Ukuzuza - kuyini futhi kwenzelwa ini: incazelo kanye nencazelo yethemu + TOP-12 yokuthola amabhange nezindlela zokuzikhethela

Sawubona, bafundi abathandekayo bemagazini ye-Ideas for Life! Kulesi sihloko, ake sikhulume ngokuthola: kuyini, yiziphi izinhlobo zokuzuza, kusebenza kanjani nokuthi kwenzelwa ini.

Ngendlela, ubonile ukuthi idola selivele lingakanani? Qala ukwenza imali ngomehluko wamanani wokushintshana lapha!

Kulezi zinsuku, ukuhanjiswa kwemali okungeyona imali sekuqala ukuthandwa. Okokugcina, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokuthi ngabe ikhona imali eyanele esikhwameni sakho sakho konke, ngoba ukuthatha ikhadi elilodwa kuphela uhamba nalo kulula njengokuthwebula amapheya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukube imali obuyilondolozile ibinganele ukuthenga, mhlawumbe ubunakho ikhadi lesikweletuokulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kunoma yisiphi isitolo.

Kulesi sihloko uzofunda:

• Yini ukuzuza, yiziphi izinhlobo zokuzuza ezidingekayo nokuthi yiziphi izici ezinakho;
• Yini okufanele uyibheke lapho ukhetha ibhange lozakwethu nokuthi yimaphi amabhange ahola kule ndawo;
• Ubuhle nobubi obukhulu bokuzuza.

Lo mbhalo uzosebenziseka ikakhulukazi kwabaqalayo osomabhizinisi futhi osomabhizinisiabafuna ukwandisa isisekelo samakhasimende abo nokwenza lula umsebenzi we-cashier, ukuvumela amaklayenti akho ukuthi akhokhe ngendlela engeyona imali... Ungayikhetha kanjani ibhange ozo-oda kulo le sevisi, ukuthi ungasiphetha kanjani ngokufanele isivumelwano sokuthenga, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi iyiphi imishini ongayikhethela lokhu - funda manje!

Mayelana nokuthola: yini ngamagama alula, yini okufanele ibhekwe lapho kuxhunywa insizakalo ngabosomabhizinisi (usomabhizinisi ngamunye, i-LLC) futhi iyini imali ekhokhwayo yokuthola amabhange - funda ku

1. Yini ukuzuza - incazelo ngamagama alula + izici zokuzuza ngaphandle kwerejista yemali 💳

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukucacisa umqondo wokuthola.

UkutholaIngabe isevisi yasebhange amakhasimende angakhokhela ngayo ukuthenga esebenzisa ikhadi lasebhange, ngaphandle kokwenza imali kusetshenziswa ama-ATM.

Le nqubo ikuvumela ukuthi ukhokhe ku-inthanethi futhi ungachithi isikhathi ngokuvakashela isitolo.

Ibhizinisi elincane, sibonga la mathuba, kungakhuphula kakhulu inzuzo, ngenxa yokuthi, ngokocwaningo, lapho kukhokhwa ngekhadi, abathengi basebenzisa, ngokwesilinganiso, ku 20% ngaphezulukunokuba nemali.

Umsebenzi wokuthola wenziwa ngokuya nge-algorithm ethile, ebonakala ngokucacile esibonelweni sokusebenza nayo POS ukuphela:

1. Ikhadi lasebhange lisebenza ohlelweni, isibonelo, ngemuva kokuthi umnikazi efake ikhodi ye-PIN;
2. Idatha yomnikazi iqinisekiswa uhlelo;
3. Izimali zidonswa ku-akhawunti yomthengi bese zidluliselwa ku-opharetha;
4. Kunikezwa amasheke amabili: okwenzelwe iklayenti kanye nomthengisi;
5. Umthengisi usayina isheke;
6. Iklayenti linikezwa irisidi kusuka kwirejista yemali.

Phakathi iphuzu lokuhweba (esebenza njengeklayenti) futhi isikhungo sebhange isivumelwano sokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zokuthola siyaphethwa... Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhange noma umenzeli uhlinzeka ngayo yonke imishini edingekayo yokwenza imisebenzi.

POS ukuphela - idivayisi ekhethekile ye-elekthronikhi yokukhokha okungeyona imali ngamakhadi epulasitiki, aqukethe: qapha, iyunithi yohlelo, amadivayisi wokuphrinta nengxenye yezimali.

Kule nqubo, irejista yemali noma i-POS terminal elula ingasetshenziswa. Inhlanganisela yamadivayisi womabili izobiza kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa izinkampani eziphumelela kakhulu futhi ezaziwayo. Ngakho-ke ezigabeni zokuqala zebhizinisi, kungcono ukusebenzisa kuphela i-POS terminal ukuthola indawo yokuhlala kanye nezinsizakalo zemali.

Kunezindlela ezi-2 (ezimbili) zokuthola ngaphandle kokusebenzisa irejista yemali:

1. I-POS terminal emile noma ephathekayo exhumana nebhange nge-SIM khadi efakiwe;
2. Ingosi ye-Intanethi evumela ukukhokha ngaphandle kwemali usebenzisa imininingwane yekhadi lasebhange.

Izinhlobo zamakhadi afundwa ngamatheminali eselula:

• amakhadi asebhange;
• isikweletu;
• i-chip;
• ifakwe itheyiphu kazibuthe

Ukuze kwenziwe inkokhelo ngaphandle kwesithiyo, ukuxhumana no bhange kufanele kusungulwe, futhi kufanele futhi kube nezimali ezanele kwi-akhawunti ukukhokha izindleko ezigcwele.

Izinzuzo zenkampani yokuhweba ngokusebenzisa ukuzuza:

• ukunciphisa ubungozi obuhambisana nemibhalo engamanga yomgunyathi;
• ukuntuleka kokuqoqwa kwemali futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukonga;
• ukwandisa inzuzo;
• ukwandisa isizinda samakhasimende esixazululeka kakhulu.

Izinzuzo zomthengi okhokhela izimpahla nezinsizakalo esebenzisa amakhadi asebhange:

• ikhono lokusebenzisa imali kwi-akhawunti yekhadi, ngaphandle kokuyikhokha;
• indlela yokukhokha esheshayo futhi elula.

Ukuthola eRussia kumane kuyathuthuka, kanti emhlabeni wonke kudala kwakhiwa ngokuphelele. Esinye sezizathu zale lag ukuthi ukungafundi ngokwezimali kwabantu futhi ukwanda okuncane kwamakhadi epulasitiki phakathi kwabantu, ekugcineni, ebikhula ngenkuthalo eminyakeni yamuva.

2. Yimaphi amaqembu abambe iqhaza ekutholeni 📑

Kunezinhlangano ezi-3 (ezintathu) ezithintekayo kule nqubo.

1) Ibhange (Umtholi)

Inikezela ngezinsizakalo zokucubungula nokwenza izinkokhelo ezingezona imali. Uhlinzeka ngama-POS-terminals ezitolo ezithengisa futhi alawule yonke imisebenzi eyenziwa kusetshenziswa amakhadi.

Njengomthetho, isikhungo sezikweletu esihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokukhokha okungezona ukheshi siqasha noma sifaka yonke imishini edingekayo yokwenza le misebenzi ngaphansi kwemigomo yesivumelwano.

2) Inhlangano yezohwebo

Kuphetha isivumelwano nebhange elitholayo, okukhombisa yonke imibandela nezintengo zokuhlinzekwa kwemishini, ukusetshenziswa kwamatheminali, inani lamakhomishini asebhange, kanye nemibandela okumele izimali zidluliselwe ngayo kumthengisi kusuka ku-akhawunti yomthengi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma iyiphi inhlangano ingayithola le sevisi, noma ingenayo i-akhawunti naleli bhange.

3) Amakhasimende

Laba ngabantu abakhokha imali ngaphandle kwenkampani enkampanini ehweba ngayo.

Umgomo wokuzuza ungaqondakala kumdwebo ongezansi:

Isimiso sokuzuza ngokuya kohlelo

3. Uyisebenzisa kanjani imali ngaphandle kokuvula i-akhawunti nokuthi ungayidinga nini 💎

Ukuze usetshenziswe emisebenzini yenkampani ethola umthengisi, awudingi nje kuphela ukuba ne-akhawunti yamanje ebhange, kodwa futhi nokuba nezinga inhlangano esemthethweni... Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuvula i-akhawunti, sebenzisa insiza ngqo ukuthola umthengisi akunakwenzeka... Kepha lapho kuvulwa khona i-akhawunti empeleni akubalulekile. Kungaba njalo ukuthola ibhangefuthi noma yikuphi okunye ukuvinjelwauku.

Ngaphandle kokuvula i-akhawunti yamanje ungasebenza kuphela ne- Ukuthola i-inthanethi, okuwukudluliswa kwemali engeyona imali kusuka ekhadini lasebhange lomthengi-kumthengi kuye ku-akhawunti yomthengisi-umthengisi.

Kulokhu, kungenzeka ukuphatha imali yezezimali ngokunikeza kuphela i-akhawunti yomuntu nganoma yisiphi isikhungo sezezikweletu. Lapho-ke ithuluzi lokuthola osomabhizinisi ngabodwa likuvumela ukuthi ungavuli i-akhawunti ekhethekile yamanje uma wayekade esebenza ngaphandle kwayo.

Umthetho uvumela osomabhizinisi ngabanye ukuthi bakhokhe izinkokhelo ezidingekayo zomshuwalense zosomabhizinisi ngabanye (izinkokhelo ezingaguquki) nezintela imali etholwayo, lapho-ke uma usomabhizinisi enesitolo esiku-inthanethi, angamukela izinkokhelo ezingezona imali kwi-akhawunti yakhe.

kodwa, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi, ngaphandle kokungavinjelwa okuqondile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-akhawunti yomuntu siqu emisebenzini yezamabhizinisi, ngokungaqondile, kusengaba nezinkinga ezihambisana neqiniso lokuthi esivumelwaneni sokuvula i-akhawunti yomuntu, imvamisa, kukhonjisiwe, okokuqala, ukuthi i-akhawunti akufanele isetshenziselwe izinhloso zebhizinisi, futhi okwesibili, leyo mali engenayo ingabhekwa ngabaphathi bezentela njengeholo lomuntu, elidinga ukukhokhwa kwentela yomuntu siqu emalini 13%.

Ngandlela thile, uma usomabhizinisi engahlelile ukuvula i-akhawunti yamanje, isivumelwano sokuthola i-Intanethi sikuvumela lokhu. Ngemininingwane eminingi ngokuvulwa kosomabhizinisi ngamunye nokwakhiwa kwe-LLC, sabhala ezindabeni ezikhethekile.

Kunini lapho ungadinga ukuthola ngaphandle kokuvula i-akhawunti?

Endabeni yesitolo esifanayo esiku-inthanethi, ukukhokha ngokufaka imininingwane yekhadi nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza usebenzisa iphasiwedi ye-SMS kubukeka kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu kunokudlulisela imali ekhadini lomuntu siqu lasebhange lanoma yimuphi umuntu othize. Ungathola mayelana nezigaba nokulandelana kokwenza isitolo esiku-inthanethi lapha.

Iklayenti, ezimweni eziningi, aliboni noma alinaki ukuthi iyiphi imali edlulisa imali yalo ngqo, okusho ukuthi ngeke lidideke ngokungabikho kwe-akhawunti yamanje yosomabhizinisi. Esikhathini sayo, umthengi uthola iziqinisekiso kwi-Acquiring Bank ngokuziphatha okuphephile kokuthengiselana.

4. TOP-4 izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuthola 💰💳

Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi iRussia le yinqubo entsha, izinhlobo eziphambili zokuthola sezivele sezivele.

Buka 1. Ukuthola i-ATM

Ivele kuqala ezweni lethu futhi ifaka phakathi: ama-terminals wokukhokha nama-ATM akuvumela ukuthi ugcwalise futhi ukhiphe imali nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esikahle, ngokuzimela.

Kepha ngenxa yokuthi iphesenti lekhomishini lakhawulelwa ngokomthetho kamuva, akunakwenzeka ukuthola imali eningi kuyo, ikakhulukazi, ukukhethwa kwabo okukhulu kuvumela abathengi ukuthi bathole ama-terminals ngekhomishini ephansi kakhulu. Kungenzeka, uhole ngokuqasha, lapho ufaka i-terminal yibhange noma uhlelo lokukhokha, njenge Qiwi.

Buka 2. Ukuthola ukuhweba

Izinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhuluisetshenziselwe i- inkokhelo yezinsizakalo futhi izimpahla zasendlini, Izitolo, izindawo zokudla.

Kulokhu, inkokhelo yenziwa nge-POS terminal exhuma kwirejista yemali, okuyisimo esibalulekile.

Ingathengwa ngokugcwele noma iqashwe ebhange, kungaba njalo iselula noma umile.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kukhishwa amarisidi ama-2 (amabili) - irisidi yerejista yemali nerisidi evela esigungwini uqobo (isiliphu).

Buka 3. Ukuthola iselula

Ngokuqhathaniswa indlela entsha ukukhokhelwa ngamakhadi futhi namanje akwaziwa kangako. Lokhu kuzodinga ithebhulethi noma i-smartphone futhi umfundi okhethekile wekhadikuxhunyaniswe nayo usb, i-bluetooth noma uchwepheshe. isixhumi.

Idivayisi enjalo izobiza imali encane kakhulu kunesiginali ye-POS futhi ingahle ikhishwe amanye amabhange ngokuphelele mahhala.

Ngesikhathi sokukhokha, umthengisi uswayipha ikhadi ngomugqa kazibuthe esifundweni sekhadi, anikeze umthengi ithuba lokusayina esikrinini se-smartphone / tablet, kodwa uma kusetshenziswa ikhadi le-chip, kuzodingeka ikhodi ye-PIN.

Ukuthandwa okuphansi kwale ndlela kungenxa yokuthi okwamanje akukho ukuvikelwa kwesoftware okusebenzayo kuma-virus nasekuhlaselweni ngenkohlisoukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukufinyelela okungekho emthethweni emininingwaneni ye-akhawunti noma ngqo kwizimali ezikuyo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkokhelo uqobo lwayo yenziwa yinde futhi yaba yinkimbinkimbi, ngenxa yokuthi udinga kuqala ukwethula uhlelo lokusebenza, wenze zonke izenzo ezidingekayo ngemenyu, khombisa inombolo yeselula noma i-imeyili yekhasimende, thola isiginesha yakhe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo inzima ngokungabi bikho kwesiliphu futhi "ukukhipha" isheke elektroniki kuphela, futhi, ngokomthetho No. 54-ФЗ yangoMeyi 22, 2003., ukukhishwa kwesheke likheshi okuyisibopho, noma ngabe uthenga usebenzisa inkokhelo engenamali. Ngakho-ke, kulokhu, kuzodingeka uxhume irejista yemali.

Buka 4. Ukuthola i-Inthanethi

Kuyinkokhelo kusetshenziswa isikhombimsebenzisi esibalulekile sokufaka imininingwane yekhadi lepulasitiki nokuqinisekiswa okulandelayo kokuthenga ngokufaka iphasiwedi etholwe nge-SMS. Isebenziseka kalula ngokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene izitolo eziku-inthanethi, ukukhokhelwa kwamathikithi, izinsizakalo... Ngasikhathi sinye, kungasetshenziswa ama-opharetha wokukhokha ahlukahlukene, njenge, I-Robobox, I-Interkassa, PBK-imali nabanye... Kulokhu, lapho zilethwa izimpahla, isheke alikhishwa, kodwa lithunyelwa kuphela ngefomu elektroniki.

Kodwa-ke, uma umthengi efuna ukuba nesheke lomzimba, uzodinga ukufaka i-oda kuwebhusayithi bese eyikhokhela ngqo, ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwempahla, esebenzisa i-POS terminal efanayo kwikhuriya noma esitolo esidayiswayo.

Imininingwane eminingi ngokuthola i-intanethi, kanye nokutholwa kwamaselula nabathengisi, ingatholakala ku-athikili kusixhumanisi.

5. Amabhange angu-TOP-12 ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuthola 📊

Njengamanje, cishe wonke amabhange aseRussia anganikela ukuthola izinsiza... Iningi lezikhungo zezikweletu lisebenzisa indlela yomuntu ngamunye emkhakheni wale nsizakalo futhi lenza izimo zomuntu siqu (amanani) ekhasimende ngalinye.

Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe ngokuthola imali ekhokhwayo ebhange elithile, kufanele ugcwalise ifomu kuwebhusayithi yebhange noma ushayele izinombolo ezibonisiwe. Izipesheli zomuntu siqu zivame ukuzuza kakhulu kunezinga elijwayelekile.

Kungenzeka kunqunywe ukuzuza okunenzuzo kosomabhizinisi ngabanye (abantu ngabanye) noma cha ngenxa yocwaningo olunzulu lwamanani omtholi. Njengomthetho, amawebhusayithi asemthethweni asebhange aqukethe imininingwane eningiliziwe futhi esesikhathini mayelana nalezi zinsizakalo.

Ukwenza isivumelwano sebhizinisi elithile, ungaqhathanisa amanani (okunikezwayo) wamabhange ahlukahlukene, adume kakhulu kuwo avezwe kuthebula lokulinganisa elingezansi:

№	Ukuthola ibhange	Ukuthola imigomo	Ukuthola izindleko (Intengo)
1	IGazprombank	Inikeza ngamasevisi wokuthola i-Intanethi, iselula nomthengisi	Ukubheja komuntu siqu kusuka ku-1.5% kuya ku-2%, izindleko zemishini zingama-ruble ayi-1750 / ngenyanga.
2	IMTS Bank	Ikhonza i-Visa, MasterCard, American Express, MIR, UnionPay. inikeza ama-POS terminals, isebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-GSM / GPRS.	Ikhomishini 1,69%, imishini 1499 ruble / ngenyanga.
3	I-Raiffeisenbank	Inikeza zonke izinhlobo zokuzuza, ngokuya ngamazinga wokuxhuma ngocingo, i-GSM ne-Wi-Fi.	Linganisa hhayi ngaphezulu 3,2%... Intengo yemishini eqashiwe isethwe ngokuya ngokuthi zingaki izindawo zokusebenza enhlanganweni nokuthi kukhethwe hlobo luni lwesoftware yesevisi. NgeVisa ne-Mastercard ene-mPos terminal isilinganiso singu-2.7%. ukuhweba nokuthola i-inthanethi kusungulwa ngesivumelwano, njengomthetho, kuze kufike ku-3.2%
4	I-Sberbank yaseRussia	Ukuthola eSberbank kwenziwa ngezinhlelo zokukhokha i-Visa, i-Visa Electron, i-MasterCard, i-MasterCard Electronic, i-Maestro, i-MIR, ngokunikezwa kwama-terminals e-mPos ahambisana nama-Smartphones / amaphilisi kanye nama-POS terminals asuselwa ekuxhumaneni nge-2G / 3G, i-Wi-Fi, i-GSM / I-GPRS Imali ekhokhwayo yosomabhizinisi ngabanye nezinhlangano ezisemthethweni ingatholakala kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yebhange.	izindleko zokutholwa eSberbankkusuka ku-0.5% kuya ku-2.2% (ukuthengisa - ngaphezulu kwe-1.5%; i-Intanethi - kusuka ku-0.5%; iselula yosomabhizinisi ngabanye - 2.2%). Izinsiza kusuka kuma-ruble ngenyanga / 1700 kuye ku-2200
5	I-Alfa Bank	Izinhlelo zokukhokha ezinkulu i-Visa, MasterCard, futhi lapho uxhuma insizakalo yokuthola e-Alfa-Bank, kunikezwa imishini: ama-mPos-terminals ahambelana nama-Smartphones / amaphilisi, ngokuxhumana kwe-2G / 3G, i-Wi-Fi	Ukuthola i-inthanethi nomthengisi - kusethwe ngakunye. Ukuthola iselula - 2,5%... Isisetshenziswa, ngokwesilinganiso, ama-ruble ayi-1850 / ngenyanga.
6	Uralsib	Inikeza amakhadi i-Visa, i-VisaPayWave, i-MasterCard, amakhadi we-Universal, i-American Express, i-MIR. Inikezela ngamatheminali we-POS wokuqasha, ngokuxhaswa kwe-Dial-up, i-Ethernet, i-GSM, i-GPRS, i-Wi-Fi. Izimali zibalwa ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2.	Linganisa kusuka ku-1.65% kuya ku-2.6%, Izindleko zemishini zisuka kuma-ruble / ngenyanga ayi-1600 kuye kwangama-2400.
7	I-Tinkoff	ITinkoff Bank igxile ekutholeni i-Intanethi	Usayizi weKhomishini - kusuka ku-2 kuye ku-3.5% imishini 1900-2300 ruble / ngenyanga.
8	Iyavula	Izinsizakalo zihlinzekelwa ukufakwa kwemishini, ukwamukelwa kwazo zonke izinsimbi zokukhokha, ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi.	Izinga lentela liyashintshashintsha kusuka ku-0.3% kuya ku-3%... Imishini izobiza, ngokwesilinganiso, ama-ruble ayi-2350 / ngenyanga.
9	URosselkhozbank	Inikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi futhi inikeze ngemishini edingekayo.	Indlela yomuntu yokubeka amanani entela.
10	I-VTB 24	Samukela amakhadi wezinhlelo zokukhokha ze-Visa ne-MasterCard. Izinsiza kusebenza zinikezwa ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngendlela yama-POS terminals namarejista wemali. I-Wi-Fi, i-GSM / GPRS isetshenziswa njengokuxhumana. Ungajwayelana namanani entengo ku-VTB 24 kuwebhusayithi yehhovisi lebhange.	Izinga lisethiwe kusukela 1.6%, kuya ngesistimu yesevisi ekhethiwe. Imishini ibiza cishe ama-ruble ayi-1600 / ngenyanga.
11	I-Vanguard	Amakhadi epulasitiki asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zeVisa neMasterCard. Kunikezwa ama-POS terminals, ukuxhumana nge-GSM / GPRS kuyasetshenziswa. Unelungelo futhi lokushintsha imingcele yokuphepha eyengeziwe ngokwakho. Ukudluliswa kwemali kwenziwa ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3,	Izinga lentela kusuka ku-1.7% kuya ku-2.5%.
12	Indinganiso yaseRussia	Amakhadi e-Visa, VisaPayWave, MasterCard, American Express, Discover, DinersClub, JCB neZolotaya Korona ayamukelwa. Ukutholwa kwamatheminali kwethulwe: Ama-POS terminals kanye nezixazululo zerejista yemali yenethiwekhi. Lapho uthola ku-Russian Standard Bank, i-GSM / GPRS isetshenziswa njengokuxhumana.	Amanani entengo ngaphakathi 1,7-2,5%.

Ngokuya ngemininingwane ethulwe etafuleni, singaphetha ngokuthi iziphakamiso zamabhange zimele cishe izinga elilodwa lamanani entelakuya lapho intengo yokuthenga iyehluka kuye ngemigomo yenkontileka kanye nezinsizakalo ezihambisanayo ezinikeziwe.

Ungalikhetha kanjani ibhange futhi wenze kusebenze ukuthola - izindlela zokukhetha + imibhalo yokubhaliswa kwensiza

6. Ungalikhetha kanjani ibhange ukwenza isivumelwano sokuthenga - izindlela ezi-8 zokukhetha ibhange elitholayo 📝

Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo ngokukhetha ibhange elizuzayo, udinga ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe izimo zokusebenza ezihlinzekwa yilo, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uqhathanisa nokunikezwa kwezinye izikhungo zezezimali. Ngalokhu, inkontileka ehlongozwa yibhange kuzodingeka ihlolwe ngokulandela le mibandela elandelayo:

Umbandela 1. Izinsiza kusebenza ezihlinzekwa yibhange

Isivinini sokuxhuma kwiseva nokuphepha kwezinkokhelo ezingenamali usebenzisa amakhadi kuya ngehadiwe kanye nesoftware.

Ngokuya ngemibandela yesivumelwano, izitholi zinganikela:

• Ama-terminos we-POS noma amasistimu we-POS (idivaysi uqobo lokufunda idatha kusuka kumakhadi, ukugcina amarekhodi okuthengisa nokwenza imisebenzi yezohwebo, noma yonke into eyinkimbinkimbi yamadivayisi amele indawo yokusebenza ye-cashier eyenziwe ngomumo);
• Ama-imprinta (amadivayisi enza ukushelela ekusebenzisaneni kokukhokha kusetshenziswa amakhadi. Kusetshenziswa isichasisi esinemininingwane yokukhomba yendawo yokwamukela, kufakwa ikhadi bese kufakwa isiliphu, okuhlala kuso umbhalo wedatha nekhadi lepulasitiki);
• Izikhungo zokucubungula (izinhlelo eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kohlelo lokukhokha phakathi kwamaqembu atholakalayo);
• Izincwadi zokubhalwa kwemali (amadivayisi abhalisa iqiniso lokushintshaniswa kwemali futhi enzelwe ukukhipha isheke elidingekayo lerejista yemali);
• I-PinPad (amapaneli wokufunda ulwazi kusuka kumakhadi nokufaka amakhodi wephini).

Ukusetshenziswa kwamatheminali e-POS kungaphezu kwe- isabelomali futhi ngempumelelo inketho, ngenkathi ukusetshenziswa kwerejista yemali kungafaka izindleko ezengeziwe zezimali.

Ikhrayitheriya 2. Uhlobo lokuxhumana lapho i-terminal ixhuma khona ebhange

Isivinini sokuxhuma nokusebenza kuncike ohlotsheni lokuxhumeka okunjalo.

Isicelo sokubhala imali kwi-akhawunti singenziwa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

• usebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-GSM;
• ukufinyelela kokudayela okukude (usebenzisa imodemu nokuxhumana ngocingo lwasendlini);
• nge-Intanethi;
• sibonga uxhumano lwephakethe le-GPRS;
• ngoxhumo olungenantambo lwe-Wi-Fi

Esheshayo (1-3 isekhondi) izinhlobo zokuxhumana i-Internetfuthi I-Wi-Fi, kanye nokuxhuma kwe-modem ne-GPRS, okungaphansi kokukhokhiswa okungeziwe.

Umbandela 3. Izinhlelo zokukhokha ibhange elisebenza nazo

Uhlelo lokukhokha Ingabe isevisi enesibopho sokudlulisa izimali zisuke ku-akhawunti ziye ku-akhawunti. Ibhange ngalinye lisebenzisana namanye awo, okungabaluleka kakhulu ekukhonjweni kwamakhadi epulasitiki athile. Amasistimu wokukhokha amaningi anikezwa, ububanzi besisekelo samakhasimende bubanzi.

Izinhlelo ezinkulu zokukhokha ezweni lethu yilezi: I-Visa futhi I-MasterCard... Uma umsebenzi udinga ukubambisana nezakhamizi zakwamanye amazwe noma amaklayenti we-premium, kufanele unake izindlela zokukhokha ezinjengezi: Iqembu leDiners, I-American Express (AmEx), I-JCB.

Izinhlelo zokukhokha zaseRussia zithola ukuthandwa ngenxa yamanani entengo ancishisiwe wezinkokhelo: Umqhele wegolide, I-PRO100, Ikhadi le-Union.

Umbandela 4. Fundisisa ngokucophelela imigomo yesivumelwano

Onke amaphuzu abalulekile wokusebenzisana phakathi kwamaqembu akhonjisiwe esivumelwaneni. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kugwenywe imibuzo nezimanga ezingalindelekile ngesikhathi sokubambisana, ukutadisha ngokucophelela kwawo wonke amaphuzu - isimo esidingekayo.

Uma kungafezeki izibopho zeqembu elilodwa noma elinye, yisivumelwano esizosebenza njengebhaxa nethuluzi elikhulu lokuya enkantolo nasekuvikeleni izintshisekelo zalo.

Umbandela 5. Ukuhlolwa kwezinga lomsebenzi

Izinga lapho insizakalo inikezwa khona elibeka izindleko zensizakalo enjalo. Ngaphezu kokuthola nokuhlinzeka ngemishini yomsebenzi osezingeni eliphakeme, umphakeli ingakwazi futhi ukuthwala umthwalo wesondlo, ukuxazulula inkinga ngesikhathi esifanele, sekela umsebenzi wesikhungo sesevisi ye-round-the-clock, lapho ungathola khona izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo nempendulo esheshayo ezimeni zobunzima, ukuwohloka, njll.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlangano efanelekayo ethola impahla ihambisana nokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo ngokuqeqeshwa kanye nokubonisana nabasebenzi bezitolo. ezindabeni ezilandelayo:

1. unganquma kanjani ubuqiniso bekhadi lasebhange;
2. yini okudingekayo nezinhlobo zamakhadi;
3. ama-nuances amakhulu wemishini;
4. iklayenti lisizakala kanjani?
5. ukubuyisa kanjani ukuthenga ngokungakhokhi okungukheshi;
6. ukukhansela kanjani ukugunyazwa;
7. njll.

Ngaphezu kokufunda ukuthi ungasebenza kanjani nohlelo uqobo, imvamisa amabhange, ngemali ethile, yenza ukuqeqeshwa okubanzilapho bafundisa khona:

• izindlela zokuhlonza abakhwabanisi nenqubo yokwenza lokho;
• izindlela zokwandisa ukuthengisa phambi kohlelo lokukhokha okungeyona imali: ukuthi ungahlela kanjani indawo yokuthengisa, ukuthi ungabakhuthaza kanjani abathengi ekuthengeni okuzenzekelayo;
• izindlela zokuhlonza izidingo zamakhasimende;
• inqubo yokuhlela ukugeleza kwemibhalo, ukulungiselela ukubika;
• izinketho zezenzo uma kwenzeka amaphutha ngesikhathi sokusebenza namakhadi asebhange.

Umbandela 6. Izinsizakalo ezengeziwe zebhange

Uma ibhange lingahlinzeka ngezinhlelo zokubala amabhonasi ekhadini ngokuthengwa okwenziwe, okungasetshenziswa njengesephulelo kamuva kahle ngeke kuthinte idumela lenkampani yokuhweba kuphela, kodwa futhi kuzokhulisa ukuthengisa futhi kuhehe amakhasimende amasha.

Ukulawula okulula kakhudlwana kokusebenza ngamakhadi asebhange, izitatimende zokuthengiselana zingathunyelwa nge-imeyili, kusetshenziswa imiyalezo ye-SMS noma kuthunyelwe kuwebhusayithi yebhange kwi-akhawunti yomuntu siqu yenhlangano.

Umsebenzi owengeziwe ungaba izaziso ezizwakalayo mayelana nokwehluleka kohlelo, ukukhwabanisa okungenzeka, njll., Okuzovumela abasebenzi benkampani ukuthi baphendule ngokushesha.

Ngokuya ngokucaciswa kwebhizinisi, usomabhizinisi angathola imisebenzi ewusizo njenge ukuqinisekiswa okuzenzakalelayolapho ukuphela kulungiselelwe ukuhlola idatha ebhange ngaso sonke isikhathi esithile, noma, isib, ukuthi kungenzeka ukhokhe ithiphu, usebenzisa ikhadi, noma ucacise imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nezimpahla noma izinsizakalo kumasheke, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlole ngokucophelela izinkokhelo zazo.

Umbandela 7. Imibandela yokusebenza kwezezimali

Esinye sezimo ezibaluleke kakhulu kulezi yisikhathi esiphezulu lapho kutholwa khona imali ku-akhawunti yenhlangano, isikhathi esiguqukayo, imvamisa kusuka ku-1 (okukodwa) kuze kube ngu-3 (ezintathu) izinsuku futhi kuya ngezici ezilandelayo:

• Ukuba khona kwe-akhawunti ebhange lokuzuza lenkampani kusheshisa ukufaka amakhredithi okwenziwe ngosuku olulandelayo;
• ukuthenga kusuka ekhadini lasebhange lokuthenga kunikezela ngokudlulisa kungakapheli usuku;
• ukutholakala kohlelo oluphuthumayo lokuhumusha olusheshisa inqubo, ngaphandle kwezinye izinto.

Abathengi bakhathazeke kakhulu ngakho imali izobuyiselwa ngasiphi isikhathi ekhadini, uma kwenzeka zibuyiselwa izimpahla. Kuyiphuzu elibalulekile lokuthi umthengisi asebenze futhi aqinisekise idumela lakhe.

Kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukuhlola ngokushesha izindleko ezidingekayo zokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kokuthola, okubandakanya, njengokujwayelekile:

• imali yokufaka imishini;
• ukuxhumeka kwiseva;
• ukuqashwa kwemishini edingekayo;
• ukugcinwa kanye nokugcinwa kokusebenza okufanele kohlelo.

Umbandela 8. Qhathanisa imali ekhokhwayo ongayithola emabhange ahlukene

Inkokhelo yokwenza izinkokhelo ezingezona ukheshi ingasethwa njenge- isilinganiso senzalo kokuthengiselana ngakunye... Kulokhu, kudonswa imali njengekhomishini yokuthengiselana ngakunye okwenziwe.

Lapho kunqunywa intela yokusebenzisa insiza, ngamunye, izinto ezifana nomkhakha lapho inhlangano iqhuba khona imisebenzi yayo, isikhathi sayo sokuba khona kule makethe, inani lamagatsha, inzuzo yenkampani yokuhweba, inani lamalayisense ibhange okufanele lenze ngalo ukuthengiselana kusuka ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene zokukhokha futhi ibhange linesikhungo salo sokucubungula kufanele kubhekwe.

7. Iphasela lamadokhumenti adingekayo okuphetha isivumelwano sokuthola 📋

Lapho kwenziwa isivumelwano sokuthola imali nebhange, ibhizinisi elisemthethweni lizodinga ukuhlinzeka ngemibhalo ejwayelekile:

1. Isitifiketi seRejista Yombuso Ehlanganisiwe Yezinhlangano Ezisemthethweni noma, kulabo ababhaliswe ngemuva kuka-1.07.2002. izinhlangano, Isitifiketi sokubhalisa esivela ehhovisi lentela;
2. Isitifiketi Sokubhaliswa Kwentela;
3. Iphakethe lamadokhumenti akhona;
4. Khipha kwiRejista Yombuso Ehlanganisiwe Yezinhlangano Ezisemthethweni;
5. Ikhadi lasebhange elinamasampula wamasiginesha;
6. Izinqumo noma ama-oda ngokuqokwa komqondisi wenhlangano kanye ne-accountant enkulu;
7. Isivumelwano sokuqashisa noma amadokhumende aqinisekisa ubunikazi bendawo etholakala kukheli langempela elishiwo emibhalweni yezomthetho. Sibhale ngokuningiliziwe ngekheli lezomthetho ku-athikili ehlukile.
8. Isitifiketi sasebhange ekuvuleni i-akhawunti yomhambeli, noma ikhophi yesivumelwano sokukhokha kanye nezinsizakalo zemali;
9. Ilayisense yomsebenzi, ngokwesimemezelo;
10. Amakhophi amapasipoti we-accountant kanye nomqondisi, aqinisekiswe ngummeli olungisa izivumelwano;
11. Noma yimiphi imibhalo eyengeziwe engacelwa yibhange, ngokuya ngemithetho yangaphakathi.

Ungazijwayela nayo yonke imigomo yesivumelwano sokuzuza kusixhumanisi esingezansi (usebenzisa isibonelo sesivumelwano sebhange i-VTB24):

Landa isampula lokuthola isivumelwano sebhange i-VTB24 (doc. 394 kb)

8. Izici eziyinhloko zohlelo lokukhokha (ukuthola) 📌

Izici ezilandelayo zensizakalo yokuthola zingahlukaniswa:

• zonke izindaba zokuxhumana phakathi kwamaqembu zilawulwa ngokuqinile yisivumelwano;
• indlela yomuntu ngamunye ingasetshenziswa kwinkontileka ngayinye;
• inkampani yokuhweba ikhokha ikhomishini kusitholi, ngesimo sephesenti elibalwe mathupha lokuthengiselana kwamakhadi. Imvamisa, isuka ku-1.5% kuye ku-4% wenani lokuthengiselana.
• Imishini edingekayo, njengomthetho, inikezwa yibhange uqobo (ngemali ethile, ngokuqasha noma mahhala, kuye ngemibandela yesivumelwano), kanye nezinsizakalo ezihlobene: imikhiqizo yokukhangisa, ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi njll.
• Ukungabi khona kwenhlangano i-akhawunti nebhange elizuzayo akusona isithiyo ekusetshenzisweni kwale sevisi. Kepha ubukhona bayo bunganikeza okuthandwayo okungeziwe.
• ukukhokhwa kwezimpahla kufakwa ku-akhawunti yenhlangano hhayi ngokushesha, kodwa kungakapheli usuku olulodwa noma ezintathu.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zici ezingenhla lapho usebenzisa le nsizakalo.

Ubuhle nobubi obukhulu bokuzuzela osomabhizinisi

9. Izinzuzo nobubi bokuzuza

Ake sibhale izinzuzo nezinkinga ezinkulu zokusebenzisa insiza.

Izinzuzo (+) ukuthola

1. Inzuzo enkulu yokusebenzisa ukuzuza kumthengisi ukukhuphuka kwamandla okuthenga wabathengi lapho benza izinkokhelo ezingezona imali ngamakhadi epulasitiki. Kulokhu, ngokusho kocwaningo, abathengi bazimisele ukusebenzisa imali ethe xaxa, ngokwesilinganiso se- 20%kusukela kulula ngokwengqondo ukuhlukana nezimali ngendlela engeyona imali kunokheshi.
2. Njengamanje, abathengi abaningi ngokwengeziwe bagcina imali yabo kuma-akhawunti, hhayi esikhwameni semali, futhi, ngokufanele, kungenzeka bangabi nayo imali edingekayo, ngenkathi besekhadini.
3. Ukunciphisa ubungozi bamaphepha emali angumbombayi namaphutha lapho kukhishwa ushintsho kwenza lula umsebenzi womuntu othola imali. Usomabhizinisi wonga eqoqweni lemali namakhomishini ngokuwafaka kwi-akhawunti yamanje.

Umthengi (-) wokuthola

1. Ikhomishini yasebhange yokuthengiselana ingaba 1,5-6% kwenani layo.
2. Imali etholwe kumthengi ayifakwanga ku-akhawunti ngokushesha, kodwa ngaphakathi Izinsuku eziyi-1-3.
3. Izindleko zokutholwa / zokuqashwa zokuthola imishini nokunakekelwa kwayo.

10. Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo mayelana nokuthola (i-FAQ) 📢

Cabanga ngemibuzo edumile ebuzwa abasebenzisi ngalesi sihloko sokuthumela.

Umbuzo 1. Kungani amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo edinga ukuthengwa?

Ezweni lanamuhla, ukuzuza isilinganiso futhi okuncane ibhizinisi, kuyadingeka nje. Ngaphandle kwalokho, endaweni yokuncintisana, umthengisi, ngokulula nje, izolahlekelwa ngamakhasimende ayo... Ngenxa yokuthi, ngaphandle kwendlela yokungakhokhi imali, abathengi abaningi, abaphansi, bazokhetha enye indawo lapho kungenzeka khona.

Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukugcina imali ekhadini kuningi okulula kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi labathengi lithola imali yabo (umholo noma izinzuzo zomphakathi), noma okungenani ingxenye yalo ekhadini lasebhange.

Ngokunjalo, ukungabi nayo imali esikhwameni semali, kungenzeka ukuthi iklayenti lithole inani elidingekayo kubhalansi lekhadi, okungangabazeki ukuthi livame kakhulu ukuthenga okungahleliwe, okusho ukuthi kufaka ukwanda kwenzuzo yebhizinisi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kokuthola ebhange kwenza kube nokwenzeka hhayi kuphela ukwandisa isisekelo samakhasimendekepha futhi ukuze ukwandisa inzuzo yenkampani, ngokulandelana.

Umbuzo 2. Kusetshenziswa hlobo luni lwezinto zokuthenga?

Ukuqaliswa kokukhokha ngaphandle kwemali, akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwehadiwe ekhethekile ne-software... Ukunikeza insizakalo yokuthola, ibhange liphinde linikeze ngezinto ezidingekayo. Usomabhizinisi angakwazi ithenge ngemali ephelele, ukuqasha ebhange noma gibela kwabanyeeshiwo kwinkontileka, izimo.

Okokuqala, kunjalo, POS ukuphela noma Uhlelo lonke lwe-POS... I-terminal iyadingeka ukuze ifunde imininingwane evela kumakhadi epulasitiki futhi inikeze nokugunyazwa ohlelweni olukuvumela ukuthi ubhale imali kwi-akhawunti. Njengomthetho, badinga inombolo efanayo namarejista wemali esitolo.

Lapho, kunezinhlobo eziningana zamatheminali, okungaba umile, okungenantambo (ngokwesibonelo, izithunywa noma oweta), Izindawo ze-PS (ngokuthengisa ngewebhusayithi yenkampani), futhi bangaba nakho ukusebenza okuhlukile futhi ngefunda amakhadi ane-chip noma umugqa kazibuthe futhi unikeze ithuba lokukhokha ngaphandle kokuxhumana.

Uhlelo Iphinde imele isethi ephelele yamadivayisi adingekayo ukuqinisekisa umsebenzi wendawo yomphathi kanye nokwenza ukuthengiselana okungeyona imali.

Umshicileli uphinde asetshenziselwe ukukhipha iziliphu - amadokhumende akhethekile okukhokha aqinisekisa iqiniso lokukhokha ngaphandle kwemali.

I-Pinpad - iphaneli lokufaka i-pin-code ngumthengi. Ixhuma esigungwini se-POS noma kwirejista yemali futhi iyadingeka ukuphepha kokuthengiselana.

Muva nje, kuye kwasabalala izixazululo zemali ezenzeka ngokushesha kuyafundwa futhi ukubethela kolwazietholwe kusuka ekhadini. Benza inqubo yokukhokha isheshe, iphephe, yenze lula ukubikwa kwezezimali namarisidi wokuphrinta.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuthola i-Intanethi kudinga kuphela imodyuli lapho isayithi ixhunywe kuyo ukuze igunyazwe.Njengoba ikhadi lingeniswa ngokwenyama, futhi isheke / isiliphu singaphrintiwe, asikho isidingo seminye imishini.

Umbuzo 3. Ngingayithenga / ngiqashe kuphi imishini yokuthenga?

Ungaqasha i-terminal etholwayo (idivaysi) ekuzuzeni amabhange lapho uzosebenzisa khona le sevisi. Ukuthola ukuqashwa kwemishini kuqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-500 / ngenyanga noma ngaphezulu.

Ungathenga futhi ama-terminos we-POS asebhange kwezinye izinkampani ezithengisa futhi ziqashe imishini. Imishini enjalo ingathengwa ngezitolimende.

Nazi ezinye izinkampani ezinikeza amathuba anjalo.

1) Yamukela ikhadi!

I-Primikartu inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuxhumeka okusheshayo kwemishini ngaphandle kokuvakashela ibhange;
• Kudingeka iphakethe elincane lemibhalo;
• Ukuxhumeka kungenzeka ngaphandle kokwenqaba ibhange elizuzayo;
• Ukuvula i-akhawunti entsha yamanje kungakhethwa;
• 24/7 ukwesekwa kwensizakalo kanye nesiqinisekiso sokukhokha okuphephile;

Lapha ungathenga okokusebenza ngezitolimende noma ukuqasha isikhathi esithile.

2) OkokuqalaBit

Le nkampani inamagatsha amaningi ezweni lonke, kufaka phakathi amazwe we-CIS, i-UAE, njll.

Kukhona ithuba lokuthenga i-KKM, i-RKO nezinye izinsizakalo zokwethula nokwandisa ibhizinisi.

Izixazululo zokwenza kahle nokuzenzakalelayo kwebhizinisi kungenzeka.

Kulesi sihloko ujwayelene nencazelo yokuthola, izici zayo eziyinhloko, amandla nobuthakathaka.

inothi, ini kusukela ngo-2015 kwamabhizinisiothole imali etholakele kusuka kuma-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-60, ukutholakala kwendlela yokukhokha ngaphandle kwemali okuphoqelekile.

Umthetho uhlinzekela inhlawulo yokungalandelwa kwale mfuneko, ngemali efinyelela ku- Ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 (kosomabhizinisi ngabanye) kanye Ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50 (okwezinhlangano ezisemthethweni).

Ekuphetheni, sincoma ukubuka ividiyo mayelana nokuthola (izinhlobo eziyinhloko, umgomo wokuzuza):

Manje uyazi imigomo eyisisekelo okufanele ilandelwe lapho ukhetha ibhange elinguzakwethu, ungafinyelela eziphethweni mayelana nababambiqhaza abakhulu emakethe yezinsizakalo zokuthola futhi unqume ngezimo ofuna ukubambisana nazo nganoma yisiphi isikhungo sezezikweletu kule ndlela.

Sifisa ukuthi ukhethe isitholi esifanelekile futhi uthole izimo ezikahle kakhulu zenkampani yakho, ezokwandisa ububanzi bezinsizakalo ozihlinzekayo, ikhulise ukufunwa komkhiqizo wakho futhi, ngokufanele, ithole inzuzo ephezulu.

Bafundi abathandekayo bephephabhuku i-Ideas for Life, sizojabula uma wabelana ngezifiso zakho, isipiliyoni sakho kanye nokuphawula kwakho ngesihloko sokushicilelwa kumazwana angezansi. Sifisela ibhizinisi lakho inhlalakahle yezezimali!

Bukela ividiyo: Rahasia Mosfet Ide Kreatif DIy (Julayi 2024).