Ubuhle efasiteleni: ukukhulisa nokunakekela ama-violets ekhaya

I-Violet isitshalo esithandwayo sendlu esinqobe izinhliziyo zabalimi abaningi bezimbali ngokuqhakaza kwaso okukhanyayo nokukhanyayo.

Isikhathi eside, i-violet yavela phakathi kwezitshalo ze-horticultural, futhi manje ikhule ngenkuthalo ezimweni zasendlini. Ama-inflorescence ayo aheha ngobuhle bawo, kanti amaqabunga awovezela.

Namuhla kunezinhlobo zayo eziningi, ngakunye okungafani nezimpawu zangaphandle kuphela, kepha nezici zokunakekelwa. Ukwazi konke okuyinkimbinkimbi kwama-violets akhulayo, ungavimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo futhi wandise ukuqhakaza.

Unakekelwa kanjani ekhaya?

Ukukhetha imbiza efanele

Lapho ukhula i-violet ekhaya, kubalulekile ukunakekela imbiza efanele. Ukuvikela i-clod ekumunyeni, kufanele kube umswakama futhi uphefumuleke. Lokhu kuzovumela uhlelo lwempande ukuthi lukhule ngenkuthalo. Ngembali ekhulile kufanele kube nesiqukathi esinobude nobubanzi obungu-10 cm.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye engezansi yayo kufanele ibe ne- ½ drainage. Kuze kube yilapho uhlelo lwempande lugcwalisa imbiza ye-substrate, ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele ngeke kwenzeke. Ngokuzalisa, ibhodwe lokuqala ububanzi lizoba ngamasentimitha ayi-6. Kepha umgodi wokuhambisa amanzi kufanele ube mkhulu. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kabusha njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ngasikhathi sinye, akudingekile ukuthi ushintshe isitsha njalo, kubalulekile ukushintsha i-substrate, ukuhlanza izimpande.

Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi nokulingana

Lapho unakekela i-violet yegumbi, kubalulekile ukunakekela i-substrate esezingeni eliphakeme. Ukutshala isitshalo, sebenzisa ukwakheka kwe-asidi, kufaka phakathi izithako ezinjalo:

• umhlanga;
• i-sphagnum moss eyomile;
• umhlaba onamaqabunga;
• amalahle.

Umkhandlu. I-Perlite ne-vermiculite zingangezwa ku-peat. Ngenxa yazo, umswakama osemhlabathini uzohlala isikhathi eside.

Ubulembu namalahle akufanele kudlule u-10% wezingqikithi zezinto eziyinhloko:

• i-peat - izingxenye ezintathu;
• umhlaba wamaqabunga - izingxenye ezi-5;
• isihlabathi somfula omangele - ingxenye eyodwa.

Umswakama odingekayo

Endaweni yazo yemvelo, ama-violets ajwayele umswakama ophezulu. Ekhaya, gcina umswakama ngaphakathi kwe-50-60%, hhayi ngaphansi. Uma izinga lomswakama lehla, khona-ke inani lomswakama ofunwa yimbali ngeke likhokhele inani lamanzi aphuphuma yi-violet.

Ngenxa yalokhu, amahlumela ngeke avuleke ngokuphelele, futhi amaqabunga azoqala ukoma futhi asonge. Ukwandisa izinga lomswakama, akukhuthazwa ukufafaza isitshalo ngebhodlela le-spray. Lokhu kuzomane kwandise lesi simo, ngoba kuzoholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo zefungal. Kepha unganyusa umswakama ngaphandle kokulimaza imbali uma uqoqa izimbiza eziningana eqenjini. Vele uqiniseke ukuthi amaqabunga ezimbiza ezihlukene awathintani.

Izici zokukhanyisa nokukhetha indawo efanele

Lapho nje isitshalo singena endaweni entsha, siyacindezelwa khona manjalo. Ukuze isikhathi sokuzijwayeza sidlule ngokushesha futhi kalula ngangokunokwenzeka, udinga ukuhlinzeka i-violet ngezimo ezifanele. Kwalokhu Iziqukathi ezinembali kufanele zibekwe efasiteleni elibheke entshonalanga noma empumalanga.

Uma ufaka isiqukathi ewindini eliseningizimu, kuzofanele ukuthi uthunge isitshalo. Futhi yize i-violet isabela kahle ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ngomthelela wayo omkhulu nasendaweni ohlangothini lwaseningizimu, kuyingozi ukwethuka emaqabungeni e-velvety entekenteke. Lokhu kudala izimbobo ezingakhangi ezinemiphetho eyomile kuzo. Inetha lomiyane kufanele libekwe efasiteleni ukuze imisebe yelanga isakaze.

Futhi-ke kuzokwazi ukugwema umthelela omubi.

Okubalulekile. Lapho ubeka isitshalo efasiteleni, qiniseka ukuthi amaqabunga awathinti ingilazi. Umoya omusha ubuye usebenzele ama-violets, kepha akufanele kube khona okusalungiswa, ngoba lokhu kungukucindezeleka kwangempela kwesitshalo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye nezinhlangothi ze-violet bush zithola ukukhanya okulinganayo, zungezisa ibhodwe njalo.

Yenza lokhu kanye ngesonto noma ngenkathi unisela. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, khona-ke isihlahla sizolula siye ohlangothini olulodwa, okuholele umehluko ngosayizi wamaqabunga nezimbali.

Umbuso wethempelesha

Amahlumela avuleka ezingeni lokushisa lama-18 degrees (ebusika) kanye nama-24 degrees (ehlobo)... Uma ukufundwa kokushisa kungaphansi noma ngaphezu kobubanzi obucacisiwe, khona-ke ukukhula nokuqhakaza kwe-violet kuyama.

Ungayinisela kanjani kahle?

Kuyadingeka ukunisela i-violet ukuze inhlabathi etholakala kuyo ingomi futhi ingaphenduki ibe yisigaxa esiqinile. Nciphisa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto. Imvamisa yokunisela inqunywa ngokucabangela umswakama wegumbi, inkathi kanye nenhlabathi. Futhi yize i-violet ithanda inhlabathi enomswakama, ukuvalwa kwamanzi akuvumelekile.

Fafaza ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa. Kufanele ithambe futhi izinze. Lapho wenza lokhu, qiniseka ukuthi awekho amanzi angena emaqabungeni. Lapho unisela, kufanele uthobele le mithetho elandelayo:

1. Khetha indlela ye-humidification: evamile, ipani noma intambo. Sibheka inketho yokugcina njengefanele kakhulu. Uma usetha uhlelo ngendlela efanele, ungamanzisa i-violet kanye njalo emavikini amabili.
2. Ngokunisela ngentambo, izakhiwo ze-capillary zentambo ziyasetshenziswa, ngenxa yokuthi amanzi avela esitsheni esingaphansi kwebhodwe akhuphuka ngentambo futhi anikeze umswakama enhlabathini. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo sendlu sithola inani loketshezi oludingayo ngesikhathi esithile nangaphansi kwezimo ezinikeziwe.
3. Thela amanzi epanini ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15.
4. Sebenzisa uketshezi oluhlungiwe kuphela.
5. Izinga lokushisa kwalo kufanele libe ngama-18-22 degrees.

Umanyolo

Ukuvimbela ukufa kwesitshalo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi sidinga nini ukondliwa nokuthi ungasenqaba nini. Ukukhula okugcwele nokuqhakaza kwama-violets, izingoma ezilandelayo ziyadingeka:

1. Umanyolo wamaminerali... Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-superphosphates, ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlinzekwa kwezimbali nokukhula okusebenzayo kunikezwa. Kuyadingeka ukwengeza ama-granules angenambala noma amhlophe ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha.
2. Umanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi... Ngenxa yabo, imbali yasendlini igcwele izinto ezibalulekile zamaminerali.
3. Ukwakheka okungokwemvelo... Ukukhulelwa ungasebenzisa inani elincane le-humus noma i-humus, elingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyadingeka kuphela kubantu abadala kanye nabantu abaphilile.

Umkhandlu. Akunconywa ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen. Uma zisenkingeni eyandisiwe, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sizoqala ukwakha uhlaza oluhlaza, kepha ukuqhakaza kungaze kubonakale.

Imininingwane engaphezulu yokuthi kungani ama-violets engase angaqhakazi nokuthi ungasinakekela kahle kanjani isitshalo ukugwema lokhu, sikhulume ngakho endabeni ehlukile.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zase-Uzambara nokwehluka kwazo egumbini elijwayelekile

Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-violets ajwayelekile asendlini, iSaintpaulias (Uzambara violet) ine-corolla yamacembe amahlanu. Cishe inesimo esifanele futhi ifakwe kushubhu. Inani lama-stamens akulona i-5, kodwa i-4, ngenxa yokuthi induduzo yasebusika yembali ayinakutholakala, ebizwa kakhulu kuma-violets ajwayelekile.

Kunokwehluka maqondana nokunakekelwa. I-Usambara violet idinga ukushisa okuphezulu, umswakama, okusalungiswa akuvumelekile ngakho, kufuna ngenhlabathi nekhwalithi yokukhanyisa.

Ukukhula, ukukhiqiza kabusha nokufakelwa kabusha

Uma i-violet yasendlini ithola izakhamzimba njalo ngohlobo lomanyolo oketshezi, ukufakelwa akudingekile. Yenza lokhu kuphela uma isitshalo siminyene kakhulu ebhodweni, singena ngezimpande. Ngemuva kwalokho ungahambisa imbali iye esitsheni esikhudlwana ngenhlabathi entsha yokubumba.
Isikhathi esihle sokufakelwa kabusha entwasahlobo.... Khetha isitsha esikhulu (2-4 cm) esikhulu kunesedlule. Abanye abazilibazisa batshala lesi sitshalo minyaka yonke. Lokhu kubenza bakwazi ukuhlola isimo se-rhizome. Uma izimpande ezomisiwe noma ezisakazekayo zibonakala ku-coma yobumba, bese uzisusa ngommese obukhali nonesibulali magciwane.

Ukusabalalisa ama-violets asendlini, indlela yokusika amaqabunga inhle kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukusika amaqabunga afakwe uphethiloli esitshalweni sikamama onqenqemeni olungaphansi usebenzisa ummese obukhali. Hlanza ngamanzi ukuvimbela ukuthuthuka kokubola. Gcwalisa isitshalo esingu-1 cm sibe ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi. Akukho manyolo okudingekayo.

Hlanganisa i-substrate ngamanzi afudumele. Qhubeka uhlole izincomo ezilandelayo:

1. Beka ibhodwe esikhwameni sepulasitiki esisobala ukudala umphumela wokushisa okushisa.
2. Misa endaweni ekhanyayo, kodwa hhayi elangeni. Gcina umbuso wokushisa ngaphakathi kwama-20-25 degrees.
3. Faka umoya nsuku zonke ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta.

Uma zonke lezi zimo kuhlangatshezwana nazo, izingane zizovela ngesibambo emavikini angu-4-6. Amahlumela azoba yi-2 kuye ku-3 cm ukuphakama futhi ahlukaniswe nembali kamama ukuze atshalwe kabusha ngokwahlukana. Sebenzisa iziqukathi ezinobubanzi obungu-9 cm.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuqothula ama-violets usebenzisa ukusika, kanye nezinye izindlela zokutshala imbali, kufaka phakathi imbewu, lapha.

Izifo ezingenzeka

Ukuqinisekisa impilo ende yesitshalo, kubalulekile ukulandela yonke imithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinambuzane nezifo zizomane zonakalise imbali. Phakathi kwezinambuzane eziyingozi kuma-violets kukhona:

• imikhaza;
• izihlangu nezihlangu zamanga;
• ama-thrips;
• iziphethu;
• ama-nematode;
• izibungu;
• i-aphid;
• izintwala zezinkuni;
• omiyane namaphilisi;
• i-greenhouse whitefly.

Ngesikhathi sokulima nokunakekelwa kwalesi sitshalo esishisayo abalimi bezimbali baba nobunzima obuthinta kabi isimo se-violet:

1. Ngokunisela okuningi ngamanzi abandayo, indawo ensundu ingavela emaqabungeni entekenteke esitshalo.
2. Uma ubeka imbiza yama-violets endaweni epholile, khona-ke izoqala ukufiphala, ibe yindlala. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka, okungenani ebusuku, ukudlulisela imbali ukufudumala.
3. Ngaphansi kwethonya lelanga eliqondile, amaqabunga nezimbali zesitshalo kuyasha bese zimbozwa ngendawo ebomvu.
4. Ngomswakama oweqile njalo emhlabathini, ukuqala kokubola kwezimpande zama-violets kuqala. Izitshalo ezinezikhukhula nezonakalisiwe kumele ziphinde zitshalwe ngokushesha, uma kungenjalo zingafa.
5. Lapho umoya osegumbini lapho kukhona khona ama-violets usuthiswe kakhulu yimiphunga yegesi, umhwamuko wamakhemikhali, khona-ke uzosabela kuwo ngale ndlela elandelayo: i-pallor yamaqabunga, ukumiswa kokukhula kwawo, ama-inflorescence azothola umbala onsundu bese eqala ukuwa.

Isiphetho

I-violet yasekhaya ngeyalezo zitshalo ezilula, futhi ezimnandi ukuzinakekela. Igcina zonke izincomo nemithetho yobuchwepheshe bezolimo, imbali izokhula ngokugqamile futhi isikhathi eside, ikhule futhi ithuthuke, futhi azikho izinambuzane zalesi sifo ezizoyisabisa.

Bukela ividiyo: Juvias Place The Violets Palette (Julayi 2024).