bebhodwe buphinda kabili ubukhulu besitshalo esingenhla. Ezitsheni ezincinene, i-Adenium ayizizwa kahle futhi ukukhula kwayo kuhamba kancane.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ngaphandle kokuthi i-Adenium iyisitshalo sasogwadule esiphila kahle endle ngokudla okuncane kwamavithamini awusizo, kufanele ivutshelwe njalo ekhaya.

Ngefomula yokudla okunempilo:

ukukhula nentuthuko kusheshiswa kakhulu;
ukubukeka kuyathuthukiswa;
ukumelana nokutheleleka ngezifo kuyanda.

Umanyolo nabagqugquzeli bokukhula beza ngezindlela ezahlukene:

isixazululo;
impuphu;
ama-granules;
ukuchelela;
ukufafaza.

Kuyadingeka ukunquma ngokukhetha nobuningi bokusetshenziswa, ngoba isitshalo singahlushwa amavithamini amaningi.

Umanyolo ungumthombo wezakhi ze-Adenium futhi imvamisa yokusetshenziswa kwawo iyahlukahluka ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ngomhlabathi wendawo yonke:

Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba - kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10.
Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMashi - kanye ngenyanga.

Ngenhlanganisela engenamhlabathi (ukhukhunathi fiber):

Ngentwasahlobo nasehlobo, ungavundisa njalo, ekwindla nasebusika, kanye njalo emavikini amabili.
I-coconut fiber iqukethe cishe awekho amavithamini awusizo, ngakho-ke ukugcwaliswa kabusha kuyadingeka kaningi.

Cishe yonke imanyolo yamaminerali esetshenziselwa ukutshala izitshalo zasendlini ifanele i-Adenium. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ezifuywayo:

I-Orton-humate - ilungele ama-substrates kakhukhunathi ancishwe izakhi.
I-Siliplant universal - elungele ukuvundisa izitshalo ezivuthiwe ukuqinisa izicubu zomzimba.
Umanyolo wamaminerali ifomu eliketshezi nelimbudumbudu.

Okubalulekile! Lapho ukhetha umanyolo wamaminerali, udinga ukubala isilinganiso ngokwemiyalo ukuze ungalimazi isitshalo.

Umanyolo ongenisiwe waziwa ngokusebenza kwawo, kepha kungaba nzima ukuwathola. Kufakazelwe kahle:

I-Advanced Hydroponics (Holland).
I-GHE (France).
Izakhi Ezithuthukile (eCanada).

Ukuthena

Ukuthena ukususwa kwamagatsha, amahlumela, noma izimpande. Kungaba okuyingxenye noma okuphelele. Okubalulekile ekwandeni kwegatsha nokuqhakaza okukhulu. Inqubo yokuthenwa inconywa entwasahlobo, eneminyaka engu-12-18 izinyanga. Izisiki ezisele ngemuva kokukhohliswa zingamila futhi zitshalwe esitsheni esihlukile.

Lapho uqala ukuthena, kungakuhle ukuthi ulandele izincomo eziyisisekelo:

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenqubo, nisela isitshalo ukuze singabi nokushoda kwamanzi ngesikhathi esinzima saso.
Sika ngommese obukhali noma ngebanga elingamamilimitha angu-3-4 ukuphakama kunezinso zokulala.
Ngemuva kokusika ngakunye, sula i-blade ngotshwala, bese ususa ujusi onoshevu nge-napkin, ugweme ukuthintana kwawo nesikhumba.
Ngemuva kokumiswa kuketshezi lwejusi, vala indawo esikiwe ngebhalsamu yensimu, i-varnish yensimu noma unamathisele ingadi "i-RanNet" yokuphulukisa ngokushesha nokulondolozwa kombono wobuhle (izibazi zingahlala esiqwini se-Adenium, njengesikhumba somuntu).

Isincomo... Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awekho amanzi angena "enxebeni", ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo singangena enkingeni yokubola.

I-branching ejulile ivame ukuqala ezinsukwini ezingama-40-45 ngemuva kokuthena.

Ukusuka kuvidiyo uzofunda ukusika i-adenium bese wakhe umqhele:

Izici zokukhula endle

I-Adenium Fat iyisitshalo se-thermophilic ngokwedlulele futhi ekukhuleni kwayo okugcwele izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele okungenani libe ngama-degree angama-25 anophawu +. Ebusika, iya esimweni sokulala, kepha noma kunjalo lapho izinga lokushisa akufanele lehle ngaphansi kwama-degree ayi-6, uma kungenjalo i-Adenium izofa.
Uma utshala emhlabathini ovulekile, uhlelo lwempande luzoqala ukukhula ngamandla. Ngokwemvelo, i-Adenium ingakhula ifike kumamitha ayi-3.5 ukuphakama. Izimvula ezinamandla kanye nokulimala kwezimpande ngesikhathi sokufakwa kokwindla kungathinta kabi impilo yezitshalo.
Emkhakheni ovulekile, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umanyolo onomsoco nokunisela okungajwayelekile, ukukhula kwe-Adenium kuzohamba kancane, eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule njalo i-Adenium emhlabathini ovulekile kuphela engxenyeni eseningizimu yezwe lethu, kepha noma kukhona ingozi yokubandisa lesi sitshalo ngesikhathi sokubanda okungajwayelekile.

Izifo

Ngenxa yokungatheleleki komzimba, I-Adenium ivame ukuhlaselwa yizifo zefungal kanye namagciwane. Kunzima ukuthola imbangela ekhaya.

Izifo ezenzeka njalo ezitshalweni:

Ukubola kohlelo lwempande - ehambisana nokungafani phakathi komswakama womhlabathi nokushisa komoya, ukuthambisa ngokweqile ebusika.
Omisa amagatsha - kungaba ukoma kwemvelo kokugonywa, kanye nophawu lwesifo.
Amabala ajikelezayo emaqabungeni nasesiqwini - isifo fungal.
Ukuphuzi komphetho wamaqabunga - uphawu lokushoda komanyolo noma kwelanga.
Kushe - zakhiwa uma, ngemuva kobusika obude, isitshalo sibekwa elangeni elikhanyayo.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

I-Adenium Fat ikhula ngembewu noma ngokusikwa.

Imbewu. Imbewu kufanele ibe yintsha, ngoba iyaphuma ngokushesha futhi ilahlekelwe yizixhobo zayo zokuhluma. Isikhathi esivumayo sokutshala sekwephuzile ebusika, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ungacwilisa imbewu kuqala kuzikhuthazi zokukhula amahora angu-2-4 ngokulandela imiyalo. Tshala ngenhlanganisela yesihlabathi kanye ne-vermiculite. Ububi obukhulu bale ndlela ubungozi ekukhetheni imbewu, ngoba kunethuba lokuthi ngeke ihlume.
Izithelo. Izisiki ze-apical nazo zilungele ukusakazwa. Zitshalwe ku-substrate ye-vermiculite nesihlabathi. Zingasungulwa ngaphambi kwamanzi. Le ndlela inenkinga yayo - isiqu ngeke siphinyiselwe, i-caudex ngeke yakhiwe.

I-Adenium Fat ibhekwa njengesitshalo esingenakuzithoba, kodwa futhi idinga ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-Adenium izokhula futhi ijabule ngezimbali zayo iminyaka eminingi.

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