Ukuqonda inkinga yokuzalaniswa kwe-begonia Elatior
Isihlahla esihlangene, esigcwele izimbali ezikhanyayo zazo zonke izinhlobo zemibala - indawo yangempela yezimbali ezibuna ngokushesha.
Lesi sitshalo esihle ngokumangalisayo yi-Elatior begonia.
Ingaqhakaza kabili ngonyaka, yakhe umoya othokomele endlini futhi imise abanikazi bayo ngendlela enhle.
Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ukuthi lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza kanjani nokuthi kunzima kanjani ukusinakekela.
Mayelana nesitshalo
Lesi sitshalo siyi-shrub engapheli, uhlobo lwe-hybrid. Ukuphakama okuphezulu akufinyeleli ngaphezu kuka-40cm. Isiqu sinamandla futhi siyinyama. Izimbali ngokuvamile zifika ku-8 cm ububanzi, ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence. Zitholakala kuma-peduncles amade.
Umbala wamacembe ahlukahlukene, kuye ngokuhlukahluka. Ukuthungwa kwama-inflorescence kuyisibere futhi kuyashelela. Uhlobo lwezimbali lufana ne-inflorescence encane yama-roses, ama-peonies. Amaqabunga ayalingana, amile okwenhliziyo.
Umbala wazo uluhlaza okotshani ngombala ocwebezelayo, kusuka ngezansi kukhona okuluhlaza okukhanyayo. Isici esiyinhloko salolu hlobo siqhakaza ngenkathi ebandayo., ngale mfanelo lesi sitshalo sinegama lesibili "ubusika".
Izindlela zokuzala
Abalimi bezimbali be-Novice abesabayo bayazala ubuhle basebusika bebodwa, ngakho-ke bavame ukuthenga imbali eyenziwe ngomumo ezitolo.
Eqinisweni, akukho lutho olunzima ekusakazweni kwezitshalo, ngisho non-non-professional angakwenza. I-Begonia ikhiqizwa ngezindlela eziyinhloko:
- imbewu yokutshala;
- ukusika izimpande;
- ngeshidi noma ingxenye yeshidi;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwesihlahla sikamama.
Ungasusa kanjani nge-cuttings?
Ngisho nasezimeni ezinethezekile, ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4-5, isitshalo kufanele sivuselelwe.... Indlela yokusika iyinkinga encane kakhulu, iyashesha futhi isebenza ngempumelelo yabo bonke. Izinga lokusinda lezithombo ze-begonia liphezulu impela. Futhi, indlela ikuvumela ukuthi uthole amasampula afanayo nomama.
Indlela yokuzalanisa imifino ye-begonias ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezilandelayo:
- ukulungiswa kwama-cuttings;
- ukucubungula izinto zokutshala;
- ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele;
- ukutshala isitshalo esincane emhlabathini.
Okubalulekile! Kunconywa ukwenza inqubo yokusika ngo-Ephreli futhi kungakadluli. Izithelo zasehlobo zingaphansi, ziyizigaxa kakhulu, ziyaqhakaza ngokushesha, zivimbele ukuthi isitshalo sikhule.
Ukuqeqesha
Izingxenye ezingenhla zesiqu zisetshenziselwa ukusika, okunempilo nokuqinile, 8-10 cm ubude. Kumele okungenani babe namahlumela ama-3. Amaqabunga kufanele asuswe, angashiyi ngaphezu kwamabili, ukuze angathathi amandla ehlumela.
Lo msebenzi wenziwa ngommese obukhali obedlulele, ngokulandelana, ngakho-ke ukuxhumana kwesitshalo nemvelo kuzosebenza kangcono. Izigaba kufanele ziphathwe ngezidakamizwa ukuvusa ukwakheka kwezimpande "Kornevin", "Zircon".
Imiyalo
Ukuze kuhlume, ukusika kufakwa emanzini, noma kufakwe ku-substrate.
Lapho unezimpande emanzini, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe iziqukathi ezenziwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo, ububanzi obuncane... Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze inqubo ingagcini ngokukhula, kepha futhi ithole amandla. Amanzi kufanele ahlanzeke, angenakho ukungcola nosawoti. Ithebhulethi yekhabhoni esebenzayo kufanele ingezwe esitsheni ngesibambo, njengesivikelo ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo zefungal.
Cishe izinsuku ezingama-30, ihlumela libekwa endaweni ekhanyayo, ngezinga lokushisa elingu- + 22-24 ° C. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nomswakama - okungenani ama-60%. Okusobala kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngokushesha izimpande ezichanyuselwe. Ngemuva kwenyanga, kuzokwakhiwa uhlelo lwempande.
Kungcono ukhethe ama-chips kakhukhunathi, i-sawdust, i-vermiculite njenge-substrate. Lezi zinto zinezinto ezilwa namagciwane. Isiqu sifakwa emanzini bese sicwiliswa kwisisombululo esikhethekile sokuthuthuka okusheshayo kohlelo lwempande. Ibhodwe likhethwa ngosayizi wokusika, lingcwatshwa nge-engeli, libe yi-substrate enomswakama ngo-2-3 cm.
Qaphela ukuthi ishidi alihlangani nomhlabathi.
Ngemuva kwalokho isitsha simbozwa ngento esobala ukudala umphumela wokushisa okushisa okushisayo. Izinga lokushisa elikhulu lingu + 22-24 ° C. Kuyadingeka ukuthambisa njalo i-substrate, ukuyivimba ukuthi ingomi. Futhi uvuse umoya ukuze umswakama owedlulele unganqwabeli. Inqubo yokuqothula ihlala amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha.
Ukutshala enhlabathini
Ngemuva kwenyanga nengxenye, ihlumela kufanele litshalwe libe inhlabathi evundile, evulekile (ibuye ifundwe ngama-nuances wokutshala imbali lapha).
Ngokutshala kabusha, kukhethwa inhlabathi elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile ye-begonias ene-pH engathathi hlangothi. Amanzi abekwa ezansi embizeni yezimbali. Kuyafaneleka ukwehlisa isitshalo emhlabathini ngokucophelela, izimpande zintekenteke kakhulu ukuze zingaphuli. Ngemuva kwalokho i-begonia kufanele iniselwe ngamanzi afudumele ahlalisiwe. Kulesi sigaba, kubalulekile:
- bondle isitshalo esincane ngamanyolo amaminerali anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen, ukuze kukhule ukusebenza;
- qinisa izithombo;
- nikeza amahora amahora angu-16 emini.
Ngemuva kwenye inyanga, kubalulekile ukuqala ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwama-peduncles. Lesi sitshalo sizothola ukukhanya kuze kube yihora lesi-9 ngosuku, isikhathi esisele amahlumela ambozwa ngefilimu emnyama. Lo mbuso ugcinwa izinsuku eziyi-10-14, bese kubuyiselwa izimo zangaphambilini. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3, isitshalo esincane sizoqala ukuqhakaza.
Imbewu
Ukutshalwa kwe-Elatior begonias usebenzisa imbewu akuvamile kakhulu, ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo eyi-hybrid. Kunzima ukuvuna imbewu. Okuwukuphela kohlobo olukhiqiza ngale ndlela yiCharisma. Ukutshala imbewu kuqala ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaFebhuwari, umnqamulajuqu uphakathi noMashi, bese kuthi izimbali zokuqala zivele ekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Amabhokisi esithombo akhethwa njengesiqukathi. Kungcono ukuthenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo, engeyona i-asidi. Phansi kwebhodlela lezimbali kumbozwe ungqimba oludingekayo lwamanzi. Ngosuku ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu, umhlabathi kufanele uniselwe. Ukushisa kwenhlabathi kufanele kube phakathi kuka + 26-28 ° С. Imbewu itshalwe ngokulingana emhlabathini, imbozwe ngengilazi noma enye into eguqukayo.
Amabhokisi esithombo abekwe egumbini elinamazinga okushisa angama- + 22-24 ° C nokukhanya okuhle. Isikhathi sokuhluma siyahlukahluka kusuka ezinsukwini eziyi-10 kuye kwezingu-21. Ungadonsa izithombo ngamaqabunga ama-2-3. Futhi kubalulekile ukondla amahlumela amancane ngomanyolo wezimbiwa kanye nengcosana njengoba ukhula.
Okubalulekile. Uma esikhathini esizayo kuhlelwe ukuhlobisa isikhala somgwaqo nge-begonia, bese kuthi ezinsukwini ezingama-30 ngaphambi kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sibe lukhuni.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
- Ukusikwa kwama-cuttings kwaqala ukubola emanzini. Lesi sitshalo kungenzeka ukuthi sithole ukungenwa yifungal. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ususe isiqu emanzini, unqume ingxenye ebolile, uyibeke esitsheni esinamanzi amasha, lapho kunezelwa khona amaphilisi ama-of ekhabhoni acushiwe.
- Imbewu ye-Elatior begonia ayiqedi isikhathi eside... Mhlawumbe isizathu salokhu inhlabathi eyomile, noma ukushisa kwegumbi eliphansi. Izinyathelo kufanele zithathwe: moisten inhlabathi, futhi wandise izinga lokushisa ekamelweni libe ngu-22-24 ° C.
- Izithombo ziyelula, ziba zinde futhi zibe mncane. Izitshalo ngokusobala zintula ukukhanya kwelanga. Uma kunokwenzeka, kufanelekile ukuhambisa iziqukathi ezinezithombo eduze komthombo wokukhanya.
- Ukukhula kancane. Mhlawumbe isitshalo esincane asinazo izakhi zomzimba ezanele enhlabathini, ngakho-ke kufanele usondle ngamanyolo.
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo
Ubuhle beTropical budinga izimo ezikhethekile, uvame ukucindezelwa, futhi inqubo yokuthuthuka incike ngqo kumapharamitha azungezile. Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle lapho ukhula i-begonias, kufanele unake ama-nuances alandelayo:
Izimo zokushisa kanye nomswakama omkhulu ekamelweni kufanele zibe sezingeni elingu-22-26 ° С, umswakama 70%.
- Uncamela i-begonia Elatior osakazeke ngelanga.
- Umswakama olinganiselayo, ungagcwalisi isitshalo ngamanzi. Ukunisela kuyadingeka futhi lapho inhlabathi engaphezulu isoma kahle. Ungafafazi isitshalo ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, ngaphandle kwalokho kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo zefungal.
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukondla imbali ngomanyolo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus. Esigabeni sokukhula okusebenzayo, faka umanyolo ngamaminerali enitrogen, kepha ngokulinganisela.
- Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele ligcinwe ezingeni elingekho ngaphansi kuka + 18 ° С, ngokunisela okuncane.
- Njengoba isitshalo sikhula, ukucinana kufanele kwenziwe ukuze isihlahla sibe nesimo esihle nosayizi ohlangene. Amahlumela aphezulu asuswa eziqongweni. Ukususa amaqabunga aphansi kusiza ukufaka umoya endaweni yezimpande.
- Njengoba kudingeka, kufanele uthathe izimbali ezomile, uthukulule inhlabathi, ufafaze, ususe uthuli emaqabungeni, bese uhlola isitshalo ukuthi asinazo yini izinambuzane.
Ngemininingwane engaphezulu yokuthi unganakekela kanjani i-Elatior begonias, ukuze ijabule ngezimbali zayo ngisho nasebusika, thola lapha.
Akunzima kangako ukusabalalisa nokukhulisa i-Elatior begonia ekhaya. Into esemqoka ukunamathela emithethweni eyisisekelo ekuqaleni, futhi ngokuhlangenwe nakho konke "kuzohamba njengewashi lewashi." Futhi izimbali ezinhle kakhulu, ezithandekayo zizoqhakaza ekhaya lakho.