I-petunia surfinia enhle

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ISurfinia isiko eliyingqayizivele lokuhlobisa elingenye yezinhlamvu ze-petunia. Kungeqembu le-ampelous, yize kukhona futhi okuncane, okuhlanganisiwe.

Izici nobuhle be-surfing ekukhuleni kwayo okunamandla kweziqu ezilenga nokuqhakaza okukhulu cishe yonke inkathi. Uma le mbali ihleli kuvulandi noma ithala lakho - umona wabanye uqinisekisiwe! Futhi yeka iphunga analo! Umbala ogqamile futhi ocebile, unamandla kakhulu iphunga.

Siyini lesi sitshalo?

Lesi sitshalo satholakala ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. UPetunia wazalwa eJapan ngokudlulisa amaseli nezakhi zeseli kusuka kwesinye isitshalo kuya kwesinye.

Ubude beziqu bungaba ngamamitha amabili.Ububanzi bezimbali bungu-2-6 cm. Umbala wabo ungahluka kakhulu:

okumhlophe;
umbala obomvana;
okubomvu;
okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
nsomi.

Amahlumela amade alengiswe ambozwe izimbali ezinkulu enza umuzwa wempophoma yembali.

Encwadini. I-hybrid ye-petunia ihlukaniswa nokumelana kwayo nezifo nezinambuzane eziningi. Umehluko phakathi kwe-surfinia ne-petunia yakudala unezimbali eziningi.

Ukunakekela imbali kulula kakhulu. Lapho udala izimo ezigcwele zokukhula kwama-petunias, phendula ngezimbali ezinde neziningi.

Incazelo nezithombe zezinhlobonhlobo

Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-25 ze-surfinia ezitholwe ngokuwela. Ungafunda ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-surfinia bese ubona zonke izinhlobo ezithombeni ezingezansi.

IBurgundy

Yisihlahla esikhulu esinamagatsha amakhulu anezimbali eziningi. Izimbali zakhe zinombala wewayini ocebile.

Okuphinki okushisayo

Izinhlobonhlobo ezikhangayo ezinezimbali ezinkulu ezikhanyayo, ezibomvana. Imithambo emacembeni ibomvu klebhu. Zigijima zisuka emphinjeni uqobo ziye emaphethelweni we-wavy wembali.

Ithebula Elimhlophe

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingenye yezidume kakhulu phakathi kwezimbali. Njengoba inamacembe amhlophe qhwa, kanti nembali uqobo ifana nesimo sezinsimbi. Zimboza kakhulu isihlahla sonke. Okuhlukile kokuhlukahluka esikhathini eside sokuqhakaza. Iqala ngoMeyi futhi iqhubeka kuze kufike isimo sezulu esibandayo.

Ylow

Lona yi-petunia ampelous hybrid yokuqala. Iqhakaza ekuseni kakhulu futhi ngobuningi. Umbala we-inflorescences uphuzi ophuzi.

Okuphephuli Okubili

Le yi-petunia ephindwe kabili enezimbali ezibomvu ngokukhanyayo. Izinhlobonhlobo zibonakala ngokukhula okuqinile nokumelana nokuxinana kwamanzi ehlobo. Amagatsha esihlahla alenga, ubude bawo bungu-1 m.Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungu-15-20 cm.

Ungajwayelana nezinye izinhlobo zama-terry petunias nezici zawo lapha.

Umhleli

Izinhlobonhlobo zinhle ngendlela emangalisayo. Ihlathi lisesimweni sebhola, eliqukethe izimbali eziningi ezibomvu ngokugqamile. Isici sokuhlukahluka ngosayizi ohlangene.

Izici zokufika

Imisebenzi yokutshala iyisigaba esibalulekile futhi esibalulekile, ekuqineni lapho ukuqhubeka nokuqhakaza kwama-petunias kuncike khona. Kulokhu, kufanele kulandelwe izincomo ezithile:

Isitsha sembali kufanele sibe nepayipi. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze umswakama ungahlali isikhathi eside emhlabathini.
Uma imbewu incane, bese uxubana nesihlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi utshale ngokulinganayo okokutshala phezu kobuso bonke besitsha esilungisiwe.
Sebenzisa isibhamu sokufafaza noma ukufafaza ngesandla ukuthambisa umhlaba kancane. Umgqugquzeli wokukhula angabekwa emanzini uma efisa.
Ekupheleni kokutshala, vala isitsha nge-polyethylene. Lokhu kuzodala umphumela wokubamba ukushisa.
Gcina isitsha endaweni ekhanyiswe ngokulingene. Umbuso wokushisa kufanele ube phakathi kwama-degree angama-21-23. Lapho nje inhlabathi isomile, fafaza. Ngemuva kwesonto, ungabona amahlumela okuqala.

Izidingo zenhlabathi

ISurfinia ithanda inhlabathi ekhanyayo, engathathi hlangothi noma ene-asidi encane. Ungayithenga noma uyenze. Ukuze uzilungiselele ifomula yokudla okunempilo, kufanele:

Hlanganisa i-peat ne-vermicompost ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo.
Ngemuva kwalokho umhlaba wesoyi wethulwa ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 2.
Ukuze unikeze umhlabathi ngokukhululeka, wengeze nge vermiculite.
Faka i-lime noma amalahle ukuletha ingxube yenhlabathi ku-pH 6.5.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

ISurfinia isitshalo esithanda ukukhanya. Ibhodwe kufanele lifakwe efasiteleni elibheke empumalanga noma entshonalanga. Uma ukhula imbali endaweni enomthunzi, khona-ke ukukhula nokuthuthuka kwayo kuzoma, njengokuqhakaza.

Ukunakekela

Ukunisela

Manzisa inhlabathi njalo nangesikhathi esifanele. Futhi yize lesi sitshalo sibekezelela isomiso kahle, ngezikhathi zokushisa okukhulu, izimpande ezikhule kakhulu zidinga inani eliningi lamanzi.

Okubalulekile! Ukunisela kwenziwa ngokuqinile empandeni. Kodwa yenza lokhu kuphela ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi engaphezulu yomile.

Ukuvimbela ukomiswa komhlaba esitsheni, isembozo semifino.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

ISurfinia isabela kahle ekondleni. Uma isetshenziswa njalo, izobuyisela ngezimbali ezikhanyayo nezinhle. Faka ukwakheka komsoco kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7-10. Ukufakwa kwe-mullein noma i-vermistim kufanelekile kulokhu.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinhlobo ze-hybrid zama-petunias zimelana nezifo nezinambuzane. Kepha uma izimo ezikhulayo noma isimo sezulu sephulwa, i-surfinia ingahlupheka.

Izifo zefungal

Izifo zefungal ezivame kakhulu zihlala:

ukubola okumhlophe;
ukubola okumpunga;
ukubona amabala ansundu;
blackleg;
ukubola okumanzi.

Izimpawu zala ma-pathologies zihluke kancane, kepha cishe zonke zinegalelo ekubolile nasekufeni kwembali. Kunezizathu ezilandelayo zokuthuthuka kwazo:

umswakama;
umswakama ophezulu;
ukwehla kwezinkomba zokushisa (ngezansi +14);
ukutshala okuqinile
inhlabathi ene-asidi;
ukutholakala kwamagciwane ezinsaleleni zezitshalo nasemhlabathini.

Izindlela ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukulwa:

Ukuhambisana nemithetho ye-agrotechnical.
Ukumba okujulile nokwethulwa kukalamula enhlabathini.
Ukubhujiswa ngesikhathi esifanele kwezinhlobo ezithintekile.
Ekwelapheni izitshalo, kusetshenziswa imikhiqizo yebhayoloji (i-Fitosporin, i-Integral) kanye nama-chemical agents (i-Skor, i-Maxim).

I-Chlorosis

Lesi sifo ungasibona ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:

amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala wawo oluhlaza, abe mhlophe;
ukukhula kwezitshalo kuyama;
imbali ibukeka idangele.

Inkomba. I-chlorosis ku-petunia iyisignali yamaphutha enqubo yokunakekelwa: ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-potassium noma i-phosphorus, ukuchema kwenhlabathi pH ohlangothini lwe-alkaline.

Ukulwa nalesi sifo, nisela inhlabathi yembali ethintekile nge-iron chelate (Mikom, Ferovit).

I-Whitefly

Lesi sinambuzane singabonakala ngamaqabunga aphuzi futhi abunayo. Lapho imbali ethintekile ithinta, abajwayelene nabamhlophe abancane baqala ukusabalalisa futhi bacashe ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga ezitshalo ezingomakhelwane. Ukulwa, sebenzisa izingibe zeglue, imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo. Ezimweni eziphambili, kusetshenziswa amalungiselelo amakhemikhali (Mospilan, Aktara).

Ama-Thrips

Ungazibona lezi zinambuzane ngokuba khona kwemivimbo esiliva ezimbalini nasemacembe. Zihambisana necrosis yezicubu ezithintekile. Ngokuphikisana nezizinda zezindawo ezomile, indle encane emnyama ingatholwa, okushiywe yizibungu zama-parasites. Ukulwa, sebenzisa amakhemikhali (Intavir, Aktara).

Izibungu zesicabucabu

Ungabona lesi sinambuzane ngokuba khona kwamachashazi aphuzi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga omile ngokuphelele, iwebhu elincanyana liyabonakala kubo. Ukuze kuliwe, kusetshenziswa izibulala-zinambuzane uNero noma u-Apollo.

Izici zokuzala

ISurfinia isabalalisa ngokwembewu nangembewu. Kodwa inketho yesibili kuphela inzima, ngoba ngenxa yalokho isihlahla esincane sikhula ngezimbali ezingabalulekile. Isimo sezulu saseRussia asihambelani kahle nalezi zimbali ezithanda ukushisa. Ukukhulisa izithombo ezimbewini kuyinkqubo enzima, futhi umphumela awuqinisekisiwe. Ngemuva kokutshala, amahlumela avela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7. Lapho nje kwakhiwa amaqabunga ama-2, faka izitshalo ezitsheni ezihlukile.

Kubalimi bezimbali be-amateur abajwayelekile indlela enhle kakhulu yokuzalanisa ukusika:

Kuyadingeka ukusika ukusika isihlahla bese ukutshala enhlabathini yokubumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze isiqu sigxile.
Mboza isitshalo ngephepha bese usibeka endaweni emnyama.
Ukunisela kuzodingeka ngesikhathi senqubo yokunakekelwa.
Ngokushesha nje lapho ihlumela selakhiwe, susa ifilimu.
Kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi uhlala efudumele njalo.
Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, ingatshalwa, futhi ehlobo izophenduka isihlahla esikhulu futhi esikhanyayo.

Buka ividiyo yokuthi ungayisabalalisa kanjani i-surfinia ngokusika:

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Lapho ukhula i-surfinia, izinkinga ezilandelayo zingenzeka:

Imisa ukukhula, akukho ukuqhakaza. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukungabi khona kwezibane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukufaka i-petunia esosweni ngokukhanya okusakazekile, futhi ebusika ukwengeza imbali ngamalambu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuma ekukhuleni kungenzeka lapho kuhlanganiswa amagatsha we-petunia.
Ukubola kwezimpande. Le nkinga ingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu. Isizathu sayo esiyinhloko ukweqa umswakama okweqile. UPetunias uthanda ukushintshashintsha kwesomiso nokugcwaliswa ngokuphelele kwenhlabathi. Nisela isitshalo nsuku zonke kuphela uma sikhula ezweni noma efasiteleni elibalele. Uma umlenze omnyama uthintekile, sebenzisa iFitosporin.
Kusha emaqabungeni. Akhiwa ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokudla okungafanele. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu esimweni sezulu esiguqubele. Awudingi ukubeka ngokushesha isitshalo ngaphansi kwesibani, udinga ukulinda zonke izingcezu ukuthi zingene emaqabungeni.

I-Petunia Surfinia yimbali emangalisayo emangalisa ngobuhle bokuqhakaza kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula kakhulu ukumbheka, ngoba yonke imicimbi ijwayelekile. Ngisho oqalayo angakwazi ukubhekana nawo wonke umsebenzi, ngakho-ke lokhu kuyindlela enhle kakhulu kulabo abaqala nje ukujwayela ama-petunias.

Buka ividiyo yokuthi ungazifaka kanjani kahle izithombo ze-surfiniya embizeni yezimbali:

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