Sikhula ngamuphi usuku isithombo esibamba ukushisa futhi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuvuthwa? Yini ethinta isikhathi?

Isithombo siyimpande yemifino yomndeni wakwaBrassicaceae. Le mifino emnandi futhi emnandi iyisithako kumasaladi amaningi. Yize manje isikhule kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba.

I-Radish iyakuthanda ukunambitheka, i-juicy, ne-sweet futhi ingumthombo omuhle kakhulu we-folate, i-fiber, i-potassium, i-manganese, i-magnesium ne-calcium.

Ungakwazi ukukhulisa kalula ama-radish endaweni yakho yokushisa ngisho nasebusika ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu.

Isikhathi sokukhula esakhiweni sokushisa sishintsha kanjani isikhathi sokukhula endle noma ekhaya?

I-greenhouse yindawo evaliwe yezithelo nemifino ekhulayo futhi idala izimo ezifanele zokutshala ama-radishes. Ukukhulisa isitshalo endaweni ebamba ukushisa kusheshisa inqubo ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kungenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Ukusatshalaliswa okuhle kokukhanya ngaphakathi kwendlu eluhlaza. Izembozo ze-greenhouse zingashintsha lapho imisebe yelanga iqonde khona, ngaleyo ndlela ngokulinganayo isabalalisa ukukhanya ebusweni bonke.
2. Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla. Kusizakala ngezimo zemvelo njengokukhulisa ukushisa ngaphakathi kwendlu eluhlaza.
3. Ukulawulwa kweMicroclimate. Enye yezinzuzo eziphambili zokugcina izithombo ukulawula nokudala izimo ezikahle zokukhula. Ungaguqula ukushisa, umswakama, ukukhanyisa, njll.
4. Ukuvikelwa ezifweni, izinambuzane kanye nezinye izimuncagazi. Okunye okuhle ngegreenhouse ukuthi isikhala esivaliwe.
5. Umoya omncane. Ungashesha ukufaka umoya wokubamba ukushisa ngenxa yama-zenith noma amawindi asemaceleni.
6. Ukufakwa uphawu okuhle kakhulu emvuleni nomoya.
7. Ukukhiqizwa kwesizini. Ngenxa yokulawulwa kwemvelo, izindlu zokugcina izithombo zingakhiqiza imikhiqizo esikhathini esingaphandle kwesizini.
8. Ithuba lokukhiqizwa ezifundeni ezinezimo zezulu ezingezinhle.

Yiziphi izinto ezinomthelela esikhathini sokuvuthwa endaweni yokukhosela?

I-greenhouse yindawo ekahle yokuhluma kwembewu futhi ikuvumela ukuthi wandise inkathi yokukhula yemvelo. Izici ezithinta isikhathi sokukhula kwama-radish ku-greenhouse:

• Umswakama. Izinga lomswakama kufanele libe phakathi kuka-70% no-85%. Umswakama omningi kakhulu ungenza buthakathaka izitshalo futhi uvuse izifo zokuqala zokukhunta. Izinga lomswakama lingehliswa ngokukhipha umoya. Uma udinga ukwandisa izinga, beka iziqukathi eziningana zamanzi ku-greenhouse, izohwamuka, igcine izinga lomswakama.
• Ukunisela. Qaphela - amanzi ayadingeka, kepha inani lincike ekushiseni, ubude bosuku, usayizi wezitshalo nemvelo ekhulayo. Abantu abaningi bancoma ukuchelela ama-radishes kahle kanye ngosuku. Sebenzisa inhlabathi ekhishwe kahle. Umswakama owedlulele ungaholela ekubola kwezimpande.
• Ukuphefumula. Izitshalo zokushisa okushisa ngokuvamile zidinga umoya ohlanzekile. Ingesinye sezakhi ezibaluleke kakhulu zokushisa okushisa njengoba kusiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa, kunikeza umoya omningi ohlanzekile we-photosynthesis, futhi kuvimbela ukubhebhetheka kwezifo kanye nezifo.

  Umoya omile ungaba yindawo yokuzalanisa izinambuzane ezingafuneki, isikhunta, isikhunta nezifo, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi indawo yakho yokushisa ishaya umoya. Sebenzisa amapayipi ophahla ukusiza ukususa umswakama nokushisa ngokwemvelo.

• Ibanga. Izinhlobo eziningi zesithombo sentwasahlobo zivuthwa esikhathini esingaphansi kwenyanga. Izinhlobo ezifika sekwedlule isikhathi ezifana neShayina iRose neLong Black Spanish zidinga isikhathi eside sokukhula, kepha ziphakeme kunezinhlobo zaphakathi nesizini ngezindlela eziningi. Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-radishes ezitshalwa kahle endaweni yokugcina izithombo ezichazwe endatshaneni ehlukile.
• Isikhathi sonyaka. Izinga lokukhula kwezithelo nalo lihlobene nesikhathi sonyaka. Ebusika, ukukhula kwesithombo kuzohamba kancane kunasentwasahlobo. Umehluko wokuvuthwa kwemifino ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene kusuka ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kuya kweziyi-7.

Sebenzisa izindlu zokugcina izithombo ukwandisa isikhathi sokukhula. Kuyasiza ekutshaleni kusenesikhathi nasekuvuneni sekwephuzile.

Imbewu yesithombo iqhuma ngaluphi usuku futhi ingakanani imifino ekhula ngaphambi kokuvuthwa?

Isithombo siyimifino ekhula ngokushesha, etholakalela ukuvunwa cishe emavikini amathathu emva kokutshala imbewu (funda ngokuthi ungatshala nini ama-radishi endlini yokugcina izithombo, kungani isikhathi sokutshala esinekhono sibalulekile, funda lapha). Iningi labantu lijwayele ama-radishes ajwayelekile ajwayelekile, imvamisa amancane amancane kunebhola legalufu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivuthwa ngokushesha futhi zingakulungela ukuvuna ezinsukwini ezingama-30 kuphela emva kokutshala lapho sezikhuliswe ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle.

Uma ugcina izimo ezinhle zokukhula nokuthuthuka kwezitshalo, lapho-ke isithombo singakhuphuka kakade izinsuku ezingama-2-3. Imbewu yesithombo esihlwanyelwe ekwindla ihluma ngasikhathi sinye nokuhlwanyela ubusika, okungukuthi, izinsuku eziyi-6-8 ngemuva kokutshala. Ebusika nasekwindla, ezimweni zokushisa okushisa, ngeke kukwazi ukutshala imifino emasontweni ama-3-4.

Uma sikhuluma ngezimbewu ezihlwanyelwe entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, zihluma ngokushesha okuncane, futhi amahlumela okuqala azovela ezinsukwini ezi-5-6. Lapho ubukhulu besitshalo sezimpande bukhulu, uvuthwa ngokushesha.

Kungenzeka yini ukusheshisa inqubo?

Ukusheshisa inqubo yokuvuthwa:

1. Tshala imbewu yesithombo entwasahlobo cishe amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisithupha ngaphambi kweqhwa elilindelwe endaweni yangakini (funda ngezinto ezihlukile zokutshala ama-radishes ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo lapha, futhi ungafunda ngokuhlwanyela imifino emzileni ophakathi nango-Ephreli kule ndatshana). Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukukhula okusheshayo futhi kunikeze isithombo isikhathi sokuvuthwa ngaphambi kokushisa kokushisa.
2. Nisela ama-radishes kahle ukuze umanzise inhlabathi impande kanye noma kabili ngeviki. Ama-Radishes adinga inhlabathi emanzi ngokulingana ukuze ivuthwe ngokushesha. Umhlabathi owomile unganciphisa ukukhula kwawo.
3. Susa ukhula ezitshalweni.
4. Faka umanyolo wokuqalisa onjenge-5-10-10 ngesilinganiso se-9 kg nge-93 m² (yini nokuthi ungavundisa kanjani ama-radishes lapho usukhule ku-greenhouse?).
5. Qala ukulandelela ubukhulu bama-radishes akho cishe amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu emva kokutshala, njengoba izinhlobo eziningi zikhula esikhathini esingaphansi kwenyanga.
6. Qiniseka ukuthi ukushisa okushisayo kuhlinzeka ngemisebe yelanga eyanele, njengoba umthunzi owedlulele uzoshukumisa izitshalo ukuthi zikhiqize amaqabunga amaningi nezimpande ezimbalwa. Gwema umanyolo one-nitrogen ephezulu.

Ama-Radishes akhula kahle enhlabathini evulekile, ekhishwe kahle ecebile ngezinto eziphilayo. Isebenziseka uma kunamatshe ambalwa noma engekho enhlabathini. I-pH enhle yenhlabathi yesithombo kufanele ibe ngu-6.5, kepha isitshalo singakwazi ukumela inhlabathi ene-pH engu-6.0 kuye ku-7.0.

Ngakho-ke, ngolwazi oluncane nomzamo, ungaba nemifino emisha enempilo ekhuliswe ngezandla zakho etafuleni lakho unyaka wonke. Into esemqoka ukungakhohlwa ukufaka umanyolo, amanzi nokunakekela izitshalo.