UPanagia Sumela eTurkey: isithonjana esiyisimangaliso sisiza kanjani
IPanagia Sumela ingesinye sezindela ezindala kunazo zonke ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeTurkey, amakhilomitha angama-48 ukusuka edolobheni laseTrabzon. Ukuhlukahluka kwenkimbinkimbi, okokuqala kunakho konke, kumlando wayo wamakhulu eminyaka, unamakhulu angaphezu kwamakhulu ayi-16. Okuhehayo kuyona kanye indlela yokwakha iPanagia Sumela: isakhiwo saqoshwa emadwaleni endaweni ephakeme ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-300 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhulu eminyaka izindonga zendlu engcwele zaziqukethe isithonjana esiyisimangaliso sikaMama kaNkulunkulu "u-Odigitria Sumelskaya", ngemuva kwalokho ithempeli laqanjwa igama.
Kukhona inganekwane ethi isithonjana sobuso beVirgin sasiqoshwe nguSanta Luke, usanta ongumvikeli wabaculi nodokotela. Kukholakala ukuthi lo mphostoli wakubona kaningi ukuphilisa okuyisimangaliso uJesu Kristu akunika izoni ngesikhathi esaphila emhlabeni. USanta Luke naye wabhala elinye lamaVangeli asekhona kuze kube namuhla, futhi ungumdwebi wesithonjana sokuqala.
Uma uzwa ngesithonjana sePanagia Sumela okokuqala futhi ungazi nokuthi yini abayithandazelayo, khona-ke kufanele wazi ukuthi umthandazo kaHodegetria Sumelskaya uyasiza ekwelapheni izifo eziningi. Ikakhulukazi abesifazane abanenkinga yokukhulelwa kwengane baphendukela kuye.
Isakhiwo esikhulukazi njengePanagia Sumela sinesithakazelo hhayi kumaKrestu kuphela, kodwa nakwabameleli bezinye izinkolo. Ezinye izivakashi ziza esigodlweni sezindela zivela emadolobheni okuvakasha aseTurkey, kwabanye ukukhanga kuba yinjongo eyinhloko yohambo lwabo ezweni. Futhi yize ingaphakathi lethempeli lingasahlotshisiwe ngemidwebo yobuhle yaseByzantium nemihlobiso, ebhujiswe ngokungenasihawu ngesikhathi nangabaphangi, lesi sakhiwo sikwazile ukugcina ubuhle baso nomoya ongcwele.
Inkomba yomlando
Ngemuva kokushona kukaSt. Luke, isithonjana sikaPanagia Sumela sasigadwe ngokucophelela ngamaGreki isikhathi eside, aphetha ithempeli esontweni elisedolobheni laseThebes. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaTheodosius I, uMama kaNkulunkulu wavela kumpristi wase-Athene, embiza yena nomshana wakhe ukuba banikele impilo yabo ebukhosini. Bese bethatha amagama amasha uBarnabius noSophronius, ngokuyalelwa nguMama kaNkulunkulu, baya ethempelini laseThebes, batshela abapristi bendawo ngesambulo esenzekile, ngemuva kwalokho ongqongqoshe babanikeza isithonjana. Bese, kanye nobuso obuyisimangaliso, baqonda empumalanga baya eNtabeni iMela, lapho ngo-386 bakha isigodlo sezindela.
Ngokwazi ukuthi isithonjana sePanagia Sumela sisiza kanjani nokuthi siletha ukuphulukisa okungakanani okuyisimangaliso, abahambeli abavela emazweni aseYurophu baqala ukuvakashela isigodlo nangaphambi kokwakhiwa kwaso. Yize ukuthandwa okukhulu nokungafinyeleleki kwesonto, abonakalisi bazama ukuliphanga izikhathi eziningana. Umonakalo omkhulu wenziwa esigodlweni sezindela ekupheleni kwekhulu lesi-6, lapho abaphangi bephanga izindawo eziningi ezingcwele, kodwa isithonjana sikaMama kaNkulunkulu sisakwazi ukusinda. Maphakathi nekhulu lesi-7, isigodlo sezindela sabuyiselwa ngokuphelele futhi izihambeli eziningi zabuyela kuso.
Ngesikhathi soMbuso WaseTrebizond (umbuso waseGrisi Orthodox owakhiwa ngemuva kokuwa kweByzantium), iPhanagia Sumela Monastery yabhekana nenqubekela phambili yayo. Esikhathini esivela ngekhulu le-13 kuya kwele-15. umbusi ngamunye wayevikela ithempeli, andise impahla yalo futhi anikeze amandla amasha. Ngisho nasekufikeni kwabanqobi base-Ottoman esifundeni soLwandle Olumnyama, isigodlo sasePanagia Sumela sathola amalungelo amaningi kuma-padishahs aseTurkey futhi kwathathwa njengokungenakuvinjelwa. Lokhu kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaqala ikhulu lama-20.
Futhi ngemuva kokuqala kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, izindela zashiya isigodlo sezindela, esaphangwa ngabaphangi baseTurkey. Cishe yonke imidwebo esodongeni yabhidlizwa, nobuso obuningi obungcwele bakhishwa. Kepha indela elilodwa lisakwazi ukufihla isithonjana: ungqongqoshe ukwazile ukusingcwaba emhlabathini. Kuphela ngo-1923 ithempeli limbiwe lahanjiswa eGrisi, lapho ligcinwa khona kuze kube namuhla. Namuhla isigodlo asisebenzi, kepha lokhu akumisi izivakashi eziningi zaseTurkey, futhi zifunda ngentshisekelo enkulu izakhiwo zomlando zama-Orthodox.
Isakhiwo sezindela
IPanagia Sumela eTurkey inamabhilidi amakhulu amakhulu namancane, phakathi kwawo ongabona iSonto Lesonto, ihhotela lapho okwake kwahlala khona ama-pilgrim, amaseli ezindela, umtapo wolwazi, ikhishi nendlu yesonto. Endleleni eya esigodlweni kukhona umthombo ogugile, lapho kwakugcinwa khona amanzi avela emithonjeni yezintaba ezinsukwini zakudala. Kuthiwa ubekwazi ukwelapha izifo eziningi.
Isikhungo sendawo yezindela singumhume edwaleni, wake wakhiwa kabusha waba yisonto. Kumhlobiso wayo wangaphandle nangaphakathi, izinsalela zemidwebo efrescoes, ezisuselwa kwizigcawu ezivela eBhayibhelini, zigcinwe. Kwamanye amasonto, ungabona futhi izithombe ezisuswe uhhafu zeVirgin noKristu. Bude buduze nesakhiwo kunomsele wamanzi owawunikeza isigodlo amanzi phambilini. Isakhiwo sakhiwa ngamakhothamo amaningi, abuyiselwe ngempumelelo ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa.
AbakwaVandals abaphumelelanga ukucekela phansi ithempeli ngokuphelele ngenxa yokuthi iningi lamabhilidi asele esigodlweni sezindela laliqoshwe emadwaleni, futhi lingabekwa ngamatshe. Kusukela ngo-2010, ngokugcizelela kweNdunankulu Yezenkolo, inkonzo yaphezulu ibiqhubeka kulesi sigodlo eTurkey njalo ngo-Agasti 28 ukuhlonipha uMama kaNkulunkulu.
Ufika kanjani lapho
Isigodlo sasePanagia Sumela, esinezithombe ezibukhombisa ngokusobala ubukhulu baso, sisezindaweni ezikude zezintaba engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yeTurkey. Ungafika lapha ngezindlela ezintathu ezahlukene. Inketho elula kunazo zonke kungaba ukuthenga ukuvakasha kokubuka enkampanini yezokuvakasha eTrabzon. I-ejensi izokunikeza ibhasi elizokusa noma ubuye lapho uya khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzophelezelwa ngumhlahlandlela, ozokwenza ukuvakasha kwakho ekukhangeni kube mnandi futhi kufundise. Izindleko zohambo olunjalo ziqala kusuka ku-60 TL.
Uma ufuna ukuzihambela wedwa ePanagia Sumela, kuzodingeka ukuthi u-ode itekisi noma uqashe imoto. Intengo yokugibela itekisi izoba okungenani i-150 TL. Ungaqasha imoto esezingeni lomnotho kusuka ku-145 TL ngosuku. Thatha umgwaqo u-E 97 uze ufike ophawini lweMaçka bese uphenduka izintaba uze ufike esiteshini sokupaka izimoto. Akunandaba ukuthi ukhetha yiphi inketho, kuzodingeka uhambe cishe amakhilomitha ama-2 uhamba ngomqansa wentaba usuka endaweni yokupaka uye ethempelini.
Qhathanisa amanani entengo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli Fomu
Imininingwane ewusizo
- Ikheli: I-Altındere Mahallesi, Altındere Vadisi, 61750 Machka / Trabzon, Turkey.
- Amahora okusebenza: ngesikhathi sehlobo isigodlo sezindela sivulwa kusuka ngo-09: 00 kuye ku-19: 00, ebusika - kusuka ngo-08: 00 kuye ku-16: 00.
- Imali yokungena: 25 TL.
Amathiphu awusizo
- Lapho uya kulesi sigodlo sezindela eTurkey, qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka izicathulo zemidlalo ezintofontofo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kufanele unqobe ibanga lamakhilomitha ama-2 endaweni enezintaba.
- Ungakhohlwa ukuphatha amanzi. Khumbula ukuthi kukhona ikhefi kuphela phansi kwentaba. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukudla okulula okulula kungakulimazi nawe.
- Shintsha imali yakho nge-Lira yaseTurkey kusengaphambili. Ekukhangeni, imali yamukelwa ngezinga elingathandeki.
- Khumbula ukuthi ezintabeni izinga lokushisa lomoya liphansi njalo, ngakho-ke, lapho usuka, qiniseka ukuthi uhamba nezingubo ezifudumele.
- Njengamanje, isigodlo sezindela sasePanagia Sumela eTurkey sisalungiswa, esizohlala kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-2019. Kepha ukukhanga kufanele impela ukukubona kude ukude.
