ICathhedral - inhliziyo yeKota yeGothic yaseBarcelona

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Kusuka kuwo wonke amakhona e-Gothic Quarter, ehlala ingxenye enkulu ye-Old Town yaseBarcelona, ungabona imicengezi yengqophamlando yedolobha - iCathedral. Leli thempeli lesikhumbuzo lasendulo laziwa nangokuthi yiCathhedral of the Holy Cross ne-Saint Eulalia, Cathedral, Cathedral of Saint Eulalia yaseBarcelona, Cathedral of the Holy Cross, Barcelona Cathedral.

ICathhedral Catholic Church, lapho uMbhishobhi Omkhulu waseBarcelona aqala khona indawo yokuhlala, yaziwa njengesikhungo senkolo esiyinhloko saseBarcelona.

Umlando omncane

U-Eulalia, intombazanyana eneminyaka engu-13 eyaphila ngekhulu lesi-4, yayingumKristu othobekile futhi enokholo kuJesu Kristu kubantu. Ngesikhathi uDiocletian eshushiswa ngenxa yokholo lwakhe lobuKristu, wahlukunyezwa futhi wafela ukholo ezandleni zamaRoma. Kamuva wabalwa phakathi kobuso babaNgcwele.

Ku-Holy Great Martyr Eulalia, ongomunye wabangcwele abangcwele benhlokodolobha yaseCatalonia, lapho iCathedral of Barcelona inikezelwa khona.

Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli kwaqala ngo-1298, kukhethelwa le ndawo ngaphezu kwe-crypt yesonto langaphambili. Ukwakhiwa okukhulu okunjalo kudinga imali eningi, futhi njengoba bekuvame ukunganeli, umsebenzi ubumiswa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuphothulwa ngokusemthethweni komsebenzi wokwakha kubizwa nge-1420, kepha i-facade emaphakathi yaqedwa kuphela ngo-1870 ngokwezinhlelo zekhulu le-15, futhi umoya omkhulu wanezelwa ngo-1913.

Ngo-1867, uPapa Pius IX wanikeza iCathedral yaseBarcelona eSpain isikhundla seLowerer Papal Basilica.

Ngesikhathi sempi yombango, iCathedral ayizange ilimale, ngokungafani namanye amasonto eBarcelona. Ifaçade enamandla enezinto zayo zokuhlobisa nengaphakathi lesakhiwo ihlale ingaphelele.

Isixazululo sokwakha

I-Barcelona Cathedral iyisibonelo esihle kakhulu sesitayela se-Gothic esinezinto ezinempilo zesiko laseCatalan. Lesi sakhiwo, esikhulu kakhulu futhi esikhulu, singena kahle esigodini seGothic ngemigwaqo yaso emincane, ejiyayo. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo, i-cathedral ayizizwa "inzima", kubonakala ngathi intanta emoyeni. Lo mbono wenziwe kakhulu ngenxa yobuningi bemininingwane enomusa: ukundizela phezulu ama-spire turrets, amakholamu amancane, i-gothic "rosette" eqhoshayo ngaphezulu komnyango omkhulu.

Isonto lombhishobhi linezimbobo eziningana: ingxenyeni ephakathi nendawo endala yeSanta Ivo ebheke isikwele de la Seu, kanye nezindawo zePietat, iSaint Eulalia, iSanta Lucia ezivuleke egcekeni.

Ingaphambili lesakhiwo kanye ne-portal emaphakathi kuhlotshiswe ngemifanekiso eminingi yabangcwele nezingelosi, esivelele isithombe sikaKristu emakhothameni.

ICathedral of the Holy Cross eBarcelona ingamamitha angama-40 ububanzi namamitha angama-93 ukuphakama. Lesi sakhiwo sigcwaliswa imibhoshongo emi-5, omkhulu kunayo yonke maphakathi nendawo onomoya wemitha engama-70 namathempeli ama-2 octagonal 50 metres ukuphakama. Embhoshongweni ongakwesokudla kunezinsimbi ezincane eziyi-10, ngakwesobunxele kukhona insimbi enesisindo samathani ama-3.

Ingaphakathi leCathhedral

I-Cathedral yaseBarcelona ivulekile kakhulu, inzima futhi inhle kakhulu. Yize kunenqwaba yamawindi amahle anemibala ehlukahlukene enengilazi nokuba khona kokukhanyisa, lesi sakhiwo sihlala siyindida ngokungaqondakali.

Masinyane ukusuka engxenyeni enkulu, kuqala i-nave enkulu emaphakathi namasonto amabili ohlangothini, ahlukaniswe nayo ngemigqa yamakholomu amancane. Ekuphakameni kwamamitha angama-26, leli gumbi elibanzi liboshwe i-dome enhle yomoya.

Isigaba esibalulekile se-nave emaphakathi eCathedral of the Holy Cross sigcinelwe ikhwaya yokhuni oluqoshiwe, oluhlotshiswe ngezinsimbi zemabula. Lapha emigqeni emi-2 kukhona izihlalo, imihlane yazo ithweswe imiqhele yamajazi wezingalo ze-Order of the Golden Fleece.

Umhlobiso oyinhloko we-altare (ikhulu le-XIV) futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ithempeli eliyigugu lenkolo yisithombe sikaKristu Lepantsky, esenziwe ngokhuni. Lesi sithombe sasisemnsalweni womkhumbi womkhuzi uJuan wase-Austria, futhi ngesikhathi sokulwa nabaseTurkey ngo-1571 wasindisa umkhumbi ekufeni ngokushaya i-projectile endizayo. Lesi sithombe sonakele, futhi manje, ngisho nangeso lenyama, uyabona ukuthi sisonteke kanjani.

Eduze kwe-altare eliyinhloko, ku-crypt, kunenye indawo engcwele ebaluleke kakhulu: i-sarcophagus emi ezinsikeni eziqoshiwe ze-alabhaster epholishiwe, lapho kuhlala khona izinsalela ze-Saint Eulalia.

Ngemuva kwehholo leCathedral, ngaphansi kombhoshongo wensimbi yangakwesobunxele, kufakwa isitho. Yenziwe ngo-1539 futhi yalungiswa kaningi kusukela lapho. Kusukela ngo-1990, isitho besisetshenziselwa amakhonsathi.

Igceke leSonto LaseSiphambanweni Esingcwele

ICathedral of the Holy Cross ne-Saint Eulalia eseBarcelona inamagceke amahle kakhulu anensimu enhle yesundu nomthombo omdala ohlotshiswe ngesithombe sikaSaint George. Phakathi kwezinye izinto zasendulo - ama-slabs asemhlabathini anama-monogram ama-workshops asendulo, anikeze imali yokwakhiwa kwethempeli elikhulu.

Ezungeze igceke kukhona igalari embozwe, izindonga zazo zihlotshiswe ngothayela abaningi kanye nezinsika ezibonisa izigcawu ezivela empilweni kasanta wabavikeli bomuzi.

Ngasemaphethelweni egalari, kukhona amasonto angama-26 ahlukile abhekene nayo. Kwesinye sazo, isonto likaMbhishobhi waseSt. Oligarius, kukhona isiphambano sokuqala esinesiphambano esiphakathi nekhulu le-16. Isonto lesonto lasendulo lesonto elikhulu, elakhiwa ngo-1268, okungukuthi, amashumi eminyaka ngaphambi kokuqala kokwakhiwa kweCathedral of the Holy Cross uqobo, liseduze kwegceke.

Ensimini yegceke, kudla amahansi amhlophe njengeqhwa ayi-13, indawo yawo yokuhlala ingenye yamasonto. Umbala omhlophe walezi zinyoni ukhombisa ubumsulwa be-Great Martyr Eulalia, kanye nenombolo yabo - inani leminyaka ephilwa umphathi weBarcelona.

Igumbi lomhlangano

Umnyuziyamu (leli yiHholo Lemihlangano Yesonto) unokubukeka okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngasemkhawulweni wangaphakathi wezindonga, kuhlotshiswe ngokuqedela okunethezeka: i-velvet ephephuli nemidwebo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokhuni olumnyama.

Nayi iqoqo lemidwebo, phakathi kwayo kukhona okwaziwayo impela, ngokwesibonelo, ukuphrinta kukaDurer, ingcweti yobuciko yekhulu le-15 - "uPieta" kaBartolomeo Bermejo. Umnyuziyamu ubuye ube nezindwangu zomdwebo, izitsha zesonto ezicebile, ifonti, iziphambano zasendulo ezineziphambano nama-altare.

Ungaya eHholo leSonto ngokusebenzisa igalari engaphakathi, ungene egcekeni.

Uphahla lwe-Cathedral

Ngakwesobunxele kwiphothali eyinhloko yeKhathedrali, kufakwe amakheshi aphakamisa izivakashi kahle ophahleni lwesakhiwo - kunendawo yokuqapha eseduze nedome.

Ukusuka lapho ungabona ukuvuthwa kwethempeli elikhulu, futhi ubabaze iKota yeGothic ne-panorama yalo lonke iBarcelona kusuka phezulu.

Ngendlela, izithombe zeBarcelona ezivela eKhathedrali ziphumelela kakhulu futhi zinhle, njengamakhadi weposi.

Imininingwane ewusizo

Ikheli lesiza esiyinhloko senkolo eBarcelona yiPlaca de la Seu, S / N, 08002.

Ukuhamba uzungeze iKota yeGothic, ungafika ethempelini elikhulu eduze komgwaqo uCarrer del Bisbe - ubheke isikwele de la Seu.

Ibanga lokuhamba ngezinyawo kunesiteshi sesitimela iJaume I (umugqa 4).

Amahora wokuvula nezindleko zokuvakashelwa

ISonto le-Holy Cross livulwa nsuku zonke:

phakathi nezinsuku kusuka ngo-8: 00 kuye ku-19: 45 (umnyango uvaliwe ngo-19: 15);
NgoMgqibelo, ngeSonto nangamaholide kusuka ngo-8: 00 kuya ku-20: 30.

Izinkonzo zibanjwa kusukela ngo-8: 30 kuye ku-12: 30, bese kusuka ngo-17: 45 kuye ku-19: 30.

Ukuthi ukuvakashelwa kwethempeli elikhulu kuzokhokhwa ngqo kuncike esikhathini sokuvakashelwa:

Kusuka ku-8: 00 kuye ku-12: 45, bese kusuka ku-17: 15 kuye ku-19: 00, ungangena ngaphakathi mahhala. Kepha kufanele ucabange ukuthi lesi sikhathi sihambisana nesikhathi senkonzo, yingakho umnyango wabavakashi ungalinganiselwa.
Kusukela ngo-13: 00 kuye ku-17: 30, nangezimpelasonto kusukela ngo-14: 00 kuya ku-17: 00, ukungena kuyakhokhwa.

Intengo yethikithi lokungena nayo yehlukile, kuya ngokuthi luhlinzeka ngohlobo luni lokubona indawo:

ukwenyuka uye emphemeni wokubuka (ukhokhelwe ngisho nangesikhathi "somusa") - 3 €;
ukuhlolwa kwamakhwaya - 3 €;
ithikithi elilodwa lokuvuma amakhwaya, isonto likaSanta Christ of Lepants kanye neHholo Lomhlangano, kanye nokukhuphukela ophahleni - 7 €.

Intengo iyefana kubo bobabili abadala nezingane.

Akunasiqondisi somsindo ngesiRussia, ngakho-ke kufanele uhambe futhi uzibonele yonke into ngokwakho. Ukuthwebula izithombe kwasendlini nokuthwebula kuphela kungenzeka ngemuva kokuthola imvume yangaphambilini.

Isheduli nezintengo ekhasini lango-Okthoba 2019.

Amathiphu awusizo

Udinga ukulilungiselela iqiniso lokuthi ukuphepha emnyango kungasesha izinto.

Njengoba iCathhedral isebenza, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke indlela efanele yokugqoka lapho uyivakashela: abesilisa nabesifazane abafake izikibha ezingenamikhono futhi ngamadolo avulekile (izikhindi neziketi) abavunyelwe. Kukhona ibhokisi elinezikhafu emnyango; zingaboshwa esikhundleni sesiketi noma ziphonswe emahlombe.
Khuphukela ophahleni lwesonto elikhulu ukuze ubabaze imibono yeBarcelona usuka endaweni ephakeme, kungcono kakhulu ngo-10-11 ekuseni, ngenkathi kusekhona izivakashi ezimbalwa.
Ku-sarcophagus enezinsalela ze-Saint Eulalia kukhona indawo ekhethekile lapho ungabeka khona uhlamvu lwemali - i-sarcophagus izokhanyiswa ngamalambu amahle.
Amakhonsathi omzimba abanjwa njalo ngenyanga eBarcelona Cathedral. Udinga ukuthola mayelana neshejuli ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Lapho uya eCathhedral of the Holy Cross naseSanta Eulalia ngezinyawo udabula i-Gothic Quarter, kungakuhle ukuthi uthathe ibalazwe nawe: engxenyeni endala yeBarcelona kulula kakhulu ukulahleka.