I-Akhaltsikhe - idolobha laseGeorgia eliseduze nenqaba yasendulo
Phakathi kwezintaba ezinhle kakhulu, osebeni loMfula iPotskhovi, kunedolobha elihlangene nelithokomele i-Akhaltsikhe (Georgia).
Leli dolobha elimibalabala, elinomlando obuyela emuva eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane edlule, selibambe iqhaza elibalulekile selokhu lasungulwa, njengoba lalisengxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeGeorgia, engekude nomngcele neTurkey, empambanweni yemigwaqo emikhulu.
Kucace ngisho nangesikhathi sakhe esedlule kusuka egameni: "Akhaltsikhe" "yiNew Fortress". Yize phambilini, njengoba wawuphethe umndeni ohloniphekile wesikhulu uJakeli (900 g), leli dolobha labizwa ngenye indlela - iLomisia. Igama elikhona manje kukhulunywe ngalo okokuqala emlandweni ka-1204, onikezelwe kumkhuzi u-Ivan noShalva wase-Akhaltsikhe.
Manje i-Akhaltsikhe, inani lezakhamizi elifinyelela kubantu abayi-15,000, liyisikhungo sokuphatha sesifunda saseSamtskhe-Javakheti. I-Akhaltsikhe iqukethe idolobha elidala, lisabalele egqumeni, nezindawo ezinezakhiwo ezintsha ezakhiwe ethafeni.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungasho ukuthi abantu lapha banomoya wokungenisa izihambi, bahlala bexhumana nenjabulo.
Izimpawu zomuzi
Uma kunesifiso sokufunda ngomlando wesifunda sasendulo sase-Samtskhe-Javakheti futhi uthole imizwa eminingi emihle, khona-ke isisombululo esihle kakhulu ukubona izindawo e-Akhaltsikhe. Iningi lamasayithi omlando athakazelisa kakhulu lapha angabukwa ngokuphelele mahhala, okuvumela ukuthi wonge okuningi eholidini. Ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3, kungenzeka ukubona konke: idolobha uqobo lwalo, izindawo zalo eziseduze.
Inqaba endala yaseRabat
Inqaba engenakunqotshwa iRabat iphenduke idolobha langempela, elihlala cishe amahektha ayi-7. Kungenzeka uhambe ngezinyawo usuka enkabeni ye-Akhaltsikhe uya kuyo - kuzothatha okungenani imizuzu engama-30.
Insimu yale fortification enamandla uhambo oluya ezinkathini ezahlukahlukene, lapha ungahamba amahora amaningi, ukhohlwe ngokuphelele ngempilo engaphandle kwezindonga zayo. Futhi uma uza lapha kusihlwa, ungazizwa sengathi usenganekwaneni: insimu yenqaba ikhanyiswe ngamalambu okusesha aqinile, okudala ukubonakala ukuthi zonke izakhiwo zintanta emoyeni!
Ukukhulunywa okokuqala kweRabat kuhlehlela emuva ngekhulu lesi-9, kodwa-ke lesi sakhiwo sasingesihle kangako. Ngekhulu le-12, abamele umndeni wakwa-Dzhakeli wamakhosana bakha inqaba nesigodlo lapha, okwenza kwaba ibutho lamasosha elingenakulinganiswa engxenyeni eseningizimu yeGeorgia. Ukuqiniswa kweRabat kudlule kokuningi phakathi nakho konke ukubakhona kwayo: ngekhulu le-14 kwabhujiswa amaqhawe aseTamerlane, ngekhulu le-15 lahlaselwa yiMongol Khan Yakub, kwathi ngekhulu le-16, kanye nedolobha, lathunjwa ibutho loMbuso Wase-Ottoman.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nqaba yalahlekelwa injongo yayo yamasu. Ukungezwani phakathi kwe-USSR neTurkey ngekhulu lamashumi amabili kwaholela ekutheni indawo ivaliwe ukuvakasha, inqaba yaseRabat ayitholanga ukunakekelwa okufanele futhi yabhujiswa kancane kancane.
Intshisekelo ku-Akhaltsikhe naseRabat yaqala kabusha ngemuva kokuwa kwe-USSR, kwathi ngo-2011 baqala ukubuyisela inqaba yasendulo. Uhulumeni waseGeorgia usebenzise ama-lari angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-34 emsebenzini wokubuyisela (ngaleso sikhathi kwakucishe kube yizigidi eziyi-15 zamaRandi). Ekwakhiweni kabusha, amaphrojekthi athuthukiswa enza ukuthi kube lula ukugcina ubuqiniso bezakhiwo ezikhona; kukhethwe nezinto zokwakha ezenze ukuthi sikwazi "ukuphinda" izindlela zokwakha ezazisetshenziswa endulo. Ekupheleni kwehlobo lika-2012, ukwakhiwa kabusha kwaqedwa, futhi kwavulwa “iNqaba entsha” yase-Akhaltsikhe ukuze ihlolwe futhi ivakashelwe njalo.
Manje insimu yeRabat ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye eziphansi nezingaphezulu, zomlando, izingxenye.
Ngakho-ke kuqala oh ingxenye engezansi yenqaba ye-Akhaltsikhe, ongavakashela noma ngasiphi isikhathi sosuku, futhi mahhala ngokuphelele. Izindonga ezinkulu ziqukethe amasango amakhulu aholela endaweni yenqaba, ehloselwe ukuhamba: izindlela ezibushelelezi ezigandayiwe, izindawo ezihlanzekile, ezithokomele, amachibi amahle. Kukhona nesivini esincane, esitshalwe ngendlela engajwayelekile.
Engxenyeni engezansi yezivakashi ihhotela elithi "Rabat" lilindelwe; maqondana nesizinda sezindonga zamatshe ezinamandla, kuvulandi abenziwe ngokhuni oluqoshiwe babukeka bengaqondile emoyeni. Amakamelo anethezekile aqala ku-50 GEL ($ 18.5). I-cuisine yasendaweni enambithekayo inikezwa indawo yokudlela enegama elifanayo etholakala komakhelwane.
I-KTW Wine Shop, engesinye sezitolo zewayini ezihamba phambili eSamkkhe-Javakheti, inezinhlobonhlobo zeziphuzo. Lapha banikela ngama-chacha, ama-cognac, izinhlobo ezahlukene zewayini, kufaka phakathi okungajwayelekile kakhulu okwenziwe ngama-rose petals. Lesi sitolo sibuye simangale nengaphakathi laso: kunamawindi amaningi okukhombisa, ifenisha yokhuni entofontofo yezivakashi, nezindlu ezinhle kakhulu ezenziwe ngezibuko ngaphansi kophahla.
Esitolo sesikhumbuzo ungathenga izithonjana, ubucwebe besiliva ngamatshe ayigugu emvelo, kanye nezitsha zewayini namabhodlela enziwe nge-wax emsulwa.
Emnyango wenqaba yaseRabat e-Akhaltsikhe, engxenyeni yayo engezansi, kunesikhungo semininingwane yabavakashi, lapho ungathenga khona ngokushesha amathikithi wokuvakashela isigaba semnyuziyamu.
Ngokulandelayo, sizokhuluma ngengxenye engenhla yenqaba yaseRabat - lena indawo, umnyango obiza i-6 GEL, ukuvakashela emnyuziyamu kufanele kukhokhwe ngokuhlukile - i-3 GEL. Njengoba uthenge ithikithi, ungahambahamba phakathi kwe-fortification kusuka ku-10: 00 kuye ku-19: 00, uthatha izithombe nokuqopha ifilimu.
Ingxenye engenhla yenqaba ihlukaniswe nengxenye engezansi ngodonga olunamandla lwetshe, futhi izakhiwo lapha zenziwa ngesakhiwo esinyathelwe, ngakho-ke kufanele ukhuphuke izitebhisi eziningi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ingxenye yomnyuziyamu iqukethe okuhehayo okuyinhloko:
- Imibhoshongo yokubuka ephezulu (kunezine zazo lapha), phezulu ongakhuphuka ngazo izitebhisi eziwumqansa. Amapulatifomu wokubuka abanzi anikeza ukubukwa okuhle kakhulu kwezintaba nokubukwa okumangazayo kwedolobha nendawo ezungezile. Ingaphakathi lezindonga zombhoshongo zenqaba lihlotshiswe ngamatshe anemibala ehlukahlukene; ungabona izakhiwo ezazisetshenziselwa ukugcina izikhali.
- I-Akhmediye Mosque yakhiwa ngekhulu le-18 futhi yaqanjwa ngokuhlonipha u-Akhmed Pasha (Kimshiashvili). Ngo-1828, lapho uRabat ebanjwa ngamasosha aseRussia, iSonto Lobu-Orthodox Lokuqulwa KweNtombi-ntombi lenziwa nge-mosque. Ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa, i-dome ye-mosque yayimbozwe ngegolide, evusa ukuzihlanganisa ne-Omar Mosque enhlokodolobha yeSifundazwe sakwa-Israyeli, iJerusalema.
- Kukhona i-gazebo enomthombo eRabat, lapho ungahlala uphumule futhi uphuze amanzi ahlanzekile.
- I-Historical Museum (amahora okuvula kusukela ngo-10: 00 kuya ku-18: 00) inikeza izivakashi umbukiso oxoxa ngomlando waseningizimu Georgia yasendulo. Akuvunyelwe ukuthatha izithombe kulo mnyuziyamu wase-Akhaltsikhe.
Isigodlo saseSapara
Ezintabeni, amakhilomitha ayi-10 nje ukusuka enkabeni ye-Akhaltsikhe, kukhona okunye okuhehayo okungokomlando - isigodlo seSapara (Safara). Ngenkathi yeSoviet, yaqedwa, futhi kusukela ngawo-1980 ibilokhu iyisigodlo esisebenzayo sabesilisa - izindela ezingama-20 zihlala lapho.
Indawo yesigodlo itholakala:
- Isakhiwo sakudala kakhulu senkimbinkimbi yiSonto Lokwenyuka, elakhiwa ngekhulu le-X. Idume nge-iconostasis yayo, ethweswe umqhele ngezithombe ezibabazekayo zokusiza.
- Eduze kunesonto eliqinile eliphethwe, isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwalo esivela ngekhulu le-13, kanye nensimbi yensimbi. Umbhoshongo wensimbi unedome eyenziwe ngamatshe aqinile.
- Ukuqhubeka kancane nokukhuphuka emthambekeni kunezakhiwo zezinqaba, phakathi kwazo kunemibhoshongo emi-3 egcinwe kahle, udonga lwamatshe lobude obuphansi, kanye namaseli (aqoshwa edwaleni futhi aqedwa ngamatshe).
- Isonto elikhulu lesonto lezindela - ithempeli laseSanta Saba, lakhiwa ngekhulu le-XIII. Lesi yisakhiwo esinamandla kunazo zonke esibhekene namatshe aqoshiwe endaweni yesigodlo. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kubuswa izindawo ezicabalele nezilinganiso eziphansi. Kukhona 2 amancane kakhulu eduze kwethempeli elikhulu. Zonke lezi zakhiwo zezindela zinophahla olwenziwe ngamatshe amakhulu.
- Ukungena engxenyeni eseningizimu yenkimbinkimbi kuvaliwe. Kunamaseli ezindela nezindawo zokusiza.
ISapara yindawo eyingqayizivele nenesithakazelo eGeorgia eduze nedolobha lase-Akhaltsikhe, kepha ukufika lapho akulula kangako. Azikho izindiza eziqonde ngqo ezivela esiteshini samabhasi sedolobha, kepha kwesinye isikhathi izivakashi lapha zivumelana nomshayeli webhasi mayelana nohambo - kuzobiza cishe ama-3 GEL umuntu ngamunye. Ungathatha itekisi, elizobiza cishe ama-25 GEL.
Kungatholwa futhi ngezinyawo. Ukusuka engxenyeni emaphakathi ye-Akhaltsikhe, udinga ukuya empumalanga ngomgwaqo u-Rustaveli Street cishe ibanga elingu-2 km, bese ujikela emgwaqeni oya edolobhaneni laseKhreli - ubunzima ukuthi lelijika alimakiwe nganoma iyiphi indlela. Idolobhana liqala cishe khona manjalo, kanti umgwaqo owubhuqu ukhuphuka ngamandla. Ngemuva kwamakhilomitha angu-2.4 ukusuka emaphethelweni edolobhana, umgwaqo uzoholela ekudluleni kommango omncane, lapho kuvuleka khona umbono obanzi we-Akhaltsikhe. Masinyane ngemuva kwephasi, ohlangothini lwesobunxele, kunendlu encane nenqwaba yamanxiwa - leli yidolobhana likaVerkhnie Khreli. Ngakwesokudla kuzoba nehlathi likaphayini elihlanzekile, elibhekwa njengendawo enhle yokuhlala ubusuku obubodwa eduze kwase-Akhaltsikhe. Cishe ngamakhilomitha ama-3 ukusuka emzaneni waseVerkhnie Khreli uye esigodlweni sezindela emgwaqweni omuhle impela, lapho ungabona khona amadolobha, isigodi saseKura, isigodi saseMinadze.
Ukungena esigodlweni sezindela kukhululekile. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngezimpelasonto eSapar kugcwele kakhulu, njengoba uhambo lwabantwana besikole luvela kulo lonke elaseGeorgia.
Ithempeli leNdlovukazi uTamari
Kuwo wonke umlando waseGeorgia, lo mbuso kwakungowesifazane kuphela owenyuka esihlalweni sobukhosi futhi wabusa izwe ngokuzimela. Lena yiNdlovukazi uTamara.
Isikhathi sokubusa kukaTamara (ngekhulu le-XII) saba yiGolden Age yeGeorgia. Kwakubonga iNdlovukazi uTamara ukuthi ubuKrestu basakazeka ezweni lonke baba yinkolo yabo. Kusukela ngo-1917, kuyisiko ukugubha iholide laseTamaroba eGeorgia ngoMeyi 14.
Leli holide likazwelonke libanjwa ngokugubha okukhethekile nokubabazeka e-Akhaltsikhe, lapho ngo-2009-2010 kwakhiwa khona ithempeli leNdlovukazi uTamar. Lesi sakhiwo esincane sihlotshiswe ngemibala ekhanyayo. Ngaphakathi, ukukhanga kubukeka kunesizotha, kepha i-altare likhanya ngegolide, futhi izindonga zihlotshiswe ngemidwebo yendabuko, okukhona kuyo izithombe eziningi zendlovukazi.
Ngaphambi kwethempeli kunetshe lesikhumbuzo elikhulu elikhombisa uTamara, ohlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi, ephethe uphawu lwamandla. Isikhumbuzo nethempeli leNdlovukazi uTamara zitholakala maphakathi ne-Akhaltsikhe, ku-Kostava Street, kulula ukufika kuyo ukusuka noma ikuphi edolobheni.
Inothi kumhambi! Ukusuka e-Akhaltsikhe kufanele uye edolobheni lomhume laseVardzia. Ungathola ukuthi ibukeka kanjani nezici zayo ezikule ndatshana.
Ungafika kanjani e-Akhaltsikhe?
Kusuka eTbilisi
Ukuthola ukuthi ungasuka kanjani eTbilisi uye e-Akhaltsikhe, kuyacaca ukuthi yize kunesiteshi sesitimela kula madolobha, azikho izindiza eziqondile, noma kunjalo, kanye noshintsho olungu-1. Esikhundleni sokwenza ukudluliselwa okungu-2-3, kungcono ukukhohlwa ngesitimela ngokuphelele bese usebenzisa ibhasi.
Amabhasi aya e-Akhaltsikhe asuka esiteshini samabhasi sedolobha iDidube. E-Akhaltsikhe, beza ku-Tamarashvili Street, lapho kutholakala khona isiteshi samabhasi sendawo. Kukhona izindiza njalo emaminithini we-40-60, kusuka ku-7: 00 kuye ku-19: 00, futhi ithikithi libiza i-12 GEL. Ukusuka e-Akhaltsikhe kuye eTbilisi, ibanga cishe liyi-206 km, isikhathi sohambo amahora angama-3-3.5.
Ungathola kanjani kusuka eBatumi
Ungathola futhi ukusuka eBatumi uye e-Akhaltsikhe ngebhasi lokuhamba, elisuka esiteshini samabhasi esidala, esisemgwaqweni. Mayakovsky, 1. Kukhona izindiza eziqondile ezi-2 kuphela ngosuku: ngo-8: 00 nango-10: 30. Uhambo lubiza i-20-25 GEL, uhambo luhlala cishe amahora angu-5.5-6. Ngendlela, lawa mabhasi adlula endaweni yezempilo yaseBorjomi, ngakho-ke kunethuba lokuvakashela indawo edumile emhlabeni ye-balneological and climatic.
Ungathola futhi ukusuka eBatumi kuya e-Akhaltsikhe ngetekisi, kepha ngabe kukhona yini ohambweni olunjalo? Itekisi, njengoba kuvame ukuqondwa, alikho lapha - kunamakhabishi azimele ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zawo ngemali ephakeme kakhulu. Uhambo olusemgwaqeni ofanayo nolwenziwa njalo, ngaphandle kwabagibeli abambalwa, luzobiza cishe u- $ 80-100.
Lapho uthatha isinqumo sokuthi ufika kanjani eBatumi e-Akhaltsikhe, kuyacaca ukuthi inketho elula kakhulu enokuxhumeka kwezokuthutha okubuthakathaka ngohambo lwemoto yakho. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kube yimoto engekho emgwaqeni, ngoba yize imigwaqo ibilungisiwe kungekudala, kunezindawo eziningi ezingakhonkiwe.
Qhathanisa amanani entengo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli Fomu
Ngisiphi isikhathi esihle sokuza e-Akhaltsikhe
Ungafika edolobheni lase-Akhaltsikhe ukuzobuka izinto zalo ezinhle nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Kodwa isikhathi esihle sokuhamba sizoba ngoJulayi-Septhemba: ngoMeyi, izinga lokushisa selivele lenyuka laya ku- + 17 ° C, kepha imvamisa kuba nezimvula zesikhashana.
Ehlobo, ngokuvamile akukho ukushisa okukhulu: izinga lokushisa lingafinyelela + 30 ° C, kepha ngokwesilinganiso, i-thermometer ihlala ku- + 23 .. + 25 ° C. Ekuqaleni kwekwindla, isimo sezulu sisanethezekile, izinga lokushisa lehla laya ku-18 ... + 19 ° C. Esimweni sezulu esinjalo kumnandi ukuhamba uzungeze idolobha, kepha akubandi okwamanje ukukhuphuka izintaba.
Ekwindla e-Akhaltsikhe (Georgia) izithombe ezinhle ziyavuleka! Ngenxa yezihlahla, izintaba zithatha izithunzi eziphuzi nezinsomi, ezihambisana nama-spruces aluhlaza. Amaphethelo ambozwe umusi omncane, umoya ugcwele iphunga lasehlathini.
Ngiyathokoza ukwazi! Indawo yokuphumula yaseGeorgia i-Abastumani itholakala e-28 km ukusuka e-Akhaltsikhe. Ungafunda ngokwelashwa, ukuphumula nokubona komuzi kuleli khasi.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Izakhamizi ezingama-26% zase-Akhaltsikhe zingama-Armenia.
- Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kabusha kwale nqaba, kulungiswe nemigwaqo edolobheni, kwavulwa izitolo ezintsha namahhotela, kwavuselelwa nezinye izakhiwo.
- ISonto LamaKhatholika Lase-Armenia le-Holy Sign e-Akhaltsikhe ngezikhathi zeSoviet lalisebenza njengenkundla yezemidlalo.
Izintengo ekhasini zingezikaMashi 2020.
Umgwaqo oya e-Akhaltsikhe ngemoto, ukubuka konke kwedolobha nenqaba yaseRabat - kule vidiyo.