I-Thorny handsome - trichocereus

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Isitshalo esingathobeki kunazo zonke esingatshalwa ekhaya sithathwa njenge-cactus. Akudingeki ukuthi kuniselwe, ibona kalula izimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene.

Into esemqoka ukuthi i-cacti ayithathi isikhala esiningi futhi ihlanza umoya ngokuphelele. Yize kulabo abafuna okuthile okungajwayelekile, ungakhetha i-cactus engavamile - i-trichocereus.

Esihlokweni uzobona isithombe sezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-cactus. Uzothola ukuthi hlobo luni lokunakekelwa isitshalo oludingayo, nokuthi ungalikhulisa kanjani endle. Sizobheka nezindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha kwe-trichocereus kanye nenqubo yokuqhakaza kwayo.

Incazelo ye-Botanical

Lolu hlobo lwe-cactus, olufike kithi luvela eNingizimu Melika. Namuhla isakazeke kakhulu ezindlini zezimbali, futhi idume kakhulu eRussia.

Uthola igama layo lezitshalo kusuka egameni lesiGreki elithi "trichos", okusho ukuthi izinwele... Le yi-cactus emile, manje esehluke ngokuphawulekayo kumfowabo "wasendulo". Ngokwesayensi ibizwa nge- "Echinopsis peruviana".

ITrichocereus inomboko obanzi, ingaba ngamasentimitha afinyelela kwangu-16 ububanzi futhi isuke kumasentimitha angama-20 iye kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Umboko wayo awunazimbambo ezingaphezu kwezingu-12, lapho kukhona khona ameva, angakhula aze afike kumasentimitha ayi-10 ubude. Iqhakaza ngezimbali ezimhlophe ezinephunga elimnandi, izimbali zikhula ubude obufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-10-25. Kwezinye izinhlobo, ziqhakaza ebusuku kuphela, kepha ezinhlotsheni zasendlini, izimbali zivela ngokungavamile kakhulu.

I-cactus yaqala ukushiwo yizindela ezahlala ePeru ngo-200 BC. Benza isiphuzo esikhethekile nge-trichocereus, abayibiza ngokuthi "i-akhuma" - le ngxube yesiko isetshenziselwe ukuthola izifo zokugula. Kamuva, lesi sitshalo sasakazekela e-Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina naseChile. Kwabe sekufika eYurophu, futhi ngekhulu lama-20, lesi sitshalo sasetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-cactus yasendlini.

Izinhlobo ezithile ze-trichocereus zinobuthi, ziqukethe ama-alkaloid futhi zingadala ukukhubazeka kwesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko nezithombe zabo

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-cactus ezaziwayo, ezinye zazo ezivame ukutshalwa ekhaya.

Mhlophe (Trichocereus Candicans)

Enye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ze-cactus. Inesiqu esiluhlaza okotshani kakhulu, ukugobeka kwayo okuncane kuyamukeleka. Ameva akuso akhula ngobude ukusuka kumasentimitha amabili kuya kwayisikhombisa. Imisipha uqobo lwayo iphuzi noma inombala omhlophe, iqonde futhi icijile. I-cactus inezimbali - ezimhlophe ngesimo semijondolo efinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-12 ububanzi namasentimitha angama-20 ubude. Banuka okuthile okufana nomnduze. Izithelo zinkulu, zindilinga futhi zibomvu..

I-San Pedro (Pachanoi)

Le cactus ibizwa nangokuthi "columnar" futhi ivela kuhlobo lwe-Echinopsis. Kodwa kuyisiko ukuyibiza ngokuthi iSan Pedro cactus.

I-cactus ikhula ize ifike kumamitha ayisithupha ukuphakama, inamahlumela amaningi. Ngobubanzi, umdolofiya omdala unezimbambo ezingafika kweziyisishiyagalombili, lapho kunezinhlaka ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa zombala onsundu noma omnyama ophuzi. Imisipha ifinyelela kumasentimitha amabili ubude. Izimbali ze-cactus zimhlophe, zimise okwe-tube, zifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-23 ubude, kanti ishubhu uqobo linezinwele ezimnyama. I-cactus enjalo ikhula ngokushesha, akuyona inkambiso ukuyikhulisa egumbini..

Isibani Esinobuthi sasePeru (iPeruvia)

Uhlobo lwe-cactus ekhula ngokushesha elethwe kusuka e-Andes. Ngaphandle, cishe ayihlukile kwi-San Pedro cactus, umehluko kuphela ngameva amnyama futhi ukhula uphakeme kakhulu kunesihlobo sawo.

I-Peruvianus cactus nayo iqukethe i-mescaline eningi, ethathwa njengesihlungu kanye ne-narcotic.

I-Lumby ribbed (iThelegonus)

Inesiqu esimnyama esiluhlaza okotshani, esibonakala sisabalala futhi sikhuphuka kancane. Lapho ubude be-cactus bufinyelela kumamitha amabili, nobubanzi bube ngamasentimitha ayi-8... Inemiqolo efinyelela kusentimitha elilodwa nohhafu ubude. Phakathi nendawo kunomgogodla owodwa oqinile, ongafika kumasentimitha amane ubude. Umbala wameva uvela ophuzi kuye kwimpunga nokumnyama. Izimbali zikhula zibe mhlophe futhi zibe zinkulu, izithelo zibomvu kuze kufike kumasentimitha ama-5 ubude.

I-angle enkulu (Macrogonus)

Iziqu ziluhlaza okotshani ngokuluhlaza. I-cactus inezinsipho ezicijile 1.5 amasentimitha ubude, umgogodla ophakathi ungafinyelela kumasentimitha amathathu. Imibhoshane imnyama mpunga noma imnyama nsundu. Izimbali zimhlophe, zifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-10 ububanzi. Izithelo ngesimo samabhola, amasentimitha amahlanu ububanzi. Imbewu yayo inkulu futhi icwebezela. Kubhekwa njenge-cactus engcono kakhulu yokuzalanisa.

Isipoki (Spachianus)

Yi-cactus yesihlahla. Lapho uneminyaka emine kuya kwemihlanu, amahlumela avela esiqwini, akhula ngokulingana nesiqu esikhulu. Imiphetho ilombala wegolide, isiqu siluhlaza okukhanyayo okukhanyayo. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukufeza ukuqhakaza kwalezi zinhlobo ezimeni zasendlini., kepha ezindlini zokugcina izimbali kuqhakaza izimbali ezimhlophe kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayi-15 ububanzi. Lolu hlobo lwe-cactus luvame ukusetshenziswa njengempande yezinhlobo ezibuthakathaka.

UTerscheckii

Lesi sitshalo sifinyelela kumamitha ayishumi nambili ukuphakama kuze kufike kumasentimitha angamashumi amane nanhlanu ububanzi. Izimbambo zingamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi nane. Imisipha ephuzi ingamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu ubude. Izimbali zakhe zimhlophe, zinde - zifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20. Imibhoshongo imnyama futhi yinde.

I-Bridgesii

Inesiqu esimpunga ngokuluhlaza esinemivimbo emhlophe, ifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha ama-4 - 5. Inezimbambo ezingaconsi phansi ezinemiqolo ephuzi engamasentimitha ayi-8 kuye kwayi-10 ubude. Ekamelweni lesiko, cishe akuvamile, ngoba kuphakeme kakhulu... Inezimbali ezimhlophe ngokuphuzi, ezingafika kumasentimitha angama-20 ubude.

Unakekelwa kanjani ekhaya?

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-cacti zingatshalwa ekhaya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukunaka ukushiya.

Ithempelesha

Ehlobo, umdolofiya awuthobekile futhi uzivumelanisa kalula nokushoda kwelanga, futhi lapho kushisa awomi. Kunconywa ukuyigcina ezingeni lokushisa elikhulu - amashumi amabili kuya kwamashumi amabili nanhlanu degrees Celsius. Ebusika, i-cactus idinga igumbi elipholile nelingakhululekile, izinga lokushisa cishe lingama-degree ayishumi. Ushintsho olubukhali ekushiseni aluvumelekile, ngoba isitshalo sikolunye uhlobo lwe "hibernation".

Kubalulekile futhi ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi isitshalo asidluli ngokweqile futhi asimi eduze kwamadivayisi wokushisa.

Ukunisela

I-Trichocereus iniselwa ngokuzibamba, ngoba ayithandi umswakama owedlulele. I-cactus idinga ukuchelelwa okuningi ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo - kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla... Amanzi kufanele abe esezingeni lokushisa futhi athambile, awukwazi ukuwanisela ngamanzi abandayo, njengoba isitshalo "singagula". Ebusika, udinga ukunisela kaningi, futhi ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezibandayo kuze kube kanye njalo emavikini amathathu kuya kwamane.

Shine

ICacti ithanda ukukhanya, ngakho-ke ungazibeka ngokuphepha efasiteleni usuku lonke. Egumbini elimnyama kakhulu, ziqala ukoma, futhi izimbali ezikuzo ziyabuna. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi i-cacti iphendukele elangeni kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukuncoma

I-Trichocereus ikhula kahle enhlabathini ene-alkaline... Ukuqanjwa kwenhlabathi okuhlukahlukene nakho kuphelele, okubandakanya: isihlabathi, i-peat, i-perlite, inhlabathi yensimu, itshe le-pumice eligayiwe, i-gravel, umquba.

Ukuthena

Kukhiqizwa kuphela uma isitshalo sigula ngokuthile. Ngalokhu udinga:

thatha izikhala ezikhethekile zensimu;
unqume ngokucophelela izindawo ezilimele, kodwa noma kunjalo ungathinti isiqu sesitshalo;
Kunconywa ukuthi uphathe i-cactus ngezixazululo ezikhethekile zokutakula;
ukuthena kungenziwa kuphela entwasahlobo.

Kuvame ukwenziwa ukusika izihlahla ze-cactus ukuze ziphumelele futhi ukuze zivuselele isitshalo. Ngokuthena okunjalo, akufanele ubeke isitshalo esisanda kusikwa emanzini noma substrate - kunamathuba amaningi okubola.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

"Izakhi" ezihamba phambili umanyolo osuselwa ku-phosphorus ne-superphosphate... I-lime nayo iyanconywa, kepha ayikwazi ukuhlanganiswa nenhlabathi ene-asidi ne-alkaline fertilizer. Ngokwesiko kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo owomile, kepha okunye kungagxilwa.

Imbiza

Kunconywa imbiza yobumba ephakathi nendawo yokutshala isitshalo. I-cactus kufanele ibe banzi, kubalulekile ukuthi kube khona indawo yokukhula okuqhubekayo. Uma i-cactus ikhula ngokuqinile, khona-ke kufanele itshalwe ebhodweni elikhudlwana.

Kunconywa ukugwema ibhakede lepulasitiki futhi usebenzise izinto zemvelo.

Dlulisa

I-Trichocereus idinga ukufakelwa kabusha njalo eminyakeni emibili, noma ngabe isitshalo sesivele sineminyaka yobudala.

udinga ukuthenga imbiza ebanzi yezimbali;
engeza i-substrate ne-superphosphates kuyo;
izingcezu ezichotshoziwe zepulasta endala zingangezwa emhlabathini;
bamba ngokucophelela isitshalo ebhodweni elidala;
faka entsha, umbe emhlabathini;
amanzi;
engeza ukufafaza kukamanyolo okugxilile kusitshalo uqobo.

Ubusika

Lesi sitshalo singena ebusika (ebusika), ngakho-ke akunconywa ukusinisela kaningi. Kwanele ukuyisula ngendwangu emanzi, qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi ayomi kakhulu. Ebusika, i-cactus isengozini yezifo ezahlukahlukene ezibangelwa ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba.kanye nomoya obanda kakhulu. Bheka izinga lokushisa ekamelweni kanye namazinga okushisa wamanzi owanisela isitshalo.

Ukulima kwangaphandle

Imvamisa, izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-cactus zisetshenziswa njengomhlobiso futhi zitshalwa endle. Ukuze i-trichocereus igxile, udinga ukukhetha ngokucophelela izindlela zokwehla nokunakekelwa.

Ngokukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe emhlabathini. Umhlabathi omuhle uyinto ebalulekile ekukhuleni kwe-cacti. UTrichocereus uthanda inhlabathi ene-alkaline enamandla.

Umhlabathi we-cactus ojwayelekile uzosebenza, kepha ungathuthukiswa ngokungeza ingxenye eyodwa yokudla kwethambo noma itshe le-pumice. Ama-trichocerus anezimpande ezicebile nezinqubo eziningi, adinga isikhala futhi asondele ngokungathandeki kwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo. Ukunisela ngaphandle akudingeki kaningi, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona eminye imithombo yomswakama. Futhi akudingekile nakancane ukumboza isitshalo elangeni, isheshe ijwayele ngisho nemisebe yelanga eshisayo.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokutshala le cactus - kusetshenziswa imbewu nokusika kwesiqu.

Iziqu zokusika

Sika isiqu.
Yomisa ukusikwa kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ekhabethe noma kwenye indawo eyomile, emnyama.
Faka i-substrate enomswakama endaweni yokutshala bese uthambisa inhlabathi.
Tshala isitshalo kuwo.

Imbewu

Ukukhula kweTrichocereus kusuka enzalweni kudinga inhlabathi enhle.

Khetha inhlabathi enesihlabathi ngemisele efanele.
Sebenzisa izimbiza ezincane ze-ceramic ukuhluma.
Izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokuhluma kufanele lifike kuma-30 degrees Celsius.
Ngokukhipha amanzi, udinga ukwelula izintambo ezincane zikakotini bese uzifaka esitsheni samanzi.
Ukusuka ngenhla, ipayipi kumele limbozwe inhlabathi bese lifakwa maphakathi nembewu ye-cactus.
Fafaza imbewu ngenhlabathi encane.
Ibhodwe kufanele lifakwe esitsheni sepulasitiki esobala esinesivalo.
Udinga ukudalulwa.
Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe njengoba inhlabathi yoma ngebhodlela le-spray.

Ukuqhakaza

Uhlobo ngalunye lweTrichocereus luqhakaza ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene... Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iningi lamaTrichocereus alala ebusika.

Ngakho-ke, ukuvela kwezimbali kungatholakala entwasahlobo noma ehlobo.

Izimbali zohlobo ngalunye nazo zihlukile. Amaningi awo amhlophe futhi amise okwe-tube, kanti amanye anuka njengomnduze.

Izimbali ziyawa ngokushesha ngokwanele, ngakho-ke akufanele uzame ukuzigcina.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kwanele ukususa amaqabunga awile futhi, uma isikhathi sesifikile, udinga ukufaka isitshalo kwenye inhlabathi.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Izifo zingumphumela wokunakekelwa okungafanele kwe-cactus... Isinambuzane esiyinhloko esicasula i-trichocereus yi-mealybug. Udinga ukulwa nayo ngosizo lwezinambuzane, ezifuthwe ngokulinganayo esiqwini sesitshalo.

Izitshalo ezifanayo

Abafowabo abaningi bayefana ne-trichocereus cactus. Phakathi kwazo:

ISetechinopsis;
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba;
I-Ariocarpus;
Cephalocereus.

Isiphetho

I-Trichocereus isitshalo esizwakala sikhulu ekhaya nasendle, into esemqoka ekukhuleni nasekuqhakazeni kwaso yizinga lokushisa esifundeni esingama-degree angama-20, ukuchelela okuningi kepha okunengqondo, kanye nenhlabathi entofontofo enenhlabathi ene-alkaline.

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