UKaiser Wilhelm noFriedrich - izinhlobonhlobo zembali enhle ngokumangalisayo yeGloxinia: ukukhiqiza kabusha, ukutshala, ukunakekela
Uthando ekuqaleni kokubona ... Lokhu kuyiyona ncazelo echazwe ku-gloxinia olimini lwezimbali. Futhi lokhu akuyona into engaqondakali.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, le mbali iheha ukunaka kwabalimi nabathandi ngaso leso sikhathi.
Namuhla sizochaza izici zokubonakala kweKaiser gloxinia, futhi sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ama-nuances wokuyinakekela, izindlela zokukhiqiza kanye nokuthi yiziphi izifo ezithintekayo.
Incazelo ye-Botanical nomlando wemvelaphi
Kuyisitshalo esihlala njalo esinomndeni we-geranium. Isihlahla asithathi isikhala esiningi - sikhula sifike kumasentimitha angama-25. Iphethe izimbali eziphindaphindwayo, okungukuthi, ngemuva kokuba amahlumela amadala ebunile, amasha ayaqhakaza. Lokhu kuyaqhubeka kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla. Uma ivulwa, imbali ifinyelela kububanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-7-8. Esitshalweni esisodwa, kungancibilika kufinyelele kuma-buds angama-20 ngasikhathi sinye. I-inflorescence iqukethe amacembe amahlanu.
Amapuleti amaLeaf, anendawo ebushelelezi namaphethelo ama-wavy, anamathiselwe kuzisiki ezincane. Iqabunga ngalinye likhulu impela futhi lifinyelela kubude obufinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi amabili. Amaqabunga abonakala ezungezwe yizimbali ezinhle ezitholakala kuma-peduncles amafushane. Konke lokhu kudala ukwakheka okuhle kakhulu kokuhlobisa.
Lesi sitshalo sitholwe okokuqala futhi sachazwa eLatin America enemibala. ngesikhathi sohambo lwasolwandle ngusosayensi wezitshalo osemncane uBenjamin Gloxin ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Ukukhiqizwa okwengeziwe kwale mbali kwenzeka ezindlini zokugcina izithombo.
Inkomba! IGloxinia ithole igama lesibili - iSinningia, esetshenziswa njengamanje negama lokuqala.
Ukubukeka nezinye izici
Ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:
- i-gloxinia kaiser wilhelm;
- i-gloxinia kaiser friedrich.
Zombili lezi zinhlobo ziyisiko lasendlini elihlangene. Kunzima kakhulu ukubheka kude nezithunzi zazo ezijulile ezigcwele. Uhlobo lokuqala lubonakala ngombala ojulile "wobusuku" - onsomi omnyama. Futhi eyesibili ivelele ngobumnene bayo - izimbali zayo zipendwe ngombala obomvu klebhu. Amacembe wezitshalo zombili asikiwe emaphethelweni ngomngcele omhlophe obucayi, kanti amapuleti amaqabunga anombala oluhlaza okotshani ngokugcwala kwe-emerald.
Zonke lezi zakhiwo ngokuvamile azikuvumeli ukuthi ubheke kude neGloxinia enhle. Kugqame ngempela kwezinye izitshalo zasendlini ezigcwala ingadi yakho yasekhaya. Isici esivamile salezi zinhlobonhlobo singathathwa njengokuwela "ebusika" (imbali inesikhathi sokulala).
Isithombe
Ngezansi ungabona isithombe sezinhlobonhlobo zeGloxinia Kaiser Wilhelm:
Futhi lesi sithombe sikhombisa iGloxinia Kaiser yezinhlobonhlobo zikaFriedrich:
Izincomo zokutshala
Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi
Ufanele kahle inhlabathi yeGloxinia, eyenzelwe ukutshala ama-violets. Kepha ungazilungiselela i-substrate ngokwakho ngokuxuba:
- umhlabathi onamaqabunga (ingxenye eyodwa);
- umhlaba wesoyi (1 ingxenye);
- i-peat (ingxenye yengxenye).
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi esimweni seSinningia, ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kungashintshwa kancane.
Into esemqoka ukuqapha izinga le-asidi yomhlaba - akufanele yeqe inani le-5.5 - 6.5 pH, okungukuthi, kufanele ibe ne-asidi encane.
Enye imfuneko yenhlanganisela yenhlabathi ukuthi kufanele ingabi namandla futhi kube lula ukudlulisa umoya. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, inhlabathi inconywa ukuthi iphathwe ngesisombululo segciwane.
Ngokwemvelo, ungakhohlwa mayelana nongqimba wamanzi. Ubukhona bayo buhlale budingeka. Lapho ukhetha isitsha sokutshala, nikeza okuncamelayo eziqukathi ezibanzi nezingajulile. Zingaba ngepulasitiki noma ubumba. Ngembali encane, imbiza yezimbali enobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-7-8 ifanelekile; kwi-Gloxinia esekhulile, udinga ukuthatha izitsha ezinkudlwana - amasentimitha ayi-10-15 ububanzi.
Ungabeka kuphi futhi iyiphi imodi yokukhanyisa ongayikhetha?
ISininia yisitshalo esithanda ukukhanya. Kepha kungcono ukungayibeki ukuze ilanga eliqondile liwele kuyo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi esikhathini sokuqhakaza. Ebusika nasentwasahlobo, yiqiniso, ungabeka imbiza yezimbali ohlangothini oluseningizimu lendlu - ngalesi sikhathi ilanga alikashisi kangako. Kepha ngokufika kwehlobo, imisebe yokufihla ubuhle ezingxenyeni ezinamatshe amaningi ekamelweni. EMpumalanga, ezimweni ezingavamile - entshonalanga, ama-windows sills afaneleke kahle.
Abalimi bezimbali abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuqala hhayi ngenkathi, kodwa kusuka kumjikelezo wokuphila wembali uqobo. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengxenye eluhlaza ye-Gloxinia nokuqoqa amaqabunga, kufanele ime endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle. Ngokuqhakaza kwama-inflorescence, imbiza yezimbali isuswa iye endaweni enomthunzi.
Lesi siko sidinga amahora amaningi emini amahora angu-12 kuya kwayi-14. Ukuqinisekisa lezi zimo, sebenzisa ukukhanyisa okwenziwe ngamalambu anamandla. Ngaphandle kwalokho, iziqu zizokhuphuka ngenkuthalo, futhi ukuqhakaza kuzoba okungajwayelekile, noma mhlawumbe kungenjalo.
Inani lokukhanya lithinta nokugcwaliswa kwamacembe ngokulingana ngqo: ukukhanya okuningi - umbala ogqamile wamafihlekile, okuncane - umbala uyaphaphatheka.
Ukunakekela
Izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe
Izinga lokushisa elifanele lokukhulisa iSininia lingama-24-25 degrees Celsius. Le nkomba kufanele igcinwe phakathi nesikhathi lapho isitshalo sishiya isimo sokulala. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezingxenye eziluhlaza, izinga lokushisa kumele lehliswe lifike kuma-22 degrees ngaphezu kuka-zero. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, engeza inani lokukhanya. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isitshalo sizoqala ukwelula kakhulu. ngalokho izolahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza okufihlekile, izinga lokushisa kufanele likhuphuke futhi libe ngama-degree angama-25. Qaphela ngokucophelela ukuthi ngisho nasebusuku akwehli ngaphansi kuka-18 degrees. Ukwanda kwesikhashana kokushisa kuvunyelwe kuze kufinyelele kumaki 28. Uma le nkomba ibambezeleka isikhathi eside, izimbali zizoqhakaza, kepha zizowa zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu.
Umswakama womoya
ISininia ikhetha kahle umoya oswakeme ngokwanele. Ukugcina lesi simo, sebenzisa i-pallet ngezikhathi ezithile ngobumba olumanzi olumanzi, i-moss, noma nje ngamanzi.
Ungafafaza i-gloxinia. Udinga nje ukwenza lokhu, ngokwesibonelo, endlini yangasese. Lapho uzosula futhi uvuselele amahlamvu esitshalo, bese uvala umnyango bese ucisha amalambu asekamelweni kuze kube yilapho amathonsi oketshezi olusemapuletini amaqabunga esomile ngokuphelele. Uma ufafaza imbali ekukhanyeni, amabala ansundu azovela emaqabungeni, azoqala ukulahlekelwa ukwakheka, futhi imiphetho yawo iqale ukugoba.
Ukunisela
Nisela isitshalo ngokunesidingo: ngemuva kokuthi amasentimitha amabili aphezulu enhlabathini esomile. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu nge-pallet noma, njengesinqumo sokugcina, emaphethelweni e-flowerpot, kepha akunakuthela amanzi enkabeni ye-root outlet, ngoba kusuka lapho kuqala ukubola kohlelo lonke lwempande. Ngemuva kwesigamu sehora nengxenye inhlabathi isimanzisiwe, susa uketshezi oluningi epanini.
Amanzi kufanele alungiswe: ahlanzwe, ahlungwe, noma ahlaliswe kungakapheli amahora angama-24. Izinga lokushisa lalo kufanele libe ngama-degree ambalwa nje kunezinga lokushisa elikhona. Okusho ukuthi, uma igumbi lingama-degree angama-18 kuphela, ungazami ukushisa imbali ngamanzi afudumele. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umsebenzi wokunisela ngesimo sezulu esinamafu: ngalesi sikhathi umhlaba awomile kahle.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Inyanga yokuqala noma ezimbili ngemuva kokutshala isitshalo asidingi ukufakwa umquba. Zalisa iKaiser njalo emavikini amabili. Ungakwenza lokhu kanye eminyakeni eyishumi, kepha lapho-ke kuzodingeka uhlaziye izakhiwo ezinamanani aphansi. Kungcono ukuthela ekugqokeni emaphethelweni ebhodwe futhi okungcono kusihlwa noma esimweni sezulu esiguqubele. Umanyolo wokuqala kufanele ube ngamaminerali, bese kufanele ushintshele kokuphilayo.
Ukunakwa! I-Potassium ne-phosphorus zilungele ukuqhakaza, ne-nitrogen engxenyeni eluhlaza yesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, ezinyangeni zokuqala sincike kwizakhi ze-nitrogen, konke okulandelayo kulabo abaqukethe i-potassium ne-phosphorus eningi.
Ngokuqondene nomanyolo ongaphili, ungasebenzisa ubulembu bezinyoni buhlanjululwe (uthele isipuni esingu-1 ngamalitha amabili amanzi) noma uthenge isakhiwo semvelo esenziwe ngomumo.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza
Uma ulandela yonke imithetho yokugcina i-Gloxinia, lapho-ke ngemuva kokukhula kwamaqabunga ama-3-4, izimbali ziqala ukwakheka... Inombolo nobukhulu bazo buya ngezimo ezifanele. Ngemuva kokuthi amahlumela eseqhakazile, ingxenye engaphansi yesitshalo ingaqedwa, kushiye amasentimitha ambalwa wokudubula. Kwezinye izinhlobo ze-synningia, lokhu kuholela ekuqhumeni kabusha. Kepha, ngeshwa, lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu kakhulu ngeKaiser. Isilinganiso esitholwa yilezi zinhlobo ukukhula kwamaqabunga.
Isigaba sokuphumula
Ekuqaleni kwekwindla, i-gloxinia iyoma futhi amaqabunga awa. Ngakho-ke isitshalo sazisa ngokuqala kobusika, okuzohlala cishe ikota yonyaka. Ngemuva kokuthi ingxenye yomhlabathi ishone ngokuphelele, iyasuswa, futhi ibhodwe eline-tuber lidluliselwa egumbini elinamazinga okushisa anciphise afinyelela kuma-degree Celsius ayisishiyagalombili. Le nkomba ingehlela ezingeni elingu-5.
Okwesibili inketho yokugcina i-tuber ngesikhathi "se-hibernation" kungaba ukusihambisa esihlabathini esimanzi... Kuyadingeka kuphela ukumanzisa inhlabathi amahlandla ambalwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi sonke, ngaphandle komoya omile kakhulu, lapho-ke inani lokuchelela lenyuka laya kaningana.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha
Kulolu hlobo lwe-gloxinia, ukukhiqizwa kwemifino kufaneleka kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi kulula kakhulu.
Izithelo zeLeaf
Ungakhethi amaqabunga amancane apical. Nikeza okuncamelayo kumahlamvu ezimpande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusikeka kukhulu kakhulu, kulapho kwakhiwa i-tuber eyengeziwe. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu.
- Beka ukusika emanzini bese ulinda ukuthi kuvele izimpande zokuqala, bese utshala emhlabathini, umboze ngembiza izinsuku ezingama-5-7.
- Cwilisa isikebhe ngqo enhlabathini emanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, yimboze ngefilimu noma ngembiza futhi futhi ubekezele amasonto ambalwa. Lokhu kuzothatha isikhathi eside kangakanani ukusika ama-cuttings. Gcina izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwama-22-23 degrees Celsius.
Unganciphisa hhayi iqabunga kuphela, kodwa isiqu sonke se-lateral, futhi wenze ngaso ngendlela efanayo nokusika iqabunga.
Ishidi lepuleti
Khetha iqabunga eliphilile, elikhulu. Yinqume emithanjeni eguquguqukayo kakhulu ibe izingxenye ze-2-3 bese uyinamathisela emhlabathini, uyicindezele kancane ngasikhathi sinye. Futhi linda kuze kuvele amahlumela amancane engxenyeni ngayinye.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyabola ngenxa yokuchelela ngokweqile. Ukuze ulondoloze isitshalo, susa izingxenye ezilimele, phatha konke okusele ngomuthi womuthi kanye nesisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Futhi ngokuzayo, gada umbuso nokuthambisa okuningi.
Ukulimala okwenzeka emuva kwesikhathi kuvame ukwelashwa. Kubonakala ekuqaleni ngokuncipha okuncane kwamaqabunga, kumise ukukhula kwesibhamu nokubala kwaso. Ukunisela kwenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu. Ukwehlulwa kusakazeka kuzo zonke izingxenye zembali. Kanye nesitshalo, kubalulekile ukuqeda inhlabathi engcolisiwe.
I-Fusarium gloxinia itheleleka ngenxa yokunisela okuningi nenhlabathi ehlale imanzi. Kubonakala ngokuguqulwa kwamaqabunga nokushintsha kombala wawo. Ukuqhekeka kuqala ukuvela ngeziqu.
I-Synningia ingahlaselwa yizilokazane ezinjenge-thrips kanye nezibungu ezibomvu zesicabucabu. Phatha lesi sitshalo ngamalungiselelo okubulala izinambuzane bese ubeka imbiza yezimbali okwesikhashana endaweni emnyama, ugweme okusalungiswa. Ngemuva kokuthi umkhiqizo usomile, imbali ingabuyiselwa lapho yayikhona.
Vele, ukukhula kwe-gloxinia akulula, kepha ukubukeka kwayo okuhle nezincomo ezivela kuzivakashi zakho kule mbali kufanelekile.