Imbali engajwayelekile i-Echeveria Miranda: zonke izinjabulo zalesi sitshalo
I-Echeveria ivelele phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezimo, imibala kanye nokwakheka kwama-succulent. Ngokubukeka kwayo okungavamile, ithole igama elihlanganisayo elithi "itshe rose".
I-Echeveria igxila ngokuphelele ezindlini zokuhlala nasemahhovisi, yize izwe lakubo liyingxenye eseningizimu ye-United States: Mexico, Peru, California, Texas.
I-Echeveria eluhlaza enkulu enamaqabunga acwebezelayo acwebezela kakhulu akha irosette yokulinganisa, efana nayo efana nembali evulekile. Isitshalo esimnandi esingamukeleki, singakwazi ukubekezelela ilanga eliqondile.
Incazelo ye-Botanical
I-Echeveria Miranda (lat. Echeveria Miranda) iyinhlobo ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi bezimbali. Kubonakala ngokuba khona kwama-rosetette amancane, ahlanzekile esiqeshini esifushane. I-Succulent ibunjwe njengembali ye-lotus.
Lezi zinhlobo zakhuliswa ngabalimi futhi ziyingxube, ngakho-ke amaqabunga ayo anemibala ehlukahlukene nemibala: i-lilac, i-pinkish, i-yellow, isiliva nezinye.
I-rose rose iyisitshalo esingapheli esinamaqabunga ama-oval akhombe ekugcineni. Lawa maqabunga aminyene asongwa abe yi-rosette njengembali y rose. Isilinganiso sosayizi wamahlamvu cishe singama-25 cm ubude no-15 cm ububanzi. Isiqu, esiphethe wonke amaqabunga ngokwawo, kwesinye isikhathi singabonakala ngamehlo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi sikhula size sibe ngama-70 cm.
Isithombe
Sikunikeza ukuthi ubone isithombe se-Echeveria.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Iningi lama-succulent linakekelwa ngokuya ngemigomo eyisisekelo., okuzoxoxwa ngakho ngezansi.
Ukuze kugcinwe ukukhanya kombala walolu hlobo lwe-Echeveria, lesi sitshalo sinikezwa ukukhanya kwelanga okungapheli. Imifudlana yokukhanya esakazekile ivunyelwe, ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile.
- Ukushisa komoya okunethezeka ehlobo kungama-23-25 C. Ebusika, ukupholisa ngaphansi kuka-6 C.
- Ukunisela kwenziwa ngokulinganisela, ngaphandle kokufafaza amaqabunga, ngoba lokhu kudala inqubo yokubola kwawo. Ebusika, ngesikhathi sokulala kwesitshalo, inani loketshezi kanye nemvamisa yokunisela kuncishisiwe. Amanzi anisela ngamanzi ahleliwe kuphela epanini futhi umhlabathi uswakanyiswe ngqo. Umswakama emaqabungeni nasesiqu uzodala imiphumela yokubola.
- Lesi sitshalo sizwa kahle ekukhanyeni okusakazekile, ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, amaqabunga azoba mkhulu, imiphetho yawo izophenduka ibe bomvu kancane kancane. Uma lesi sitshalo sisendlini muva nje, sivezwa ukukhanya isikhashana, sikhuphule kancane inani le- "sunbathing".
- Ukusika i-Echeveria akudingeki. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, amahlumela we-lateral anama-rosettes anqunywa ngenhloso yokusabalalisa izitshalo.
- Iziphuzo zasogwadule zikhula kahle e-pH ephansi, enhlabathini engenazakhi. I-substrate ithengwa esitolo esibhalwe ukuthi "for succulents (cacti)" noma senziwe ngokuzimela ngaphandle komhlaba, isihlabathi esibhidlikile namatshe aphukile (noma ubumba olunwetshiwe) ngezingxenye ezilinganayo. Amatshe amancane ambalwa athelwa phansi ebhodweni ukudala umphumela wokuvuselela amatshe nokuvimbela ukuma kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, kwinqubo yokuthuthuka nokukhula, isitshalo sondliwa nge-ejenti efanelekile ukondla i-cacti. Akukho ukukhulelwa okudingekayo ebusika.
- Imbiza ye-echeveria ithathwa ingajulile, 1-2 cm inkulu kunobubanzi bembali uqobo. Isitsha esinenqwaba yemigodi yokuhambisa amanzi samukelekile. Kuphakanyiswa itshe elihlwanyelwa njalo eminyakeni engu-1-2, kungabalwa ukufakelwa kabusha kwesitshalo esisanda kulandwa esitolo noma enkulisa.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Kunezindlela eziningi zokutshala i-Echeveria entsha: usebenzisa imbewu, iqabunga, phezulu noma irosette. Izindlela zokuzala:
- Ukusakazwa kwembewu kubhekwe njengendlela edla isikhathi esiningi. Izindleko zabasebenzi zikhokhelwa izindleko eziphansi kakhulu zembewu. Indlela ibonakala ngokungabikho okuphelele kwanoma yiziphi iziqinisekiso zomphumela omuhle.
Imbewu itshalwa enhlanganisweni ye-peat nesihlabathi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekujuleni okungenani futhi imbozwe ifilimu ngaphezulu. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngokufafaza izitshalo ezivela ebhodleleni lokufafaza.
Ukugcina izinga lokushisa ku-23-25 C kuphakamisa ukufingqa, okusulwa ngezikhathi ezithile ezintweni zokumboza. Hlela ukusakazwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Izithombo zihluma emasontweni amabili. Ngemuva kwalokho, ifilimu iyasuswa futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, amahlumela aqinisiwe atshalwa ezitsheni ezihlukene eziyisicaba. Imvamisa le ndlela ayenziwa ekhaya ngenxa yesikhathi sayo nokusebenza kanzima.
Ukusakazwa kwamaqabunga kulula kakhulu, kepha ayifanele zonke izinhlobo ze-echeveria. Iqabunga elisikiwe limila kahle isonto elilodwa esihlabathini noma enhlabathini evulekile. Iqabunga eliphansi eliphilile lihlukaniswa nesitshalo bese lishiywa ukuze lome ukugwema ukwakheka kokubola. Lungisa i-substrate: izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba nengxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi, efafazwe nge-perlite ngaphezulu kwenhlanganisela.
Umhlabathi uswakanyiswe ngebhodlela le-spray, bese kwethulwa kuwo ishidi lamamilimitha ambalwa nge-engela, ulicindezele phakathi. Isitsha simbozwe ngocwecwe kanti izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ku-23-25 C. Okutshalwayo kukhishwa nsuku zonke, futhi inhlabathi iyamanziswa njengoba isoma. Ngemuva kwamasonto ama-2-3, kuzovela izingane zokuqala ze-rosette. Lapho iqabunga lomzali limile, izitshalo ezintsha zitshalwa zenziwe izimbiza ngazinye bese zibhekwa sengathi ziyizitshalo zabantu abadala.
- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-echeveria eziqongweni kwenzeka lapho isiqu sesitshalo side kakhulu. Kulokhu, phezulu kunqunywa ngommese obukhali futhi amaqabunga aphansi ahlukaniswe nale ngxenye. Okusikiwe okuphezulu kuyomiswa amahora ambalwa futhi kutshalwe ku-substrate, ukwakheka okuchazwe esigabeni esandulele. Ngosizo lwefilimu, bakha umphumela wokushisa okushisa, bafaka umoya futhi basimamise isitshalo njengoba kudingeka. Isiqu esisele, lapho ingxenye engenhla yahlukaniswa khona, ekugcineni sizomila, ngakho-ke sibhekwa njengakuqala.
- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwetshe ngama-rosettes Ingabe indlela ethandwa kakhulu. Irosette enkulu futhi ebukeka iphilile ihlukaniswe nesitshalo esingumama. Izingxenye zifafazwa nge-carbon esebenzayo noma ngomlotha wokhuni. Okulandelayo, isithombo esizayo siyomiswa bese sibekwa ekujuleni okungajulile esihlabathini esimahhadlahhadla, ebesikade simanziwe kahle phambilini. Ukushisa kugcinwa ngaphakathi kobubanzi obungu-22-24 C.
Ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele lwenzeka kungakapheli nenyanga, ngonyaka olandelayo isitshalo naso sihlala esitsheni esifanayo.
Indlela yokusakazwa ngama-rosettes ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ama-peduncles asezingeni eliphansi (esivele ngonyaka wokutshala), ngokungafani nezinye izindlela, lapho isitshalo siqhakaza eminyakeni engu-2-4 kuphela ngemuva kokuzala kabusha.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Naphezu kokumelana kwayo nezifo nezinambuzane, i-Echeveria Miranda ihlaselwa yizinambuzane, ukusabalala kokubola noma ezinye izinkinga.
Ngokubheka izindlela zokuzivikela ezilula nemibuso yokunisela, zingagwemeka kalula.
- IMealybug nezintwala... Izimpawu eziyinhloko zibizwa ngokuthi ukuqhakaza okumhlophe okunamathelayo emaqabungeni, ukoma esitshalweni, amahlamvu awayo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukumbozwa okumuncu kwamaqabunga kulimele. Zihlala zingavikelekile futhi izinambuzane ezincelayo zihlala kuma-axils esitshalo ukuze zidle kuzo. Ezibonakalisweni zokuqala zokuhlaselwa yisinambuzane, lesi sitshalo sigezwa ngamanzi anensipho nge-swab kakotini bese siphathwa ngama-infusions akhethekile (ugwayi noma ugalikhi) noma ama-insecticide.
Ukubola, isikhutha esiyimpuphu... Kubonakala uma kwenzeka kwephulwa umbuso wokunisela kanye nomswakama ongena esitshalweni uqobo. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukufakelwa i-Echeveria enhlabathini ehlanzekile ngokuphelele, ususe izingxenye ezilimele. Kwesinye isikhathi basebenzisa izinyathelo ezinqala: basika okuphezulu, bese bekutshala emhlabathini, beqeda konke okunye.
- Ukubuna... Zonke ezinye izinkinga zivela ngenxa yokwephulwa kwezimo zesitshalo futhi zixazululwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Ibhodwe elincane kakhulu noma ukuchelela ngokwanele kuzokwenza ukuthi okumnandi kuyeke ukukhula, ukungabi khona kokukhanyisa kuzokwenza amaqabunga abe mbala, futhi ukushisa okuphezulu egumbini kuzokwenza ukuthi amaqabunga ashwabane futhi i-rosette inciphe.
Uma isiqu namaqabunga eba mnyama, khona-ke imbali iyabanda. Kulezi zimo, uhlelo lokunisela luyalungiswa, ibhodwe liyiswa endaweni epholile noma efudumele ngaphandle kokuhlelwa, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile livezwa ekukhanyeni.
Izimbali ezifana nalezi zinhlobo
Ngenxa yokufana kwangaphandle, uMiranda Echeveria udidekile nezinye izitshalo, ikakhulukazi ukwahlulela ngezithombe.
Ezinye izimbali ziyefana nokwakheka kwembali yetshe... Nayi eminye "imidwebo" yayo:
- Isitshalo esifana kakhulu sivela emndenini we-bastard, sinamaqabunga amancane aminyene, aqoqwe nge-rosette, futhi abizwa ngokuthi yi-sempervivum. Ngokungafani ne-echeveria, ibekezelela kalula amakhaza, ibonwa ngesiqu esifushane ngokwedlulele nenqwaba yama-rosette.
- Ngokubukeka nangombala, ukubukeka kuka-Echeveria Miranda kufana nembali ye-lotus, futhi kungalunga ukubiza i-lotus yamatshe, hhayi i-rose. Futhi, yize umndeni we-lotus nomndeni onamafutha unokuncane okufana ngakho, ngaphandle ukufana kukhulu impela.
- I-Aeonium, umuthi ofana nesihlahla, ugqame nge-pink rosette. Okuluhlaza okotshani okumnyama, amaqabunga acwebezelayo akha ama-rosette amaningi, abekwe esihlokweni segatsha. Lesi sitshalo, njengawo wonke ama-succulent, sidinga amanzi, ukukhanyisa okufanele nokunisela okujwayelekile.
- I-Haworthia iyisitshalo semifino, emaphethelweni amaqabunga agcwele ama-denticles. Amahlamvu esiphundu nawo asonga abe yisiyingi esiyingini. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo zangaphambilini, ibekwa endaweni enomthunzi futhi iniselwa kakhulu. Inhlabathi efanelekile yesitshalo esinjalo ngamatshe amancane.
Isiphetho
I-rose rose ibhekwa njengesitshalo esithandwayo sasendlini ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okungavamile nokuqukethwe okulula. Njenganoma imuphi omnandi, ibekezelela kalula isomiso, ikhula kancane kancane futhi ikhule. Ungqimba lwe-wax emaqabungeni luzovikela i-Echeveria ezinambuzane nezinambuzane kanye nelanga eliqondile.
I-Echeveria ine-subspecies eminingi, ehlukile ngesimo, usayizi, umbala wamaqabunga, ngakho-ke abathandi bezinambuzane bangakhetha isitshalo ngokuthanda kwabo.