May 1 iholide - umlando, ongakunikeza
Usuku lukaMeyi, uMay Day! Yiliphi iholide leli? "Ngidweba ngoshoki obomvu ngesibindi: ukuthula, umsebenzi kanye noMeyi ..." Kudala, njalo ngonyaka ekuseni ngoMay Day ofudumele, le migqa yayizwakala ivela kuzo zonke izikhulumi zezwe lakithi elikhulu, futhi izigidi zabantu zaya embukisweni kaMay Day, zijabule, zikhuthazekile, zikholelwa emandleni azo, inkululeko nokunganqobeki.
Vele, izinsuku zeSoviet Union nezinjongo zamaKhomanisi sezikude kakhulu. Kepha esikhathini sethu, uMeyi 1 - uSuku lweNtwasahlobo nezabaSebenzi, usuku lobumbano lwabasebenzi - ngelinye lamaholide athandwa kakhulu ngabantu baseRussia.
UMay Day ukuqala kwenyanga yokugcina yasentwasahlobo, imfudumalo ebikade ilindelwe, ukuqhakaza kwe-lilac, ukulindelwa kwehlobo elishisayo nelincane. UMeyi 1 wusuku lokuqala ochungechungeni lwamaholide athandwa yizigidi, ithuba lokuphumula, ukuchitha isikhathi nomndeni wakho, ukuya emibonisweni, emibonweni nakweminye imicimbi ethokozisayo.
Kepha uma isizukulwane esidala sisakhumbula imvelaphi yalolu suku eSoviet Union, khona-ke kubantu abasha uMay Day akuyona inkokhiso kumasiko nemibono yesikhathi esedlule, kepha kuphela usuku olungeziwe ekhefini lokusebenza. Ivelaphi leli holide? Futhi kugujwa kuphela eRussia?
Umlando weholide
Uma ucabanga ukuthi iMay Day ivela eSoviet Union, wenza iphutha. Empeleni, ngokomlando iyiholide laseMelika. Ngo-1886, ngoMeyi 1, isiteleka sabasebenzi senzeka edolobheni laseMelika iChicago: abantu ababekhathele usuku lokusebenza amahora angu-15 bafuna ukuthanjiswa kwezimo zokusebenza, izinsuku zomthetho zokuphumula kanye neziqinisekiso zomphakathi.
Isiteleka asilethanga miphumela ebesifunwa: iziphathimandla zaseMelika zihlakaza umhlangano ngonya, abaningi balimala futhi babulawa nokufa. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngalolo suku kuqhubeke, usuku lukaMeyi 1 lwalugxilile ekhalendeni laseMelika: minyaka yonke, abasebenzi ezweni lonke baqala ukungena ezitaladini, befuna isimo esifanele ngomsebenzi wabo. Ngo-1889, iParis Congress yalubona lolu suku njengeholide futhi yalunikeza igama layo lokuqala elisemthethweni: Usuku Lwabasebenzi Lokusebenzisana.
Ngo-1890, bekhuthazwe yisibonelo sabasebenzi baseChicago, babamba iqhaza embukisweni kaMay Day eWarsaw. Ngawo lowo nyaka, izinto zokuqala ezincane zenzeka eRussia yaseTsarist. Imibukiso emikhulu etholwe ngo-1897: lapho-ke izinkulungwane zabantu zangena emigwaqweni ezweni lonke. Kuphephezeliswa amafulegi abomvu, kwaqubuka iziqubulo zeziguquko. Ngo-1917, ngosuku olwandulela i-October Revolution edumile, izigidi zabantu zabamba iqhaza emibhikishweni kulo lonke elaseRussia. Kwakukulo nyaka lapho ukugujwa kukaMeyi 1 kwathola umlingiswa omkhulu kangaka, esaziyo ezithombeni nakumavidiyo omlando waseSoviet.
Ngemuva kokugumbuqelwa kukahulumeni wama-tsarist nokufika kwamakhomanisi, leli holide lishintshe i-vector yalo. Manje, abantu abasebenzayo abahlala ezweni elikhulu, elikhululekile futhi elihle lekusasa kwakungadingeki ukuthi bavikele amalungelo abo: balwela ukulingana kwabanye abantu abacindezelwe, belwela ukuthula komhlaba, bamemezela inkululeko futhi balwela ukwakhiwa kobukhomanisi bomhlaba.
Umbukiso wamakhomanisi wokugcina kaMay Day wenzeka ngo-1991. Ngemuva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, leli holide laphinde laqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi yiSpring and Labor Day. Namuhla ligujwa ngezinga elincane, kepha noma kunjalo likhululekile futhi licabanga ngokukhululeka kakhulu kugridi yemikhosi yabantu baseRussia. Amaqembu nezinhlangano ezahlukahlukene ziya emihlanganweni nezimfuno zazo, imiboniso emibalabala, amakhonsathi, izenzo zenziwa ezweni lonke, futhi konke kugcina ngeziqhumane ezikhanyayo.
Isakhiwo sevidiyo
Njengoba kugujwa ngoMeyi 1 kwamanye amazwe
Usuku oludumile lukaMeyi alugujwa e-United States kuphela, eRussia nasePoland. Cishe amazwe angama-150 emhlabeni wonke angena ezitaladini ngoMeyi 1 ukumemezela imibono yawo yamahhala, amemeze iziqubulo ezizwakalayo futhi aphumule nje kamnandi. Emazweni ahlukene ibizwa ngokuhlukile: e-Kazakhstan lusuku lwe-Unity of Peoples, eSpain usuku lwezimbali, kanti e-Italy usuku olujabulisa kakhulu onyakeni yigama elihle, akunjalo? - kepha ingqikithi yabo icishe ifane: leli yiholide elibekelwe intwasahlobo, inkululeko nokulingana.
IMay Day igujwa ngezindlela ezahlukene emazweni ehlukene. Imibukiso eminingi enemibala ibanjelwa eJalimane, futhi kunesiko elithinta inhliziyo: indoda esothandweni ingatshala isithombo ngaphansi kwamafasitela entombazane yayo ethandekayo. ESweden, ngobusuku bangoMeyi 1, kushiswa udoti onqwabelene ebusika. EGrisi, lolu suku lufanekisela izinkathi zonyaka eziguqukayo (ngokusho kwenganekwane efanayo kaDemeter noPersephone), futhi amantombazane amancane aluka amagoda ezimbali zezimbali zasendle. EFrance nase-Italy, ngalolu suku, kuhlelwe yonke imibukiso yezimbali, futhi bonke abantu banikezana izimbali, kanti eHolland ngoMeyi 1 kunomkhosi we-tulip, futhi izinkulungwane zezivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke ziza kuleli minyaka minyaka ukuzobona umbukwane omuhle.
Isakhiwo sevidiyo
Ungabahalalisela kanjani abangane nozakwabo, onganikela ngakho
UMeyi 1 yiholide ngokomlando elihlotshaniswa namalungelo nenkululeko yezakhamizi, ngakho-ke into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ngalolu suku ukuphumula kahle. Thokozisa umndeni wakho nabangane ngokubamemela epikinikini ngokwemvelo noma kusoso inyama ezweni. Uma ingekho indlela yokuphuma edolobheni - iya embukisweni ndawonye, thenga amafulegi namabhaluni anemibala, kanye nokuthile okumnandi ematendeni amaningi angaphansi komhlaba.
Kuyisiko ukunikeza okuthile okuwusizo ngoMeyi 1. Umphathi noma umqondisi anganikezwa ngedayari, umgqugquzeli noma ikhalenda yoqobo. Uma ukuzwana kanye nobudlelwano obufudumele bukhona, ungahlekisa kancane: nikeza indondo yamathoyizi ku "Umholi Ohamba phambili" noma uphawu emnyango wehhovisi "Sicela ungaphazamisi - abaphathi bazihoxile." Kunezinto eziningi eziyizikhumbuzo zamahlaya ezitolo zezipho.
Ozakwethu - wethula ngezihloko zobungcweti: isethi yamapeni abomvu kathisha, ikesi elihle lekhethi eliphathekayo losizo lokuqala likadokotela, ipeni elimele kakhulu lommeli noma usomabhizinisi. Naka ukuzilibazisa kozakwethu: umlimi okhuthele uzothokoza ngamathuluzi engadi, imbewu nezithombo, kanye nomuntu osalungisa inaliti - ngentambo entsha noma isethi yabaluki. Into esemqoka ukuthi ube nesandla esivulekile futhi ube ngowangempela!
UMay Day yilona kanye usuku lapho indoda nomkayo benganikeza omunye nomunye izitsha zasekhishini, izinto zasendlini nemishini yokusebenza ngaphandle kwesazela. Ungenza futhi isipho esingokomfanekiso: isibonelo, nikeza umshanelo onamahlumela aluhlaza afakwe kuwo.
Unganikeza abangani bakho isethi yeholide lasehlobo: isibonelo, inyama yokwehla enama-skewers, ubhasikidi wepikiniki, ingubo yokuvala amanzi noma i-lounger enesambulela. Izinto ezincane ezijabulisayo, ezidlalayo nazo zifanelekile: ikhayithi, inqwaba yamabhola amhlophe, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu (ifulegi laseRussia), imidlalo yebhodi.
Amaqiniso athokozisayo ahlobene neholide
Emlandweni omude, wamazwe omhlaba, iMay Day ithole inani elikhulu lamaqiniso athakazelisayo. Ngizobhala ezinye zazo.
- Umgubho wokuqala kwentwasahlobo usukela ezinsukwini zobuqaba: isibonelo, iMaypole kwakuwuphawu lomkhosi wasendulo wamaCelt iBeltane, eduze kwawo babedansa ngamaribhoni, futhi lokhu kwaphawula ukuvuka kwemvelo;
- Inyanga kaMay uqobo lwayo ibizwa ngegama likankulunkulukazi ongumhedeni uMaya, owayenomthwalo wokuzala; ukumjabulisa, abantu baletha izipho ezinhle futhi bakubungaza kakhulu ukufika kwenyanga yokugcina yasentwasahlobo;
- Ngesikhathi seSoviet Union, kwavela amagama amaningi angajwayelekile anokususwa kwemibhalo "kwamakhomanisi": UVladlen - uVladimir Lenin, uStaliv - uStalin Joseph Vissarionovich, kwakukhona negama elithi Dazdraperma - "Long Live May Day".
Uma kungekho zinhlelo ezinkulu, futhi ungayi embukisweni noma epikinikini, ungakhokhela amasiko nemibono yezikhathi zamaSoviet futhi ubuke umlando wevidiyo wemiboniso yokuqala, ulalele izingoma ezake zadlalwa ngalolu suku oluhle lwentwasahlobo, noma ujwayelane namafilimu ezikhathi zeSoviet.
Yebo, uMay Day wusuku olubalulekile neholide kubo bonke abahlala emhlabeni. UMeyi 1 akuyona nje usuku lokuphumula, usuku olunomlando ocebile namasiko amangalisayo. UMeyi 1 uwuphawu lwenkululeko, ukulingana nobuzalwane. Futhi wonke umuntu ozihloniphayo kanye nesakhamuzi kufanele ngokuqinisekile bazi okuthe xaxa ngaleliholide.