Konke mayelana nokuthi ungakhulisa kanjani i-orchid ekhaya kusuka kwimbewu ethengwe e-China

I-Orchid iyimbali enhle enabaningi abayithandayo, ikhuliswa ngabalimi abanolwazi kanye nabalimi bezimbali be-amateur.

Kodwa-ke, ayibizi kakhulu futhi imvamisa abalandeli bayo banesifiso sokutshala isitshalo bebodwa ngoku-oda imbewu eChina.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuningi labo ephaketheni, kepha akubizi. Kungenzeka yini lokhu nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani, kuzositshela isihloko sethu.

Izinhlobo zezitshalo

Ezingxenyeni zamaShayina, kaningi unga-oda imbewu ye-orchid yohlobo oludume kakhulu lwe-Phalaenopsis, nezinhlobo zeCymbidium, Dendrobium, Wanda, Cattleya zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zinhlobo ziyingxube, ezakhiwe ngabalimi ngokukhethekile ukuze zikhule ekhaya ngezindleko zomsebenzi ezincane futhi zijabulise abanikazi ngobuhle.

Kungalinywa kanjena?

Uma unenhlanhla yokuthola imbewu yangempela ye-orchid kusuka kusayithi lamaShayina, ngokombono ungakhula i-orchid kuyo. Kepha, ngeshwa, le inqubo ende kakhulu futhi ekhandlayo. Kuzofanele uthenge imishini edingekayo nezinto zokwakha, ugcine inzalo kanye nezinga lokushisa olifunayo. Abanye abalimi bakubiza ngamahlaya ngokuthi konke lokhu kuyi-laboratory yangempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela kuzofanela ulinde isikhathi eside.

ISIQEPHU: imbewu etshaliwe izokwazi ukuguqula ibe yimbali ephelele egcwele yama-orchid eminyakeni engu-4-6.

Izici:

Lapho u-oda imbewu evela e-China, ungahlangana nabathengisi abangathembekile abadlulisa imbewu yezinye izitshalo ngisho nembewu yotshani otshanini noma ukhula lwembewu ye-orchid. Abaningi kuleli cala bazisola ngesikhathi nangezisebenzi abazichitha bezama ukukhula, futhi bayaphoxeka kulo mbono.

Kepha, ngenhlanhla, akubizi futhi uma kunesifiso esinamandla sokuzama ukuzikhulisa, unga-oda futhi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma ukwazi ukutshala imbali uwedwa, uzothola injabulo engenakuqhathaniswa ngokubuka ukukhula kwayo, bese kuba i-orchid endala enhle kunazo zonke.

Babukeka kanjani?

Imbewu ye-orchid incane kakhulu futhi ingaphutha kalula njengothuli. Ubungako bawo buncane okuphindwe kayizinkulungwane eziyi-15 kunosayizi wenhlamvu kakolweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zona, ngokungafani nezinye izimbewu zezitshalo eziningi, ezinomsoco noma i-endosperm, zinenani elingasho lutho embungwini.

Zikhona kanjani lezo zinhlamvu ezisengozini emvelweni futhi zivumela ama-orchid ukuba azalane? Iphuzu yinombolo yabo. Imbali eyodwa ye-orchid iyakwazi ukukhiqiza imbewu esukela ezigidini ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 futhi ngenxa yesisindo sayo esincane nosayizi, ithwalwa kalula ngumoya, izinze emagxolweni ezihlahla. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke ezizodalelwa ukuthi ziphenduke izimbali ezindala; bambalwa kuphela kulabo ababekiwe esihlahleni abazokwenza lokhu. Lokhu kungukukhetha kwemvelo okunokhahlo.

Ukuthenga kuphi, kubiza malini?

Unga-oda imbewu ye-orchid kumasayithi athandwayo ase-China wokuthenga online ezigabeni "Ikhaya Nensimu", "Zensimu kanye nengadi yemifino", "Imbewu" nokunye okunjalo. Izindleko zephakethe lembewu cishe zingama-ruble angama-35 aseRussia.

Ungahlola kanjani ukuthengwa kweqiniso?

Ngemuva kokuthola imbewu, vula iphakethe bese utadisha izinto ozitholile ngaphambi kokutshala ishifti ngendlela efanele ekhaya. Khumbula, imbewu yangempela kufanele:

• ube mncane kakhulu, ufane nothuli (ubukhulu bawo busukela ku-0.35 kuye ku-3.30 mm ubude no-0.08 kuye ku-0.30 mm ububanzi);
• ukhilimu, beige noma nsundu ngokukhanyayo;
• ube nomumo omncane onwetshiwe.

OKUBALULEKILE! Uma, ngemuva kokukhipha imbewu etholwe eChina, uthola okusanhlamvu okufana ne-buckwheat noma okunye ukwakheka, usayizi, umbala, ngaphandle kwalokhu okuchazwe ngenhla, maye, uthengiswe ngomgunyathi kanti i-orchid nakanjani ngeke ikhule kuzo.

Futhi, uma ubheka ngesibonakhulu noma ngengilazi enamandla kakhulu, ungabona ukuthi lezi ziyimbewu efana nezinhlamvu zikakolweni ezime ngobukhulu nangosayizi, kepha zincane kaningi.

Imvamisa, abathengi abadutshulwe emcabangweni wokutshala imbali kusuka enzalweni bazothenga ngemuva kokufunda izibuyekezo ezivela kwabanye abathengi futhi babone isilinganiso esiphezulu sabathengisi. Kodwa-ke, kaningi, le njabulo ihlotshaniswa nesivinini sokulethwa noma ikhwalithi yokupakisha kwento. Kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuthi abathengi banamathisele isithombe salokho okukhule kusuka ezimbewini, futhi ikakhulukazi, imbali eqediwe, ngoba, njengoba wazi, kuthatha iminyaka ukukhula.

Abanye abathandi bezimbali bayalijabulela ithemba lokuthi imbewu evelayo iyibhokisi lembewu, bayivule, futhi, kaningi kunalokho, abayitholi imbewu encane kuyo. Khumbula lokho i-orchid seed pod incane futhi icishe ibe ngu-3 cm ubude, iluhlaza okotshani... Ngokwemvelo, iziveza ngalo mzuzu lapho imbewu isivuthiwe futhi isilungele ukutshalwa. Ngakho-ke, akunamathuba okuthi uthole i-pod evaliwe.

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokuthi ungatshala kanjani

Njengoba imbewu ye-orchid ingenasisekelo, lapho uyihlwanyela yodwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela kahle imishini, indawo enomsoco, ukuhlwanyela nokunakekela izithombo. Noma ngabe kunezimo ezikahle, yiphesenti elincane kuphela lembewu elingaphenduka libe yimbali yangempela. Ngakho-ke, ukunganaki ngisho nelilodwa lamaphuzu, usengozini yokungasikhulisi isitshalo esisodwa.

Izinsiza kusebenza kanye nokuvala inzalo

Ukutshala, kuyadingeka ukulungisa amashubhu engilazi elebhu engu-15 cm ubude no-1.5 cm ububanzi, i-rack, izivimbelo zikakotini-gauze zamashubhu wokuhlola. Uma ungenawo amashubhu wokuhlola, noma kunzima noma ubiza kakhulu ukuthola, ungasebenzisa izingilazi zokudla kwengilazi ezinezikulufo. Khumbula ukuthi yonke inqubo yokutshala imbewu kufanele yenzeke cishe endaweni ye-laboratory, ngakho-ke, amashubhu okuhlola noma izimbiza ezinamabhodlela kufanele zifakwe inzalo ku-autoclave, i-pressure cooker noma i-sterilizer yezokwelapha ngama-degree ayi-120 imizuzu engama-30.

Ukulungiselela okuphakathi nendawo

Ngokutshala, ungasebenzisa okuphakathi okuthengiwe kwezakhi noma okwenziwe nguwe. Ake sigxile kunketho yesibili ngokuningiliziwe. Ungalungisa indawo enomsoco ngokulandelayo:

1. Sipheka amalitha ayi-0.5 wamanzi afakiwe.
2. Faka u-10 g we-fructose.
3. 10 g ushukela.
4. 8 g agar agar. Pheka ngokushisa okuphansi, uvuselele njalo, kuze kube yilapho i-agar-agar ichithwa ngokuphelele.
5. Sishisa amanye amalitha ayi-0.5 amanzi kwesinye isidlo.
6. Ngokushesha nje lapho ibila, susa, engeza amaconsi ama-5 we-phytostimulant eyakha izimpande, i-1.5 g yomanyolo we-nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium oyinkimbinkimbi, 1 g wekhabhoni ocushiwe.
7. Hlanganisa kahle, hlanganisa zombili izixazululo.
8. Siletha i-asidi kunani olifunayo.
9. Ukwehlisa i-pH, ungasebenzisa isisombululo se-potash, ukwandisa - i-phosphoric acid. Imbewu ye-Orchid idinga i-asidi ebangeni le-4.8-5.2 pH.
10. Sithela ama-30 mg wezinto ezishisayo zomsoco emabhodleleni enzalo.
11. Sivala ama-flasks ngezitobha bese sishisa umkhuba wamasiko isigamu sehora.
12. Sigcina amabhodlela ngesilinganiso izinsuku ezingama-4-5. Uma isikhunta sivele kubo ngalesi sikhathi, azifanele ukutshala imbewu.

Buka ividiyo yokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani indlela yokukhulisa imbewu.

Ukuhlwanyela

QAPHELA! Imbewu nayo idinga ukuvalwa inzalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela isixazululo se-10 se-bleach, shake, filter, bamba imbewu lapho imizuzu eyi-10 bese utshala ngokushesha.

Ukuhlwanyela, kusetshenziswa idivaysi eyengeza inzalo imbewu.
Ukuhlwanyela kwenzeka kanjena:

1. Beka i-grate esitsheni ngamanzi, kuso - i-substrate kuflask.
2. Ngemuva kokuvala inzalo, khipha imbewu ngaphandle kwesisombululo ngepayipi bese uyibeka ebusweni be-substrate.
3. Okulandelayo, vala amabhodlela noma izimbiza ngama-swabs kakotini noma izivalo, gqoka ukuhluma.
4. Ukushisa kufanele kuhlolwe ngaso sonke isikhathi: kufanele kube ngu-18-23 degrees Celsius, ubude bamahora emini - ngokwesilinganiso samahora ayi-12-14.

Isithombe

Okulandelayo, ungabona isithombe sendlela imbewu ebukeka ngayo nokuthi ikhule kusuka kubo:






Ukunakekela

Ngemuva kwamasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa, ushintsho luqala ukwenzeka ngezitshalo. Kuvela amabhola aluhlaza kubo, bese kuba amaqabunga okuqala. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amabili noma amathathu, izimpande ziqala ukuvela. Ngemuva konyaka kuphela, izithombo zingafakwa ebhodweni. I-substrate yama-moss, izimpande ze-fern kanye ne-pine bark kufanelekile ukugcwalisa ibhodwe.

Umhlabathi kufanele ube mncane ngangokunokwenzeka. Amahlumela asuswa ebhodweni nge-forceps ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka, agezwe ngamanzi bese efakwa endaweni engaphansi komhlaba, ethelwa ngaphambili ngamanzi abilayo imizuzu engama-30. Izitshalo zidinga ukukhanyisa nomswakama ophezulu ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Izinkinga nobunzima

Izinkinga zokukhula kwama-orchid kusuka embewini zingalinda noma ngasiphi isigaba. Noma kunjalo, okuvame kakhulu isizathu sezinga eliphansi lokuhluma imbewu esezingeni eliphansi, amaphutha amancane ekuzaleni, ukunganakwa kwezimo zokushisa nezomswakama. Ngenxa yalokho, ukufa kwezinhlamvu noma izithombo kanye nokungabikho komphumela ngesimo sembali enhle. Ukuqala le nqubo, kufanelekile ukuhlaziya izimo zakho, ukutholakala kwesikhathi nemali, kanye nokubekezela okuningi ukuze ungadunyazwa ubunzima.

Isiphetho

Ubunzima obuningi bulindele labo abathatha isinqumo sokuzimela ngokuzimela ama-orchid kusuka embewini yase-China. Kusukela kunani elikhulu lama-feksi athengiswa ngabadayisi abasafufusa abavela eMbusweni oPhakathi, kugcina ngesikhathi esinzima kakhulu sokufika nokukhula kwabo. Kepha noma kunjalo, uma unesifiso esikhulu, kufanele uzame!

Bukela ividiyo: Bletilla striata, Orchid fertilizer, and Botany Boy Answers Qu0026A (Juni 2024).