Izici zezitshalo ezikhulayo ekhaya ebusika: ungayilondoloza kanjani i-petunia kuze kufike ehlobo elizayo?

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I-Petunia isitshalo esingapheli esidabuka ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu zama-petunias. Ezinye zehluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Izinhlobo zezitshalo zitshalwa engadini noma ezimbizeni kuvulandi.

Izimbali azithobeki, zigxila kalula enhlabathini ekhaya futhi zikhule masinyane ngisho nasebusika efulethini. Abakwa-Florists bakhangwa yizimbali ezinkulu ezikhanyayo ze-petunia, ezihlobisa ingadi noma ithala ngokuqhakaza kwazo okuhle sonke isizini. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukutshala nokukhula le mbali akunzima.

Izici zokukhula esimweni sezulu esibandayo

UPetunia uqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuye phakathi nasekwindla. Ebusika, ayiqhakazi ngisho nasendlini. Kepha i-petunia ingagcinwa ekhaya ebusika kuze kufike ihlobo elilandelayo, ikhule efulethini efasiteleni, ukuze entwasahlobo imbali izophinda ijabule ngobuhle bayo.

I-Petunia isitshalo se-thermophilic. Ukuze uyikhulise efulethini, udinga:

ukukhanyisa okuhle;
izinga lokushisa lomoya elifanele;
ukuchelela okuningi.

Okuqukethwe yimbali

UPetunia kufanele alungele ubusika. Ngale njongo, ngokuqala kwekwindla, kuyadingeka:

Khetha izihlahla eziqine futhi ezinempilo.
Zikhiphe ngokucophelela embhedeni wezimbali bese uzifaka ebhodweni eligcwele inhlanganisela yomhlabathi nomquba. Lokhu kuzonikeza umsoco omuhle embali.

Uma kungalindelekile isithwathwa, izinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokufakelwa kabusha, vumela izimbali zime ngaphandle. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukucindezela kwesitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele badluliselwe endlini.

Izinga lokushisa lomoya kufanele libe +10 - +15. Izimbali zingagcinwa kuvulandi ocwebezelayo. Noma ngabe izinga lokushisa liphansi, ngeke lithinte izitshalo nganoma iyiphi indlela. Umaki kuphela we-thermometer akufanele abe ngaphansi kuka +2. Ukunisela i-petunia ebusika kuyadingeka izikhathi ezimbalwa ngenyanga.

Wonke amaqabunga omile futhi alimele avela embali kufanele anqunywe. Lokhu kwenziwa ngesikele esibukhali ukuze ungalimazi amahlamvu neziqu ezinempilo.

Okubalulekile: Uma unakekela kahle isitshalo, sizoqhakaza ekupheleni kobusika.

Ungasivikela kanjani isitshalo?

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokugcina ama-petunias ebusika.:

Ngesimo sezitshalo zomama.
Ngendlela yokusika.

Indlela yokusika

Ngaphambi kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, faka imbali embizeni bese uyingenisa endlini.
Sika amaqabunga abolile noma omile.
Unganqamula zonke iziqu, ushiye u-10-15 cm.

Imithetho Yokugcina:

awukho umanyolo;
ukukhanya okukhanyayo;
umoya omanzi;
izinga lokushisa elifanele;
ukuchelela hhayi ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezi-2-3 ngenyanga.

Izimo ezinjalo zivuna ama-petunias ebusika. Babekezelela ubusika kahle futhi baqala ukuqhakaza ngoFebhuwari. Lapho isitshalo siqhakaza, ungaqala ukusinisela kaningi futhi kancane kancane wethule umanyolo.

Khumbula: Izihlahlana zezimbali zingahlala efasiteleni elibandayo ubusika bonke.

Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu?

Ngokuqala kukaMashi, ukusikwa kunqunywa kusuka embali. Kufanele zibe luhlaza, kuze kufike ku-10 cm ubude.
Kungcono ukusika amaqabunga akhula ngaphansi ukuze isiqu singabonakali. Kuyadingeka kakhulu ukuthi ama-internode ambalwa ahlale kuwo. Amaqabunga ambalwa kufanele ashiywe ngaphezulu kwesibambo.
Ama-cuttings atshalwe enhlabathini evulekile, kungenzeka nge-powder baking. I-Peat ne-vermiculite zilungele ukuqothula kwazo.
Isiqu sicwila enhlabathini evulekile, emanzi.
Kufakwa i- "greenhouse" ngenhla ukuze kugcinwe umswakama omkhulu ezungeze ukusika. Kulokhu, ungasebenzisa inkomishi epulasitiki noma imbiza yengilazi.
Ukuvikela ukusika kungakhunti, kufanele kube nomoya nsuku zonke.

Amahlumela amancane aqhuma kungakapheli amasonto amabili. Ukuqothulwa kwezimpande kuphumelele.

Isithiyo somphunga siyasuswa.
Ama-cuttings ayaqhubeka nokukhula. Badinga ukuniselwa, ukuvundiswa nokufuthwa.
Ukuncinza kungenziwa phezu kwamaqabunga aphezulu ukuze isitshalo sihlahla.
Entwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya selizinzile (+100 nangaphezulu), kusikwa iziqholo eziqinisiwe ezingadini noma ezimbizeni zezimbali kuvulandi.

Okubalulekile: Izimbobo zokungenisa umoya zenziwa ngaphansi kwengilazi yokushisa.

Inketho yokuvikela utshwala kamama

Ukuze ulondoloze uphuzo olungumama lwe-petunia ebusika, udinga umswakama ophezulu nokupholisa. Efulethini, noma ngabe uneveranda ocwebezelayo, kunzima ukwakha isimo sezulu esifanele.

Izimpande ezisikiwe zinamathuba amaningi okuthi ziphile efulethini kunembali yabantu abadala. Abadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nezimo ezikhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-cuttings atshalwe ezinkomishini awathathi isikhala esiningi.

Ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba, i-petunia endala kumele ixhunyelelwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbali isabalalisa ngokukhululekile ngokusika, ngoba kusenenqubo yokuphila kuyo. Isonto nesigamu emva kokutshala, izitshalo ziyaqala.

Kusikwa ama-cuttings ayi-10 cm ngosimbali, atshalwe esitsheni sepulasitiki futhi embozwe nge "greenhouse" ngaphezulu.
Okulandelayo, isitsha sidluliselwa endaweni epholile, kodwa ekhanyayo - ngokwesibonelo, efasiteleni.
Ukwandisa umswakama, kubekwa imbiza yamanzi eduze kwezitshalo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukunakekela amahlumela amasha ebusika akufani nokunakekelwa okulula kwezitshalo zasendlini.

Imithetho yokunakekela

Ukunisela okuningi.
Umswakama ophakeme enhlabathini.
Ukuqedwa kwawo wonke umanyolo.
Ukunisela njalo ngamanzi.

Imininingwane engaphezulu ngobunzima bokunakekelwa kwe-petunia ingatholakala lapha.

Yini okufanele uyenze entwasahlobo?

Ekuqaleni kwenkathi yasentwasahlobo, ama-cuttings akhiwa abe yizihlahla ezincane, okumele zitshalwe emhlabathini ngaphandle noma embizeni. Kuvunyelwe ukusika izitshalo futhi futhi kukhule inani elidingekayo lezimbali.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokugcina

Izihlahla ziqala ukuqhakaza kusenesikhathi. Imbali endala noma isiqu esikhule kuyo siyoqhakaza kusukela maphakathi no-kuya ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari. Lokhu kungenzeka ngisho nasezifundeni ezibandayo ezisenyakatho.
Kulula kakhulu ukuthola izithombo zabantu abadala. Lokhu akudingi ukuhlwanyela imbewu namahlumela akhulayo. Izitshalo ezisetshenzisiwe zizoqhakaza ngemuva kwamasonto amabili.

Imininingwane ethakazelisayo

UPetunia ungowe-nightshade. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amazambane notamatisi ahlobene nembali.
Igama lembali elihunyushwe lisuselwa olimini lwaseBrazil "petun" lisho "ugwayi". Isikhathi eside, lesi sitshalo besithathwa njengesihlobo esisondelene nogwayi kanti izitshalo bezingezohlobo olufanayo.
Ngo-1921, i-asteroid yaqanjwa ngegama lembali.
Cishe noma imuphi umbala wembali kungenzeka. Kusuka kumbala owodwa kuye emachashazini, amachashazi nemifudlana. Ama-petals nawo eza ngezindlela ezehlukene: abushelelezi, lukathayela futhi anemiphetho.
UTerry petunias akanayo imbewu. Azikwazi ukusetha imbewu, njengoba i-ovary iphenduka ibe amacembe.
Indawo yokuzalwa ye-petunia yi-Uruguay.

Ukugcina ama-petunias ebusika akunzima neze uma ulandela imithetho ethile. Ngokwenza kwabo, ungathola hhayi kuphela izimbali ezinhle, kepha futhi nezinto zokutshala ezisezingeni eliphakeme.

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