IFatima - isikhungo sohambo lobuKristu ePortugal
Idolobha laseFatima (ePortugal) lakhiwa ngama-Arabhu. Baphinde bayinika negama, eliguquke kaningi ngenxa yemicimbi ethile yomlando. Kepha ngenxa yalokho, idolobha libizwa ngegama elifanayo nangesikhathi sesisekelo salo (IX-X century) - Fatima.
Ulwazi oluvamile
Idolobha elincane laseFatima elinabantu abayizinkulungwane eziyi-12, eliseduze nenhloko-dolobha yezwe (130 km). Lesi sakhiwo siyingxenye yeSantarem County yeSifunda Esimaphakathi sePortugal.
Idolobha laduma lavakashelwa ngemuva kokubonakala okuyisimangaliso kweNtombi enguMariya ezinganeni ezintathu. Lo mcimbi uthathwa yisonto njengesimangaliso sangempela. Njalo ngonyaka ngoMeyi 13, amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaKatolika eza eFatima, ngoba idolobha laziwa njengesikhungo esingokomoya sePortugal.
Indawo enkulu iyakwazi ukuhlalisa wonke umuntu ofuna ukukhonza uMama kaNkulunkulu. Futhi, iFatima Square iyindawo yokubamba imicimbi yezenkolo, futhi ama-oda ahlukahlukene enkolo atholakala esakhiweni seBasilica.
Umlando weDolobha
Ukuhlala kukaFatima kwaba ukubonga okudumile ngokubukeka okuyisimangaliso kukaMama kaNkulunkulu. Usanta wavakashela izingane zakhe ezintathu - uLucia, umzala wakhe uFrancisco, kanye nomzala wakhe uJacinte - amahlandla ayisithupha kusuka ngoMeyi 13 kuya ku-Okthoba 13, 1917. Ezweni lezenkolo, le micimbi yafakwa ohlwini lwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu.
Izingane zathi owesifazane weza kubo egqoke izingubo ezimhlophe futhi wayevela njalo phezu kwesihlahla se-oki. Kuyo kwavela ukukhanya okwakungaphezulu kwelanga. Ngaso sonke isikhathi, uMama kaNkulunkulu ubize ukuphenduka ezonweni futhi athandaze. Amahemuhemu asabalala ngokushesha ezweni lemimoya, kepha abantu abadala abazikholwanga izindaba zezingane.
Ekwindla ka-1917, abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-75 babuthana edolobheni laseFatima (ePortugal) bezobona isimangaliso. Intombi enguMariya ikhombise isixuku isimangaliso - ngokuvayizisa izandla nje umise imvula wahlakaza amafu. Isixuku saguqa phansi, kodwa iNtombi yanyamalala. Lo mcimbi ugcinwe emlandweni ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Dance of the Sun". Ngokushesha leli dolobha elincane lathola isikhundla sendawo engcwele ebaluleke kunazo zonke yobuKatolika.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Ukubonakala kukaNkosikazi Wethu waseFatima kuqoshwa ngokusemthethweni futhi kwamukelwa yisonto. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ukwakhiwa kweBasilica kwaqala, okwathi kamuva kwaba yindawo yokuhambela. Nazi izinsalela zabo bonke ofakazi bokuzibonela abathathu, owayeyiNcasakazi uMariya - uLucia, umzala wakhe nomzala wakhe - uJacinta noFrancisco.
Encwadini! IBraga ingesinye isikhungo esikhulu sokuhambela ePortugal. Ukubuka konke kwedolobha ngezithombe, bheka lapha, ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yokuheha kwalo kuleli khasi.
Izambulo ezintathu zikaFatima
Yizambulo ezintathu noma ukubikezelwa kukanina kaNkulunkulu okudonsela ukunakekela kwabahambi. Ingxenye ngayinye ichaze imibono esabekayo evela ngokuzayo.
Ngo-1948, ngokucela kukaPapa, uLucia wabhala phansi zonke izimpawu ezintathu. Ingqikithi yezambulo ezimbili zokuqala yaziwa kahle, kepha okushiwo okwakamuva akukacacisiswa ngokugcwele.
Ngesikhathi sokubonakala kokuqala, oNgcwele wakhombisa izingane amasango esihogo. Ngasikhathi sinye, wacela abantu ukuthi bathandaze ukuze basindise imiphefumulo yabo, kungenjalo kuzofika impi esabekayo.
Futhi, iNcasakazi uMariya yaxwayisa ngokuthi izothatha izingane ezimbili. Ngokushesha, ngo-1919, umzala kaLucia nomzala wakhe bashona. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-70, isonto lababona njengabangcwele, futhi uPapa wabenza babusiswa. Udadewabo uLucia waba yindela futhi waphila iminyaka engama-98. Ushone ekuqaleni kuka-2005, ngesikhathi somcimbi ePortugal umemezele ukhetho lokulila nokumiswa.
Ngesikhathi sokubonakala kwesibili, uMadonna utshele ngokuvela kobukhomanisi ngokuchitheka kwegazi okubi. Uthe iRussia idinga ukubuyela eSontweni nasenkolweni, kuphela ngale ndlela umhlaba uzohlala uzolile, uma lokhu kungenzeki, kuzoqala izinkinga nezimpi, izizwe zonke zizonyamalala.
Ngebika, uMama kaNkulunkulu wakhuluma ngokukhanya okungajwayelekile esibhakabhakeni. Ebusuku ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari 1938, kwaqoshwa amalambu ahlukile abomvu egazi ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zeNtshonalanga Yurophu. U-Lucia wabona ukukhanya okungaziwa okwakubikezelwe nguMama kaNkulunkulu.
I-omen yesithathu ye-Virgin Mary ihlukaniswe iminyaka eminingi, amahemuhemu amaningi, ukuqagela nezimfihlakalo kuhlotshaniswa nakho. Imfihlo ivezwe ngonyaka we-2000 ngesicelo sikaLucia. Kwatholakala ukuthi, amabika athinta umzamo wokubulala uPapa. UMama kaNkulunkulu wabikezela ngomzamo wokubulala uPapa, kodwa umbhishobhi umiselwe ukusinda njengoba kufanele asindise umhlaba kubukhomanisi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Njengoba kuchazwe ofakazi bokuzibonela, inhlamvu eqhumayo yadubula uPapa John Paul II ngokungalindelekile yashintsha umzila wayo futhi ayilimazanga izitho ezibalulekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, umbhishobhi wabeka inhlamvu ethempelini eFatima. Namuhla igcinwa emqheleni weNtombi.
Kusukela eneminyaka engu-18, uLucia wabhala idayari ngokubonakala kukaMama kaNkulunkulu eFatima ePortugal. Okuqoshiwe kwaziwa ngokuthi "Umlayezo kaFatima". Kuzo, indela latshela ngokuningiliziwe ngesibikezelo samaqhawe amabi kakhulu - iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala neyesibili, ngokushushiswa kwabantu abangamaJuda. Amarekhodi athunyelwa eVatican, kodwa-ke, ahlukaniswa lapho, kodwa akhishwa ngo-1981.
Yini ongayibona kuFatima
Ngemuva kokubonakala kweVirgin Mary edolobheni lasePortugal iFatima kuqinisekiswe ngokusemthethweni yisonto, abahambeli abavela emhlabeni wonke bathutheleka lapha minyaka yonke.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, iBasilica yakhiwa, engahlalisa abantu abangaphansi kwenkulungwane. Lokhu kwakunganele, ngakho abaphathi bedolobha laseFatima banquma ukwakha isikwele esingahlalisa abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-200. Kamuva, iThempeli le-Apparition lakhiwa maqondana neBasilica. Eduze kwawo kwakhiwa izikhumbuzo zabapristi.
Njalo ngonyaka idolobha laseFatima lithola abahambeli nabakholwayo abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Ngalesi sikhathi, umfanekiso we-Virgin Mary ufakwe emgwaqweni, e-altare. Inkonzo iyaqhubeka ubusuku bonke.
Uma uvakashela isikhungo senkolo, qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela izindawo zaseFatima ePortugal.
Indawo Engcwele KaMama Wethu waseFatima
Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi yokwakha emangalisayo, eyakhiwe edolobheni laseFatima (ePortugal) esizeni lapho kwavela khona iNcasakazi uMariya.
Lesi sakhiwo siqukethe:
- amasonto;
- ithempeli elihlotshiswe ngezinsika;
- Ama-Basilicas.
Ngokungangabazeki, iBasilica yingxenye eyinhloko yenkimbinkimbi. Eyakhelwe ngo-1928 futhi ehlotshiswe ngesitayela se-neo-baroque. Phambi kwaso kunesikwele lapho kubanjelwa khona izinsizakalo nezintshumayelo. Ukwenza inkulumo yomfundisi izwakale kuwo wonke umuntu, izikhulumi zifakwa eceleni komngcele wesikwele.
Basilica of Our Lady of Fatima Rosary
Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli kwahlala iminyaka engu-16 futhi kwaqedwa ngo-1944. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-9 yangcweliswa. Kwakukhona esizeni sethempeli ukuthi njalo ngenyanga yomhlaka 13, uMadonna avele ezinganeni. Kusukela lapho, minyaka yonke ngomhlaka 13 kuMeyi nango-Okthoba izivakashi nezihambeli ziza lapha. Sekukonke, bangaphezu kwezigidi ezine abantu abeza kuleli dolobha minyaka yonke. Kunesikwele phambi kwalesi sakhiwo esiphindwe ka-2 ubukhulu beSt.Peter's Square eseVatican. Ingabamba ngasikhathi sinye abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-200 ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Amafasitela e-Basilica ahlotshiswe ngamafasitela anengilazi akhombisa ukuvela okuyisimangaliso kweMadonna. Maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, kwafakwa isitho sasendulo ekwakheni iBasilica.
Indlu yesonto yesonto ibizwa ngegama lokuvela kweVirgin. Kuhlotshiswe ngekholomu eyenziwe ngemabula ngesithombe seNtombikazi uMariya.
Isahluko Sokubonakala KweNtombi EyiMariya
Kunamasonto amaningi endaweni engcwele; engxenyeni emaphakathi, lapho kwenzeka khona isimangaliso, kunendlu yesonto yokubonakala kukaMariya uMariya. Kunensika yemabula engekude nendlu yesonto. Isonto lincane, elakhiwa entwasahlobo ka-1919 ngemizamo yabahlali bendawo. Inkonzo yokuqala yabanjelwa kuyo ngo-1921, kodwa-ke, ngonyaka olandelayo isonto lacekelwa phansi, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo labuyiselwa.
I-Basilica kaZiqu-zintathu Ongcwele
Lingelinye lamasonto amakhulu amaKhatholika - lenzelwe abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyi-9. Lokhu kuyingqophamlando entsha, ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaphela ngo-2007.
Lesi sakhiwo sinesimo esingajwayelekile sesonto - siphansi, asinazindlu futhi sibukeka njengegalari noma isikhungo semibukiso.
Ukuhlukaniselwa kweSonto LikaZiqu-zintathu Elingcwele kubekelwe isikhathi sokuhambisana nesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-90 sokubonakala okuyisimangaliso kukaMama kaNkulunkulu.
Umsebenzi wokwakha wawuqondiswa ngumdwebi wamapulani ongumGreki. Amakholwa nezihambeli banikele ngemali yokwakha. Umhlobiso we-façade nangaphakathi wenziwa ngesitayela saseByzantine, ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yendawo ephawulekayo ihlotshiswe ngemidwebo yamakhosi adumile. I-mosaic eyenziwe ngezandla kusuka kumathayili igcinwe kahle kuze kube yilolu suku. Ukungena kwi-Basilica, kuneminyango eyi-13, le nombolo ifanekisela abantu abangu-13 ababekhona eSidlweni Sokugcina. Izindonga zihlotshiswe ngezingcaphuno ezidumile zeBhayibheli ezihunyushelwe ezilimini ezingama-23.
Okufanele ukwenze phakathi nohambo
AmaPilgrim afika kuFatima azophenduka ezonweni zawo adlula sonke isikwele esikhulu, aguqe ngamadolo. Balandela kusukela ku-Basilica of the Virgin Mary ukuya ethempelini elisha. Umbukwane uyamangaza ngempela lapho izinkulungwane zamakholwa zikhasa ngobumnene ziguqe ngamadolo ngale kwesikwele. Abantu abaningi basonga indwangu emadolweni abo, ngoba badinga ukuhambisa amatshe kasimende. Abantu abadala beza lapha, abantu abasha bayabasiza, babambe izandla.
Imvamisa abantu beza lapha bezocela impilo nokwelashwa. Lokhu kungenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo. Eduze kwethempeli, kuthengiswa imikhiqizo ye-wax elingisa izitho zomzimba. Udinga ukuthenga ingxenye yomzimba edinga ukwelashwa bese uyiphonsa esithandweni sokuncibilikisa, esiseduze nethempeli.
Iseluleko! Ngemuva kokuvakashela indawo engcwele, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola i-Wax Museum. Nazi imibukiso eqoqiwe ekhuluma ngomlando wendawo engcwele.
Izindleko zethikithi labantu abadala zingama-euro ayisithupha, kanti ithikithi lezingane lingu-3.5 euros. Ungahamba futhi ngehlathi lomnqumo, lapho ungakhululeka khona. Ungafika esihlahleni ngale ndlela elandelayo - usuka ethempelini, ulandele uye enkabeni yesikwele, lapho kutholakala khona isithombe seVirgin Mary, lapho kudingeka ujike kwesobunxele. Umgwaqo omkhulu wedolobha, oqanjwe ngomzala kaLucia uFrancisco, useduze kwesikwele. Kulo mgwaqo kunezitolo ezinemikhiqizo yezenkolo, izitolo zezikhumbuzo, iminyuziyamu namahhotela.
Ungafika kanjani kuFatima
1. Ngokuzimela ebhasini
Kukhona amabhasi asuka enhlokodolobha yasePortugal aya eFatima, uhambo luthatha amahora angu-1.5 kuphela.
- Indawo yokuhamba isiteshi sase-Oriente, kusuka kuzingxenyekazi 46-49.
- Amabhasi agijimela eFatima izikhathi eziningana ngosuku - kuya ngesizini, kungaba namabhasi asukela ku-3 kuye kwayi-10. Sekukonke, kunezindiza eziyi-10 ngosuku eziqhutshwa yiRede Expressos.
- Intengo yamathikithi ama-euro ayi-12.2, kunezaphulelo zezingane nabadala. Umbhalo wokuhamba ungathengwa kuwebhusayithi yenkampani (www.rede-expressos.pt) noma ngqo esiteshini sesitimela ehhovisi lamathikithi.
Qhathanisa amanani entengo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli Fomu
Ngohambo oluqondisiwe
Enye indlela ukuthenga ukuvakasha kokubuka indandatho yegolide yasePortugal. Ngaphezu kweFatima, izivakashi zivakashela izindlu zezindela i-Alcobasa neBatalha, idolobhana lokudoba laseNazaretha elinamagagasi amakhulu nedolobha elincane eliyinqaba i-Obidos. Izindleko zohambo olunjalo zizobiza okungenani ama-euro angama-75. Funda ngezinye izinkambo eLisbon nangaphezulu kwalapha (incazelo yama-guides nezinhlelo zawo ngamanani).
Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi eminyakeni engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye edlule akekho owaziyo ngomuzi waseFatima (ePortugal), futhi le ndawo ayizange ivezwe ebalazweni lezwe. Izinguquko ezinkulu zenzeka ngoMeyi 1917, kusukela lapho umlando wedolobha usushintshile. Namuhla iyisikhungo senkolo esidumile emhlabeni wonke sobuKatolika.
Yonke intengo ekhasini ngeka-Ephreli 2020.
Indlela isikwele esikhulu seFatima esibukeka ngayo ngezinsuku zokuhambela, kwenzekani lapho - bukela ividiyo.