Ungafunda kanjani ukufunda isiNgisi - imithetho yokubiza kanye namathiphu
IsiNgisi ngesinye sezilimi ezisabalele nezifunwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngaphambi kokuqala lolu qeqesho, kufanele wazi ukuthi "isiNgisi", ngokungafani nesiJalimane, "sinezingibe" ongakhubeka kuzo lapho ufunda imibhalo. IsiNgisi sinemithetho ethile yokufunda izinhlanganisela ezithile zezinhlamvu. Kufanele zikhunjulwe, ngoba ngaphandle kokubiza okulungile, noma ngabe unolwazi lwenombolo enkulu yamagama, umuntu ngeke akwazi ukuxhumana nesikhulumi sendabuko.
Ukuqeqesha
Ngaphambi kokuba ufunde ukufunda isiNgisi, kuzodingeka ufunde kahle izivivinyo zokuzivocavoca ngolimi. Lapho-ke kuzoba lula ukubiza imisindo yezinhlamvu zakwelinye izwe. Udinga futhi ukudala umoya ofanele. Akufanele kube khona okuthikameza umfundi, kungcono ukubeka ucingo eceleni, ucishe i-TV nomsakazo. Igumbi lokufundela kufanele lihlanzeke futhi likhanyiswe kahle. Iqiniso ukuthi izinto zangaphandle nenani lokukhanya egumbini kuthinta ikhono lokufunda lomuntu ngamunye. Futhi uma uphefumula indlu ngaphambi kwekilasi, kuzoba lula kakhulu ukugxila emsebenzini.
Ngaphambi kokuqala isifundo, kubalulekile ukwenza uhlaka oluncane, olukhombisa izihloko ozosebenzela kuzo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umphumela uzoba ophansi, ngoba umfundi uzohlala ngokungadingekile esigatshaneni ngasinye. Futhi ngohlelo kulula kakhulu ukulandelela inqubekela phambili yokutholwa kolimi.
Imithetho ebaluleke kakhulu
Umehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kweNgisi nesiRashiya ukuthi ukufundwa kohlamvu olulodwa (noma iqembu lezinhlamvu) kuzothonywa yimvelo yazo. Kubalulekile ukukucabangela lokhu ngaphambi kokubamba ngekhanda imithetho yokubiza amagama.
Isisekelo sokufunda okulungile ngesiNgisi yikhono lokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezi-2 zamaqoqo.
- Vula - kukhona unkamisa ngemuva kongwaqa (isibonelo: thatha). Kulokhu, umsindo wonkamisa ufundwa njengoba umi ezinhlamvwini zamagama, futhi ongwaqa bafundwa kuye ngemvelo.
- Kuvaliwe - lapho kungekho msindo nhlobo ngemuva konkamisa noma kukhona omunye ongwaqa (ngokwesibonelo: sika). Kulokhu, unkamisa unendlela yokubiza ehlukile, futhi ongwaqa nabo bancike ezinhlamvini ezincikene.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo uhlelo lokufunda kusuka ekuqaleni
Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe wonke amaphuzu wokutadisha imithetho yokufunda ongwaqa nonkamisa, kusukela kuzisekelo.
NjengaseRussia, isiNgisi sinonkamisa nongwaqa. Uhlamvu ngalunye lunendlela ethile yokubiza amagama. Kwenzeka ngamagama anamalungu avulekile.
| Incwadi | Ukuphinyiselwa | Isibonelo segama |
|---|---|---|
| A a | [Sawubona] | Igama - [igama] |
| B b | [b] | Kepha - [inkokhelo] |
| C c | [k] noma [s] (ngaphambi kuka- "e") | Indebe - [ikepisi] noma i-Ice - [iqhwa], ngoba u- "c" uza ngaphambi kuka- "e" |
| D d | [d] | Inja - [inja] |
| E e | [futhi] | Mina - [mi] |
| F f | [f] | Impungushe - [impungushe] |
| G g | [j] | Iya - [hamba] |
| H h | [x] ngomoya | Okushisayo - [okushisayo] (umsindo ufundwa ngokuphefumula, hhayi njengolukhuni njengaseRussia) |
| Mina i | [ay] | Thanda - [thanda] |
| UJ j | [j '] | Ijusi - [ijusi] (umsindo ubizwa kahle) |
| K k | [k] ngokuphefumula | Ukhiye - [ki] (umsindo ubizwa ngokuphefumula, uthule kakhulu kunolimi lwendabuko) |
| L l | [l] | Thanda - [thanda] |
| M m | [m] | Okwami - [Meyi] |
| N n | [n] | Isidleke - [isidleke] |
| O o | yinde [oh] | Ibhokisi - [ibhokisi] (u "o" omude onezindebe eziyindilinga ekugcineni komsindo, uzwakala ucishe ufane ne- [oh] ebushelelezi. |
| Ikhasi | [n] ngokuphefumula | Ipeni - [peng] (ungwaqa ubonakala sengathi uyandiza ngomfudlana womoya, awumenyezelwa kakhulu njengaseRussia) |
| Q q | [kuya '] | UQwerty - [quyoty] |
| R r | [p] I- "American" | Irokhethi - [amarokhethi] |
| S s | [s] noma [h] ekugcineni kwegama | Ilanga - [san] uRose - [rose] |
| T t | [t] | Ithiphu - [uhlobo] |
| U | ['Yu] | Tune - [tune] (okungeziwe [y] kuvamise ukuphinyiselwa ngaphambi kuka- [yu], kube sengathi kunophawu lokuhlukanisa phambi kwalo, okukhumbuza ukubizwa kwegama elithi "blizzard"). |
| V v | [e] | I-Violin - [weylin] |
| W | [e] | Impisi - [impisi] |
| X x | [ks] | Ibhokisi - [ibhokisi] |
| Y y | [futhi] | Okwami - [Meyi] |
| Z z | [h] | Idube - [idube] |
Kepha hhayi kuzo zonke izimo, ukufundwa kufana nalokho okwethulwe kuleli thebula. Ake sihlolisise.
Ongwaqa besingisi ezimeni eziningi bafundwa njengetafula eliveziwe. Kukhona izinhlamvu eziningi, endaweni ethile, ezizomela umsindo othile.
| Inhlanganisela | Ukubiza kanjani | Isibonelo sokusetshenziswa |
|---|---|---|
| ubudala | [age] endaweni yesiteleka noma i- [ij] ngokungavinjelwe | Hage - [Paige], Ulimi - [Landwich] |
| au noma aw | [oh] ubude noma [oh] | I-Austria - [australia], Umthetho - [lo] |
| er | Esimweni sokushaywa, esibizwa njengo- [yo], endaweni engacindezelekile, njengo- [e] | I-Detter - [bate], Her - [hyo] |
| gh | Akuphinyiselwe nakancane | Ubusuku - [ubusuku] |
| I-Sion, i-sion, i-cial, i-tion | [shl] | Special - [special], Mission - [mishn], Isikhundla - [posishn], Inguqulo - [vert]. |
| wa |
| Ufuna - [wont], Wake - [wake] |
| wh | [x] | Ngubani - [hu] |
| ck | [kuya] | Mnyama [mnyama] |
| kn | [n] | Yazi [yazi] |
| sh | [w] | Yena [shea] |
| ch, tch | [h] | Ukubamba [[ukubamba], Champagne [umpetha] |
| th | Okuthile phakathi kwe- [s] ne- [f] | Cabanga [finck] noma [vumelanisa] |
| ph | [f] | Isithombe [isithombe] |
Onkamisa banzima kakhulu. Ngesikhundla ngasinye nangezimo ezahlukahlukene, kunemithetho ethile yokufunda onkamisa. Kukhona onkamisa abayi-6 esiNgisini. Ake sihlaziye ngamunye.
| Incwadi | Izinketho zokubiza amagama | Izibonelo ze |
|---|---|---|
| A | [hey] - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvulekile | Ichibi - [ichibi] |
| [e] - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvaliwe (olubizwa ngexoxo, ngoba umlomo uvula njengexoxo) | Imephu - [imephu] | |
| [a] okufushane - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvaliwe olugcina ku-r | Imoto - [ka] | |
| [o] - kuhlanganiswe ne- "ll" no- "u" | Okude - [inombolo] | |
| O | [oh] - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvulekile | Ikhaya - [ikhaya] |
| [o] kufushane - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvaliwe | Umphathi - [mphathi] | |
| [o] - ngokuhlanganiswa ne- "r" | Ihhashi - [хос] | |
| [y] - ngokuhlanganiswa "oo" | Ukudla - [ukudla] | |
| [ay] - kuhlanganiswe ne- "w" | Manje - [naw] | |
| [hhawu] - kuhlanganiswe no "y" | Umfana - [ulwe] | |
| U | [yu] - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvulekile | Okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - [okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka] |
| [ʌ] - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvaliwe | Inkomishi - [ikepisi] | |
| [ё] - ngokuhlanganiswa ne- "r" | Kulimele - [het] | |
| E | [futhi] ende - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvulekile, kanye nokuhlanganiswa ne- "e" kanye "a" | He - [hee], hlangana - [mit] |
| [e] - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvaliwe | Iqabunga - [bodice] | |
| [ё] - ngokuhlanganiswa ne- "r" | Her - [hyo] | |
| Mina | [ah] - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvulekile | Inhlawulo - [inhlawulo] |
| [futhi] - ngohlamvu lwamagama oluvaliwe | Okukhulu - [okukhulu] | |
| [ё] - ngokuhlanganiswa ne- "r" | Intombazane - [gol] | |
| Y | [ah] - ekugcineni kwegama | Khala - [emaphethelweni] |
| [e] - ekuqaleni kwegama | Okuphuzi - [elow] |
Ukuze ungabizi ngekhanda ukuphinyiselwa kwegama ngalinye, udinga ukufunda ukuthi imisindo esendaweni ethile iqoshwa kanjani ekubhaleni. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokuqhubeka ufunde, ungabheka kalula kusichazamazwi bese uthola indlela efanele yokubiza amagama.
Isifundo sevidiyo
Yimiphi imanuwali yabalobi ongayisebenzisa
Ngokufanelekile, kunjalo, kungcono ukuthenga izincwadi zangaphandle kubashicileli abanjengoCambridge noma i-Oxford. Ungasebenzisa ababhali baseRussia, kepha ngokuqapha. Ngokuvamile, kunamaphutha amaningi ezincwadini zokufunda zaseRussia. Akufanele usebenzise amabhukwana okuqeqesha aseSoviet, ngoba kuningi okungalungile ekuphimiseni.
Amathiphu awusizo
Lapho ufunda ukubiza amagama kahle, ungabambi ngekhanda ukuhumusha kwawo, ngaphandle kwalokho umthwalo ebuchosheni uzoba mkhulu kakhulu, ongeke ube wusizo. Enkambeni yokufunda kahle ulimi, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinsizakusebenza ezahlukahlukene ze-Intanethi ukulalela inkulumo yesiNgisi ngendlebe.
Lo mbhalo wethula kuphela izisekelo, imithetho eyisisekelo kakhulu yokufunda amagama esiNgisi. Umphumela oqhubekayo uncike ekutheni umfundi uzosebenzisa yiphi indlela. Kunemiyalo eminingi enemininingwane yokubiza amagama ekhaya kwi-Intanethi. Kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukuthola okuphelele. Kungcono ukunamathela kwenye yezindlela ezithandwayo noma ezifakazelwe futhi wenze konke okusemandleni akho ukuyiqonda. Ngemuva kwalokho umphumela ngeke ube yisikhathi eside ukuza.