Imininingwane ewusizo kubathandi be-anthurium. Sibutsetelo sezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezimhlophe

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Amaqabunga amnyama anombala oluhlaza okotshani, isitshalo esifana nekhandlela othini lwesibani semabula esime njengenhliziyo - lokhu kumayelana ne-anthurium enezimbali ezimhlophe ezimangalisayo ezibukeka zizinhle ehhovisi nasendlini.

I-Anthurium ibukeka inhle ngokuhlangana nezinye izimbali esiqwini. Lesi sitshalo asinamqondo, ngakho-ke sidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-anthurium ezinezimbali ezimhlophe ezikhona, ngokunakekelwa kwasekhaya nokuzala, kanye nezifo zezitshalo nezinambuzane, funda isihloko sethu.

Incazelo ye-Botanical

Abantu babiza anthurium "ngenjabulo yabesilisa" ngenxa yezinkolelo ezihambisana nethonya layo empilweni yamadoda. Emazweni aseYurophu, lesi sitshalo saqanjwa ngokuthi "i-flamingo flower" ngenxa yombala obomvu noma obomvana we-bracts, okuyisici sama-anthuriums amaningi, kepha kusebenza futhi ezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezimhlophe. Igama lesiLatini - Anthurium - lisuselwa emagameni esiGreki asho "imbali" kanye "nomsila".

AbaseYurophu baziswa nge-anthurium ngusosayensi wezitshalo waseFrance nomakhi wezakhiwo u-EF. U-Andre. Ngo-1876, wenza uhambo lwesayensi e-Ecuador, lapho athola khona isitshalo ebesingaziwa phambilini futhi wathumela ikhophi yaso eYurophu.

Uhlobo lwe-Anthurium lungolomndeni wakwa-Aroid. Ngokusho kokulinganisela okuhlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezi-500 kuye ngaphezu kwe-900. Iningi lama-anthurium yizitshalo ezihlala ziluhlaza eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezineziqu ezinyene nezifushane. Ukuma nokwakheka kwamaqabunga kuyehluka kuye ngohlobo. Izimbali ezincane zesikwele noma i-rhombic ziqoqwa endlebeni ye-inflorescence enama-bracts esikhumba anemibala ehlukahlukene - kusuka kokumhlophe kuye kobomvu ngokugqamile. Abantu abakude nezitshalo bavame ukwenza iphutha le-bract nge-petal elilodwa lembali.... Indawo yemvelo - kusuka eMexico kuya enyakatho ye-Argentina.

Izinhlobo zezitshalo nezithombe nazo

Ku-floriculture yasendlini, izinhlobo ezimbili zivame kakhulu - u-Anthurium Andre no-Anthurium Scherzer. Kubo bobabili, umbala obomvu we-bracts ujwayelekile, kepha kunezinhlobo eziningi ezimhlophe.

Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, i-Anthurium Andre ivame ukutshalwa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, kepha futhi ifanele nezimo zasekhaya. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu kukhona okumhlophe.

Umpetha omhlophe

Umpetha omhlophe (iqhawe elimhlophe). Izinhlobonhlobo ezinendlebe ephuzi ku-peduncle ephezulu... Ama-bracts amhlophe njengeqhwa agobile kahle. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-tint ekhanyayo eluhlaza iyagqobhoza.

Inhliziyo Emhlophe

Inhliziyo Emhlophe (Inhliziyo emhlophe). Indlebe yalokhu okuhlukahlukene ipinki ekhanyayo ngombala ogqame kakhulu eduze kwethiphu, i-bract imhlophe, ikhombe.

I-Acropolis (Acropolis)

I-Acropolis (i-Acropolis). Indlebe iphuzi ngokukhanyayo ezansi, nethiphu eliphuzi elikhanyayo okusikhumbuza ilangabi lekhandlela. I-bract imhlophe njengeqhwa, umumo usondela nxazonke. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kubonakala ngamaqabunga amakhulu.

I-Polaris (North Star)

I-Polaris (North Star). Indlebe imhlophe, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iba bomvana. I-bract - evulekile, ekhonjiwe, enamajika amahle - ifana nemisebe yenkanyezi. Njengoba iqhakaza, iba luhlaza okotshani.

USherzerzer

ISherzer's Anthurium iwasebenzela kangcono amakamelo namahhovisi... Isici esivelele yindlebe, esonteke kancane ngokuvunguza. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezimhlophe, kwaziwa kakhulu i-albhamu enendlebe emhlophe kanye ne-oval bracts emhlophe. Izinhlobo ze-Scherzer's anthurium zichazwe lapha.

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Ithempelesha... Njengezitshalo eziningi ezishisayo, i-anthurium i-thermophilic. Ehlobo, udinga izinga lokushisa kusuka ku-20 kuye ku-27 ° C, ngesikhathi sasebusika-ekwindla sehliselwa ku-15 ° C, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kancane kancane. Imbali ayikubekezeleli okusalungiswa. Kusukela maphakathi noJanuwari, kufanele uqale ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa futhi ulilethe kancane kancane ehlobo.
Ukunisela... U-Anthurium, ongowokuzalwa emahlathini emvula, uthanda umswakama kakhulu, kepha akakubekezeleli ukuma kwamanzi. Kungakuhle uma kune-aquarium eduze kwembali. Nisela kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ngaphambi kokuchelela, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi engaphezulu yomile, kepha inhlabathi esembizeni akumele ivunyelwe ukuthi yome ngokuphelele. Amanzi okunisela kufanele abe sezingeni lokushisa kwegumbi, udinga ukuwavumela ukuthi ahlahle. Amanzi kalimu kufanele athambiswe.
Ngemuva kokuchelela, amanzi aqhamuka esiqwini kufanele akhishwe.
Shine... I-Anthurium ayikubekezeleli ukukhanya kwelanga. Kungakuhle ukuyibeka emafasiteleni asempumalanga nasentshonalanga. Uma iwindi libheke eningizimu, imbali idinga ukufakwa umthunzi.
Ukuncoma... I-orchid primer eyenziwe ngomumo ilungele i-anthurium. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-asidi encane noma ingathathi hlangothi. Ingxube ungazilungiselela ngokuhlanganisa inhlabathi enamaqabunga ne-peat ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo. Abanye abalimi beluleka ngokuxuba amagxolo nge-sphagnum encane, i-peat namalahle, futhi bangeze izinaliti ezincane zikaphayini nezitini zezitini. Umhlaba kufanele ulungele umoya nomswakama.
Ukuthena... Ukuthena kuyadingeka uma isihlahla siwugqinsi kakhulu, noma uma kukhona amaqabunga anombala noma amabala amhlophe. Ungasebenzisi izikhuni zasengadini ezinkulu. I-pruner isebenza kahle.
1. Ukusika kuqala phezulu. Amaqabunga omisiwe namahlumela, kanye namaqabunga agqamile ayasuswa. Nquma engela ebheke phansi.
2. Ngemuva kokuthena kuze kuphulukiswe, isitshalo sifuthwa ngamanzi avela ebhodleleni le-spray.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu... Ukondla kusetshenziswa umanyolo wamanzi wezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Isixazululo kufanele sibe buthakathaka (i-20% yedosi enconyiwe yomkhiqizi).
I-Anthurium kufanele ivundiswe isikhathi esingaphezu kwesisodwa ngenyanga, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga azoqala ukukhula ngaphandle kokuqhuma. Kanye ezinyangeni eziyi-3-4, ungondla i-anthurium ngosawoti we-Epsom lapho kuhlanganiswa khona izipuni eziyi-1-2 ngamalitha angu-4,5 wamanzi. Isixazululo silungiswa ngaphambi nje kokuchelela. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, ukondla kuncishiswa kancane kancane, ngenkathi yasekwindla-ebusika, i-anthurium ayiphakelwa.
Imbiza... Ibhodwe kufanele lifane nosayizi webhola lobumba. Embizeni yobumba, inhlabathi yoma ngokushesha, ibhodlela lepulasitiki likuvumela ukuthi ugcine umswakama odingekayo ku-substrate. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ibhodwe linezimbobo ezinkulu zokuhambisa amanzi. Ukusekelwa komphetho onqenqemeni olungezansi kuzohlinzeka ngokufinyelela komoya ezimpandeni. Akunasimo lapho kufanele usebenzise izimbiza.
Dlulisa... Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa njalo ngonyaka, lapho kudingeka. Umbandela oyinhloko ngukuthi imbali seyinyinyithekile ebhodweni. Isitshalo esisanda kuthengwa akufanele sitshalwe kabusha - kufanele sijwayele izimo ezintsha.
1. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, ungqimba lwamanzi (ngokwesibonelo, ubumba olunwetshiwe) lubekwa ezansi ebhodweni elisha, kuthi i-fiber kakhukhunathi noma i-sphagnum ungqimba lwesibili.
2. Okulandelayo, inhlabathi enkulu imboziwe.
3. Lesi sitshalo sisuswa embizeni, izimpande ezibuthakathaka zihlanzwa ngokucophelela ngenhlabathi (kungakuhle ukuthi uzigeze ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo), uhlole ukubola.
4. Isitshalo esinempilo sitshalwe kabusha ebhodweni elilungisiwe.
Abanye abalimi babuye beluleke ukubeka ungqimba lwe-sphagnum ebusweni bomhlaba.
Ubusika... Ubusika be-anthurium yisikhathi sokulala. Ngalesi sikhathi, igcinwa ekushiseni okungaba ngu-15 ° C, inganiselwa ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngesonto futhi ayiphakelwa.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

I-Anthurium isakazwa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, imbewu, amahlumela nokusika.

Uma kusetshenziswa ukwahlukaniswa kwamahlathi, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha imbali ihlukaniswe ngezihlahla ezincane ezimbalwa, ezitshalwe ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
Ukusakazwa kwembewu kunzima kakhulu. Imbewu ithathwa ezithelweni ezivuthiwe, izinsalela ze-pulp ziyasuswa. Ngemuva kokubulala amagciwane imbewu kusixazululo se-potassium permanganate, zibekwa phezu kwenhlabathi enamaqabunga noma i-peat. Ukuze kuhlume, kudingeka izinga lokushisa okungenani elingu-22-24 ° C. Imbewu ihluma ezinsukwini eziyi-8-15. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5, esigabeni seqabunga langempela, kwenziwa ipiki.
Ukusabalalisa, ungasebenzisa futhi ama-apical cuttings, asuselwa esihlabathini esimanzi.
Amahlumela ohlangothini anezimpande zasemoyeni atshalwe ngqo embizeni.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Anthurium iyangenwa kalula:

Izifo ze-fungal ezifana ne-anthracnose, septoria, kanye nama-parasites - i-mealybug, i-thrips, i-aphid. Ukuwaqeda, kusetshenziswa ama-fungicides akhethekile nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane.
Futhi, emazingeni okushisa aphansi kanye nokuntuleka kwezakhi zokulandela ngomkhondo, amaqabunga angazigoqa futhi ashwabane.

Izitshalo ezifanayo

UCalla, noma u-calla, naye ungowomndeni wakwa-Aroid. Ngokungafani ne-anthurium, i-calla yenza kahle esimweni sezulu esenyakatho. ERussia, itholakala kaningi emaxhaphozini, emiseleni enamanzi amile. I-inflorescence ngokubukeka nokwakheka ifana ne-anthurium, i-bract yayo ihlala imhlophe.
I-Zantedeskia isihlobo esiseduze se-calla, ngaphambili esasifakwe kuhlobo olufanayo nayo. Uvela e-Afrika.
IKallopsis, esinye isitshalo esivela emndenini wakwa-Aroid. Isici sesici yindlebe emfushane.
I-Anaphyllum nayo ingeyomndeni wakwa-Aroid. Iza emahlathini ashisayo aseNingizimu India. Ngokwesakhiwo, i-inflorescence iseduze ne-anthurium, kepha i-bract inombala onsomi nokuma okuvunguza.
ISpathiphyllum, elinye ilungu lomndeni wakwa-Aroid, lifana kakhulu ne-anthurium. Indlebe yakhe inkulu, i-bract ihlala imhlophe, futhi iba luhlaza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Imvelaphi yayo ivela eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, iyatholakala nasemazweni ase-Oceania. Njenge-anthurium, isetshenziselwa ukwenza izimbali zasendlini.

I-Anthurium enezimbali ezimhlophe ezinomusa ngokumangalisayo kuyindlela enhle kakhulu yezimbali... Inhlanganisela ehlukile yezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ibukeka imangalisa kakhulu. Uma uyibeka eceleni kokubomvu noma okusawolintshi, khona-ke zizosizana ngokuphelele futhi zisuse isithunzi somunye nomunye.

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