Uyini umzuzi futhi ngubani umnikazi onenzuzo (umzuzi): incazelo eningiliziwe kanye nencazelo yegama, amalungelo nezibopho + amasampula amadokhumenti okulanda

Sawubona, bafundi abathandekayo bemagazini ye-Ideas for Life! Kulesi sihloko, sifuna ukukutshela ukuthi ngubani owamanqamu umzuzi (umzuzi), obani abanikazi abanenzuzo, ukuthi abahlomuli bahluke kanjani kubahlomuli, njalonjalo.

Ngendlela, ubonile ukuthi idola selivele lingakanani? Qala ukwenza imali ngomehluko wamanani wokushintshana lapha!

Kakade, ukuthuthukiswa kobudlelwano bezomnotho kusho ukuvela kwezifundo ezintsha zalesi sigaba somsebenzi womnotho womphakathi, aqokelwe ukusebenzisa amagama akhethekile.

Ekubunjweni komnotho wezimakethe, lezo zinhlangano seziyizigaba zabantu abazuza ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zomsebenzi wezamabhizinisi noma bathola imali engenayo ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okutshala imali. Leli gama lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza abantu abanjalo.

Ngokwaziswa ozokufunda:

• Umhlomuli - ungubani;
• Umehluko phakathi kwabazuzi nabazuzi;
• Ngubani umnikazi (umnikazi) onenzuzo nokuthi uluthumela kanjani ulwazi mayelana nomnikazi onenzuzo - kubani nokuthi kungani badingeka;
• Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukwephulwa kwamalungelo abahlomuli - amalungelo nezibopho
• njll.

Ngakho-ke, ake sicabangele iphuzu ngalinye ngokuningiliziwe.

Kusuka endatshaneni uzofunda konke ngomqondo wokuthi "ozuzayo" (umzuzi): ngubani nokuthi uyini, kubani nokuthi yiluphi ulwazi ngabanikazi abanenzuzo okufanele luhanjiswe, nokunye okuningi

1. Ngubani ozuzayo - incazelo ephelele yethemu 📝

Leli gama livela egameni lesiFulentshi ngenzuzo, inzuzo.

Ngakho-ke, incazelo elula yegama elithi “umzuzi"(futhi umzuziNgabe umuntu owenza inzuzo.

Ngomqondo olula kancane, umzuzi (umzuzi)- Lo ngumuntu ongumnikazi wezimpahla, izinto zezomnotho namanye amanani wenhlangano.

Kumsebenzi wezomnotho, akuyona yonke into enqunywa inani lemali engenayo etholwe esikhathini esinikeziwe. Amathemba nezinkomba zomsebenzi wokwenza inzuzo nakho kubalulekile, futhi lapha umthombo wokuphatha ukugeleza kwezezimali usuvele ubalulekile, ngoba ukusebenza kwanoma yiliphi ibhizinisi lokuhweba, inani lemali engenayo etholakele, kuncike ekusatshalalisweni nasekusebenziseni kwabo.

Ngakho-ke, ngomqondo obanzi, abahlomuli (abahlomuli) bayabhekwa hhayi abantu ngabanye nezinhlangano ezisemthethweni kuphelaukuba nemali engenayo etholakala ngokuthengiselana okuthile kwezezimali, kodwa futhi abantu abanekhono lokulawula imisebenzi yenhlangano nokukhishwa kwempahla yakhe.

Okusho ukuthi, abahlomuli ngabantu abanenkampani ethile.

2. Obani abangabanikazi abanenzuzo - incazelo 📝

Incazelo yezomthetho yomnikazi onenzuzo iqukethwe ku- Umthetho Wombuso weRussian Federation No. 115 we-07.08.2001.

Ngokwale ncazelo:

Umnikazi ozuzayo — lokhuumuntu, ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile, onesibalo esivelele ebhizinisini elisemthethweni (ngaphezu kwama-25%) kanye nokukwazi ukulawula izenzo zebhizinisi elisemthethweni.

Isenzo esifanayo esijwayelekile siqukethe incazelo yomzuzi njengomuntu ukuze kusizakale ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo ezithathwa maqondana nezimali nempahla, kufaka phakathi ngesisekelo sezivumelwano ezifanele (i-ejensi, isiqiniseko, ukuphathwa kwe-trust, ikhomishini).

Ngubani obizwa ngomnikazi onenzuzo futhi ongaba omunye

Ngokuya ngobungako bobudlelwano bezomnotho nezimo ezivela enkambisweni yokulahlwa kwempahla, incazelo yegama elithi "umzuzi" ingakwazi kwehluka kancane.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lomsebenzi nesimo sengqondo ngempahla, abazuzi bangaba:

• izindlalifa ezichazwe encwadini yefa njengabantu abathatha impahla ethile bayiphathe njengabanikazi noma abaphathi, kanye nabantu abangabazuzi uma kwenzeka kufa lowo othola noma yiziphi izinkokhelo;
• abanikazi bezindlu abaqashisa impahla yabo ngemali ekhokhwayo ejwayelekile;
• abaphethe ama-akhawunti asebhange;
• amaklayenti ezinhlangano ezethembayo ezinikeze impahla noma ezezimali zazo ethembeni ukwenza imali;
• abanikazi bamakhredithi wedokhumentari;
• abantu abathola imali ngaphansi kwezinkontileka zomshuwalense;
• abanikazi bangempela bezinkampani.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabo noma ukukhipha izimangalo ezinhlanganweni ezahlukahlukene zikahulumeni, ezweni lesimanje lezezimali bavame ukuphendukela ekufihleni imininingwane ngomnikazi wempahla ethile.

Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekuphathweni kwempahla nokuphathwa kwebhizinisi kwezinhlangano ezisemthethweni.

3. Umnikazi ozuzayo webhizinisi elisemthethweni - amalungelo nezici 📋

Umnikazi ozuzayo webhizinisi elisemthethweni Ingabe oyedwa noma abaningi babanikazi bangempela benhlangano abanayo ilungelo noma ithuba umthelela oqondile noma ongaqondile emisebenzini yenkampani.

Ngasikhathi sinye, imininingwane yomuntu walabo bantu kungenzeka kungakhonjiswa ekubhaliseni futhi amadokhumende omthethosisekelo wenhlangano noma ukuzibandakanya kwabo ngokusemthethweni kule femu kungahle kungathathwa kahle ngokweqile.

Ubunikazi babanikazi abanjalo kuvame ukwaziwa kuphela umabhalane wasebhange futhi abenzeli bezentengiselwano.

Umhlomuli webhizinisi elisemthethweni angabamba iqhaza emhlanganweni wabaninimasheya nabanye abanikazi benkampani, ekuhlelweni kabusha kwebhizinisi elisemthethweni, izwi lakhe libaluleke kakhulu ekuxazululeni izingqinamba eziphathelene nokwabiwa kwenzuzo, ukubamba iqhaza kwenhlangano kumaphrojekthi wokutshala imali.

Ukungadalulwa kwemininingwane mayelana nabanikazi bangempela isetshenziswa kaningi:

• lapho uqhuba ibhizinisi usebenzisa izindawo ezingasolwandle;
• lapho kuthuthukiswa intela yezinhlangano;
• lapho ukwenza izimali ngokusemthethweni kwenziwe ngokungahambisani nezimfuneko zomthetho.

Ukuqinisekisa ukubamba iqhaza komnikazi wangempela emisebenzini yenhlangano ngenkathi engadaluli imininingwane ngobunikazi bakhe, okuhlukahlukene izikimu zokubhaliswa kwempahla kanye nemibhalo yetayitela.

Izikimu eziyisisekelo zokubhalisa ubunikazi babazuzi (abahlomuli). Lapho kwakhiwa izikimu eziyinkimbinkimbi zokubhalisa impahla nezindawo zokuhlala, kubalulekile ukuqonda kahle nangokucacile futhi nokusebenzisa imithetho yentela yeziphathimandla ezisetshenziswa kuphela ngokwakhiwa okufanele nenhlaka yenhlangano, empeleni kuzophenduka kungaziwa, kungakhokhiswa ntela noma kube intela ephansi, ivikeleke ezenzweni ezingafanele zabantu besithathu (besithathu)

Isibonelo, umzuzi uthola ukufinyelela kuma-akhawunti enkampani ngokuya ngamandla abameli akhishwe egameni lakhe ngumqondisi ophakanyisiwe. Kusetshenziswa ubunikazi bempahla ngobunikazi bamasheya athwele noma ngokubandakanya abantuesebenza njengabaninimasheya abaphakanyisiwe.

Noma umzuzi engena esivumelwaneni nesikhwama sokuthenjwa sokuphathwa kwamasheya enkampani, ukufinyelela kuma-akhawunti enhlangano nokukwazi ukuwaphatha, umzuzi uthola ngomphathiswa.

4. Ngubani umhlomuli wokugcina - incazelo 📖

Incazelo yethemu - umzuzi wokugcina

Uchungechunge lwabazuzi luhlala luphela ngomuntu othile othola inzuzo ethile. Ngumuntu onjalo ozuza kakhulu ekugcineni.

Ngale ndlela, umzuzi wokugcina — lo ngumuntu ngamunye kunenzuzo emisebenzini yenkampani noma ekuphathweni kwempahla.

5. Umehluko phakathi komnikazi wenzuzo nomzuzi umehluko omkhulu 📊

Kwimithombo eminingi, imiqondo umzuzi futhi umzuzi ziyefana, ngasikhathi sinye, emthethweni waseRussia, la magama amabili anokuhluka okuthile.

Umqondo womzuzi uncane. Ukuze ubhekwe kanjalo, umzuzi kufanele ube nayo ngaphezu kuka-25% babelane enhlokodolobha yenhlangano futhi bakwazi ukufinyelela ekuphathweni nasekulawulweni kwenkampani.

Ngalokhu, iziphathimandla ezilawulayo ekulweni nezenzo ezingekho emthethweni zinentshisekelo kubanikazi bezinkampani ezihlomulayo, njengabantu abanquma inqubomgomo yenhlangano futhi bathathe isinqumo ngokukhwabanisa okungekho emthethweni.

6. Ngubani odinga ulwazi ngabanikazi abanenzuzo nokuthi kungani 📌

Imininingwane yobunikazi ezuzisayo ibalulekile yezinhlaka zikahulumeni ukuze uphikise:

• ukwenziwa kube semthethweni kwemali etholakale ebulelesi;
• ukuxhasa amaphekula nezinye izinhlangano zezigebengu;
• ukukhishwa kwemali ngokungemthetho phesheya.

Okwezinhlanganoohilelekile ekubolekiseni amabhizinisi, imininingwane ngabazuzayo ekugcineni ibalulekile lapho uthatha isinqumo ngokuhlinzekwa kwemali mboleko. Ngokuya ngobunikazi bomzuzi, kuyahlolwa isithunzi senkampani kanye nobungozi bokubolekwa kwayo.

Ukunikezwa kwemininingwane ngabazuzi bokugcina ngesicelo sezinhlaka zebhange kuphoqelekile ezinhlanganweni ezifuna ukuthola imali mboleko noma ukuvula i-akhawunti yasebhange.

Ukuhambisa imininingwane mayelana nomnikazi onenzuzo, siphakamisa ukulanda amadokhumenti esampula:

Imininingwane yomnikazi oyinzuzo (doс. 60.5 kb)

Imininingwane ngabanikazi abanenzuzo ngezinhloso zeFederal Law 115 - Ifomu le-Sberbank (idok. 139 kb)

Ukugcwaliswa kwesampula okuyisampula (isigaba 1)

Imininingwane mayelana nomnikazi onenzuzo - isampula lokugcwalisa ifomu le-Sberbank, isigaba 1

Ngasikhathi sinye, izikhungo zezikweletu eRussia kumele inikeze imininingwane ngabazuzi ku-Rosfinmonitoring.

Ukwehluleka ukuthobela le mfuneko kungaholela ekufakweni kwezijeziso ezinkulu ezinhlanganweni ezithintekayo ekusebenzisaneni kwezezimali:

• ababambiqhaza emakethe yezokuphepha;
• Izinkampani zomshuwalense;
• izitolo zokudayisa;
• izinkampani eziqashisayo (Kuyini ukuqashisa nokuthi kwenzeleni lokho esesikubhalile esihlokweni esedlule);
• izinhlangano zezikweletu.

Ngubani odinga imininingwane ngabanikazi benkampani nokuthi kungani, kufaka phakathi abazuzi

Imininingwane ngabanikazi bangempela ingacelwa enkampanini nangokuthi izinhlaka zombuso nezomasipalakanye nokuhlobene izinhlangano zezentengiselwano.

Ngaphezu kokuphikisana nemisebenzi engekho emthethweni nokukhwabanisa kwezezimali, leyo mininingwane ingacelwa lapho kuphothulwa izinkontileka ezahlukahlukene zokuthengwa komphakathi.

Lapho unikeza imininingwane ngabanikazi, kwenziwa idokhumenti equkethe imininingwane ngabanikazi benkampani, kuze kufike kubantu abangabasunguli bezinhlangano eziyingxenye yenkampani.

Isitifiketi esinjalo sibizwa ngokuthi “Imininingwane yochungechunge lobunikazi, kufaka phakathi abazuzi", Iqukethe imininingwane mayelana negama lenkampani, abaphathi bayo, idatha yabasunguli (imininingwane yenkampani, imininingwane yepasipoti, amakheli okuhlala abantu).

Isibonelo sokugcwalisa idokhumende:

Isibonelo sokugcwalisa idokhumenti "Ulwazi mayelana nochungechunge lwabanikazi". Ungalanda idokhumenti engezansi kwesixhumanisi.

Landa isibonelo sokugcwalisa nesampula:

Imininingwane mayelana nochungechunge lwabanikazi, kufaka phakathi abazuzi + nemiyalo yokugcwalisa (idokodo - 41.6 kb)

Ithebula (isibonelo), kuphi nokuthi iyiphi idatha okudingeka uyicacise:

№	INN	I-OGRN	Igama elifushane	KULUNGILE	Igama eligcwele	Uchungechunge nenombolo yedokhumenti yomphathi
1.	7733267890	1043367890123	I-LLC "Tulip"	43.xx.xx	U-Ivanov Andrey Viktorovich	5133 148317
2.	...	...	...	...	...	...

7. Amalungelo avamile nezibopho zomzuzi (umzuzi) 📑

Umhlomuli unamalungelo amaningi avikelwe ngumthetho. Ngokwemvelo, ukuvikelwa komthetho kuqinisekisiwe ukubhaliswa kwamadokhumenti kuphela ubudlelwano phakathi komzuzi namanxusa akhe - inkampani ekhethiwe nabanikazi bama-akhawuntie.

Umzuzi unelungelo:

• balahle isabelo sabo ebhizinisini. Umzuzi angakwazi, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthengisa ingxenye noma sonke isabelo sakhe;
• ukuqapha ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ngabaphathi benkampani, ukuqoka nokuxosha ngokusemthethweni umqondisi jikelele;
• ukubamba iqhaza emihlanganweni ehlanganyelwe yesitoko kanye nemihlangano, ngokuya ngesabelo esiphethwe, iqhaza ekuthathweni kwezinqumo;
• thola imali evela kwimisebenzi yenkampani ngokuya ngenani lezabelo.

Imisebenzi namalungelo omzuzi ayahluka kuye ngendawo yobudlelwano bezomnotho lapho umuntu esebenza njengomzuzi.

Isibonelo, uma inkampani ibamba iqhaza njengomzuzi ekunikezelweni kweziqinisekiso zebhange, iphoqelekile ukugcwalisa ngesikhathi imigomo efanele yesivumelwano.

Kulokhu, inkampani ehlomulayo inelungelo lokufeza izibopho zokukhokha isikweletu esithathwe yinhlangano eqinisekisayo.

8. Ukubamba iqhaza kwalowo ozuzayo (umhlomuli) kumshwalense nakumafa

Umhlomuli (umzuzi) emshuwalense - laba ngabantu abathola izinkokhelo zomshuwalense lapho kwenzeka umcimbi onomshwalense (onezivumelwano zomshuwalense ezaziphothulwe ngaphambili).

Kulokhu, umzuzi akudingekile ungumuntu noma umnikazi wendawo, onikwe umshwalense ngokuya ngalezi zinkontileka.

Isibonelo, lapho kutholwa isikweletu semali mboleko yempahla, impahla iyaqinisekiswa ukuthi iba impahla yalowo obolekayo, kanye nomzuzi uma kwenzeka kulinyazwa noma kucekelwa phansi impahla okuyisibambiso, kuzoba khona okweletwayo... Okungenani kuze kube yilapho obolekayo egcwalisa imibandela yesivumelwano semalimboleko.

Umhlomuli wezinzuzo zomshwalense anganqunywa ngumuntu onomshwalense uqobo. Isibonelo, kumshuwalense wokuphila, lowo ozuza lowo mshuwalense angaba ngumlingani womuntu onomshwalense.

Ezindabeni zofuzo umzuzi angashintsha kuya ngencwadi yefa lomninilo noma ngenxa yokufa kwabantu abakhonjiswe encwadini yefa. Ngakho-ke, impahla ingashiyelwa isihlobo esinikezwe ngumuntu onelungelo lokugcina izingane ezisencane.

Noma umfowabo kamufi ukhonjisiwe encwadini yefa, kepha uma kwenzeka eshona ngaphambi kokuthola ifa, empeleni, impahla izotholwa yizindlalifa zomfowabo (izindlalifa ngelungelo lokumelwa).

Ngakho-ke, lapho kwabiwa ifa, abazuzi bayoba ngabantu abakhonjiswe encwadini yefa kanye nabantu abanelungelo lokuthola ifa ngokomthetho.

9. Ukubamba iqhaza komzuzi esiqinisekisweni sebhange 📃

Ebhange, insizakalo yokunikeza isiqinisekiso sebhange manje isiyinsakavukela.

Lapho kuphethwa ukuthengiselana phakathi kwamaqembu amabili, isikhungo esihlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso esinjalo sikhokhiswa ngokufeza izibopho ezingaphansi kokuthengiselana ngomunye wamaqembu noma ukwenza inkontileka yonke.

Isivumelwano ngaleyo ndlela siba isivumelwano sezindlela ezintathu, ngokubamba iqhaza kwalaba:

• i-guarantor (inhlangano enikeza isiqinisekiso);
• umzuzi (iqembu, isibonelo, umklomelo wemali okufanele ukhokhwe kulo ngokufeza imigomo yomsebenzi noma ngokunikela ngezinsizakalo ezithile);
• uthishanhloko (iqembu elifaka isicelo sesiqinisekiso sasebhange).

Ukubamba iqhaza kukathishanhloko kanye nomzuzi esiqinisekisweni sebhange - uhlelo kanye nomgomo wokusebenza

Obani abayinhloko nabazuzayo esiqinisekisweni sasebhange - umehluko nokwehluka

Uthishanhloko noMhlomuli - lezi izinhlangothi eziphambene ngokuphelele zobudlelwano bezomthetho. Kulesi simo, umzuzi uzoba umbolekisi, kepha uthishanhloko nguyena okweletayo, lapho umuntu wesithathu (umqinisekisi) ethatha ngokwehluleka ukufeza izibopho.

Iziqinisekiso zokugcwaliseka kwemigomo yesivumelwano nazo zinganikezwa ukuqinisekisa:

• ukwenza inkokhelo ezimweni ezithile;
• ukubuyiselwa kwemali ekhokhwe kusengaphambili;
• ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ngaphansi kwezinkontileka ezahlukahlukene namathenda, kufaka phakathi ombuso.Isiqinisekiso sasebhange sihlinzekwa ngusonkontileka ukuze aqinisekise ukusombuluka kwakhe kwezezimali;
• ukuhambisa izimpahla ngamasiko;
• ukubuyiselwa kwemali enikezwe ngaphansi kwezivumelwano zesikweletu.

Ngaphandle kwegama, ngokusebenza lezo ziqinisekiso zinganikezwa futhi. izinkampani zomshuwalense futhi izinhlangano zezentengiselwano ngesicelo sikathishanhloko. Lesi simo singesenani lezingxabano zomthetho eRussian Federation.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhishwa kweziqinisekiso kuhlobene ngokusemthethweni nemisebenzi yasebhange, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhawulela umbuthano wabantu abasebenza njengabaqinisekisi bokugcwaliseka kwezibopho zenkontileka kuphikisana nokwenza kwamazwe omhlaba futhi kunciphisa ngokungafanelekile ubukhulu bale nsimbi yezezimali.

Ngokusebenza kwezinsizakalo ezihlukaniswe ngumthetho waseRussia njengemisebenzi yasebhange, inkampani yomshuwalense ingahlawuliswa noma ilayisense yayo ingahoxiswa, ngokunikezwa amandla abonakala engokwemvelo ezinkampani zomshuwalense zokuqinisekisa ukuthengiselana ngokuhlinzeka ngeziqinisekiso.

Abazuzi bokuba khona kokushayisana okunjalo kungaba yizikhungo zamabhange ezifuna ngenhloso yokuzifunela izinzuzo zazo futhi njengamanje ezine-de facto monopoly eRussia onelungelo lokuvela kuzinkontileka njengesiqinisekiso. Izindleko zesiqinisekiso sasebhange ziyahlukahluka kusuka ku-2 kuye ku-10% kusukela enanini lenkokhelo yesiqinisekiso.

Umzuzi ngqo weziqinisekiso zebhange yingxenye lapho umqinisekisi ekhokhelwa khona isinxephezelo uma ukwehluleka kukathishanhloko ukufeza izibopho zakhe ngaphansi komsebenzi ophelilee.

10. Ukulawula abantu nezinkampani ezingaphesheya kwezilwandle 🗺

I-offshore yizwe noma insimu yombuso enezimo ezilula zokwenza ibhizinisi. Ngokuningiliziwe ngama-offshores - ayini, lapho kungcono ukuwasebenzisa, sabhala kumagazini wokugcina.

Ezingxenyeni ezinjalo zomnotho, kunamathuba amahle okufihla imininingwane kubanikazi bangempela bebhizinisi ngenxa yombuso okhethekile wokubhaliswa nokubikwa kwezinhlangano ezingahlali.

Umthetho wamazwe amaningi njalo wethula imikhawulo ehlukahlukene kubahlali yokwenza ukuthengiselana nezinhlangano ezibhaliswe ezindaweni ezingasolwandle. kodwa ukuvinjelwa okuphelele akusetshenziswanga ndawo.

Umqondo wokuthi "umuntu olawulayo" usetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuvela kwegama elithi "umzuzi" emthethweni wasekhaya. Ukuze umnikazi wesabelo ebhizinisini angene ngaphansi kwale ncazelo, kwakudingeka ukuba ngumnikazi Qondile noma ngokungaqondile ngaphezu kwama-50% amasheya noma amavoti enkampani endikimbeni ebusayo. Ubungako bokubamba iqhaza enhlanganweni obunqume ukutholakala kwamathuba okuphatha ibhizinisi.

Le ndlela yaxaka umsebenzi wezinhlaka zokuphoqelela umthetho, ngoba ukugwema umthwalo kwakwanele ukuhlukanisa impahla enkampanini phakathi kwabanikazi abathathu (i.e. 49 % amasheya enhlangano asuke ekuzibophezeleni).

Ukwamukelwa ngabenzi bomthetho basekhaya kwaleli gama "umzuzi", Kuvunyelwe ukunciphisa ngandlela thile ukungafani phakathi kwetemu namaqiniso omsebenzi wezomnotho, kugxilwe ikakhulu ethubeni lokulawula inhlangano.

Njengamanje ngaphansi abantu abalawulayo ngabanikazi hhayi ngaphansi kuka-10% amasheya ebhizinisiezibanika ilungelo lokuvota, kanye nalabo abanezikhundla enhlanganweni ezibavumela ukuthi babe nomthelela ezinhlelweni zokwenza izinqumo enkampanini.

Ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo omhlomuli esenzweni sabantu besithathu - izincomo eziyisisekelo

11. Ukwephulwa kwamalungelo omhlomuli - izincomo zokuvikelwa kwamalungelo 📄

Amalungelo omhlomuli angaphulwa ngabo bobabili abanye abaninimabhizinisi kanye nokuphathwa kwebhizinisi lakhe.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokwephula amalungelo omnikazi wangempela yilezi:

1. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela isivumelwano esenziwe phakathi kwabanikazi noma nabaphathi abaqashiwe benkampani;
2. Ukwenza imisebenzi engekho emthethweni yinhlangano, kufaka phakathi ngaphandle kwelayisense efanele;
3. Ukunciphisa ikhono lomzuzi lokulawula imisebenzi yenhlangano;
4. Ukufihlwa ngabaphathi benkampani yemininingwane mayelana nesimo sangempela senhlangano;
5. Isithiyo ekutholeni imali engenayo evela enkampanini noma ekuphathweni kwempahla.

Ukuze uvikele imiphumela emibi yokwephula amalungelo omhlomuli, kuyanconywa ukuphethwa kwezivumelwano ezibhaliwe, kufaka phakathi izivumelwano zokuthembana.

Izivumelwano ezinjalo zingaqinisekisa ukungadalulwa kolwazi mayelana nomhlomuli nomnikazi wangempela wendawo noma wenkampani, futhi kunikeze nethuba lokuthola kabusha umonakalo ezenzweni ezingekho emthethweni noma ezingenzi kahle.

12. Ngabe zikhona izinhlangano ezingenabo abahlomulayo 🔔

Izinhlangano ezingenabo abazuzi zingaba izinhlangano ezahlukahlukene ezingenzi nzuzo, ngoba inhloso yazo ukwenza inzuzo.

Ngokuqondene nezinhlangano zezohwebo, khona-ke, uma kukhona inzuzo, khona-ke kukhona nabantu abathola imali engenayo. Noma kunjalo, kaningi akunakwenzeka ukusungula ozuzayo ekugcineni.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kwamandla amakhulu namakhono wezikhungo zamabhange nezinhlaka zikahulumeni ukusungula abazuzayo uqobo, amaqhinga akhona okufihla abanikazi beqiniso bebhizinisi ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine ubunikazi bemfihlo yomhlomuli wokugcina, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokuphathwa ngokuthembekile kwebhizinisi noma kwempahla.

Kumongo wobusha obuhlobene bomqondo womhlomuli emnothweni wasekhaya, umkhuba wokusebenzisa leli gama, incazelo yamalungelo, izibopho kanye nezibopho zabahlomuli ekwenzeni imisebenzi yezinhlangano ezilawulwayo ezentengiselwano nokuphathwa kwempahla ehlukahlukene, ayikakhuli ngokuphelele.

Lokhu kubuye kuthikameze ukubandakanyeka kosopolitiki kanye nabasebenzi bakahulumeni ekuphathweni komthunzi wezinhlaka ezehlukene zezimali nempahla.

Ngasikhathi sinye, kuqinisekiswa ngokusobala ukubekwa obala kolwazi kubanikazi bangempela bempahla, amasheya kanye nokwabelana emabhizinisini, ikakhulukazi labo abanamandla okuphatha izinhlangano, kuzovumela ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwentela futhi ukuvikela ababambiqhaza beqiniso emakethe ekubandakanyeni ekukhohlisweni kwezezimali okuhlukahlukene okunesithunzi nokungekho emthethweni.

Ekuphetheni, siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo emayelana nokuthi ngubani ozuzayo nokuthi ngabe ukhona yini umehluko emiqondweni "yomnikazi onenzuzo" kanye "nomhlomuli":

Bafundi abathandekayo bephephabhuku i- "RichPro.ru", uma unemibuzo noma ufuna ukuhlanganyela okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho ngesihloko, ngicela ubabhale kumazwana angezansi.

Bukela ividiyo: Steph Curry Deepest Threes Compilation (Julayi 2024).