Izici zokutshala ama-radishes endaweni abamba ukushisa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Uzoqala nini ukuhlwanyela?

Mayelana nokunambitheka kanye nezinzuzo zezempilo, isithombo esikhuliswe ku-greenhouse asihlukile esitshalweni esifanayo esitshalwe endle.

Isithombo yisitshalo esingamelana namakhaza, esingathobekile, isivuno sokuqala sezitshalo zezimpande eziwusizo singavunwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Lo mbhalo uchaza ngokuningiliziwe ama-nuances wokutshala isitshalo sezimpande, unikeza izincomo eziwusizo zokukhulisa ama-radishes endaweni abamba ukushisa.

Uzoqala nini ukuhlwanyela ama-radishes ukuze uthole isivuno esihle kakhulu sokuqala?

Ukuhlwanyela kubhekwa kusenesikhathi, okwenziwa ngokubonakaliswa kokuqala kwentwasahlobo nokubuyela emuva kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Ukuze kuhlwanyelwe kusenesikhathi ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, kukhethwa izinhlobo ezinesikhathi sokuvuthwa okusheshayo - izinsuku eziyi-15-25 (ungathola ukuthi kukhula isithombo esingakanani ku-greenhouse, sikhula ngaluphi usuku nokuthi siyini isikhathi sokuvuthwa lapha). Imbewu yokuqala ihlwanyelwe ekuqaleni kuka Mashi, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise inhlabathi ngendlela enengqondo futhi ukhule isivuno sotshali sokuqala ngaphambi kokutshala izitshalo ezithanda ukushisa (utamatisi namakhukhamba) ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo.

Izinhlobo zakuqala zesithombo ezimweni ezipholile ezikhulayo zinikeza isivuno sekhwalithi ephezulu, ungavumeli abacibishelayo ukuthi bakhe futhi bangakhi iziqongo ezinzima.

• Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi iyaxegiswa futhi ilinganiswe, ifafazwe ngoqweqwe oluncane lweqhwa bese kuhlwanyelwa ngqo eqhweni elihlanganisiwe. Lapho iqhwa lincibilika, imbewu izocwila emhlabathini.
• Kokunye ukuhlwanyela, imbewu ihlwanyelwa kuqala emhlabathini, ifafazwe ungqimba oluncane lomhlaba bese kubekwa ungqimba oluncane lweqhwa. Le ndlela izokwenza lukhuni imbewu ngasikhathi sinye futhi isimamise inhlabathi.

Ukutshala nini entwasahlobo?

Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa endaweni yokugcina izithombo phakathi nenyanga yokuqala yentwasahlobo. Imbewu yesithombo engamelana namakhaza ingahluma ezingeni lokushisa lama- + 3 degrees futhi imelane nokwehla kwesikhashana kuye ku- -1 degrees.

Ngokuqothula kanye nokuqala kwenkathi ekhulayo, isiko lidinga izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke lama-10-13 degrees, ukuqala kokwakheka kwezitshalo zezimpande - ama-17-20 degrees. Uma izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kwemikhawulo ebekiwe, isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwemifino sizobambezeleka kancane.

Thola kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungatshala nini ama-radish ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, yini enquma isikhathi sokuhlwanyela, kwenye indatshana, nangezici ezihlukile zokutshala ama-radishes ngo-Ephreli, funda lapha.

Ungayihlwanyela kanjani imifino ngoMashi esikhungweni sokushisa?

Ukuze kutshalwe isivuno semifino esikhethiwe ngokuya ngamazinga we-agrotechnical futhi ngemuva kwalokho sinikeze isivuno esihle, kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho yemiyalo ekhulayo. Ukunquma usuku oluhle lokuhlwanyela imbewu Abalimi abaningi basebenzisa ikhalenda yokutshala inyanga.

Ikhalenda lika-2019 likhombisa izinsuku ezinhle zokuhlwanyela ngoMashi: 10-12, 15-17, 23-25, 27-30.

Yikuphi ukuhlukahluka okufanele ukhethe futhi ngani?

Ama-radishes akhulayo adinga ukukhanya okuhle. Ngokuhlwanyela kusenesikhathi ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezimweni sezulu eselibekele isikhathi eside nokukhanya okwanele kokushisa okushisa okushisayo, iziqongo zizokhishwa, nezitshalo zezimpande zizovuthwa zincane. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kulinywe ezimweni zokushisa okushisayo, kukhethwa kuqala izinhlobo ze-hybrid eziguqulelwa ekukhanyeni okunganele.

Lezi zinhlobo zokuqala zifaka:

• "Ibhulakufesi laseFrance".
• "Izinsuku eziyi-18".
• Zarya.
• "Globe".
• "Abamba Ukushisa Gribovsky".
• "Nobuhle".
• "Ksenia".
• "Ukushisa".
• "Duro" nabanye.

Ukwehlukahluka ngakunye kunezimfanelo ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Okuhlukahlukene "Ukushisa" idume ngokwanda kwesomiso sayo.
• "Zarya" - ukuhluka okumelana nengcindezi, kuvuthwa ezinsukwini ezingama-24-30 kusukela ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, kwehlukile kwabanye ngokungabikho komunyu.
• "Abamba Ukushisa Gribovsky", ekufanele kangcono ukuhlwanyela ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi. Kubonakala ngokuhluma kwembewu okuhle kakhulu.
• "Duro" inezitshalo eziyizimpande ezinkulu kunazo zonke.

Ama-nuances amaningi ngalokho. yiziphi izinhlobo ezilungele kangcono ama-radishes akhulayo ezimweni zokushisa okuchazwe ku-athikili ehlukile.

Ungathenga kuphi futhi malini?

Imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zesithombo ihlala itholakala eMoscow:

1. Ezikhungweni Zengadi:
   • "Inhlanganisela".
   • "Gavrish".
   • "I-Agrouspech".
2. Ezitolo eziku-inthanethi:
   • "Ingadi yeplanethi".
   • Imbewu ilapha.
   • "Imbewu ku-Yablochkova".

E-St. Petersburg, imbewu ithengwa ezindaweni ezingadini:

• "Indlu Yembewu".
• IPetroflora Northern Garden.
• "Indlu yasemakhaya".
• "Izimbali Peter".
• "Umhlaba Wezimbewu".

Futhi, imbewu iyalwe ezitolo eziku-inthanethi:

• "Ozone".
• "Engadini yami."
• "Ingadi nembewu".
• "Izimbali-Peter".
• "Indlu Yembewu".

Amanani ahluka kusuka kuma-ruble ama-3 kuye kwangama-27 esikhwameni ngasinye esinesisindo esingu-0.5 g, kuya ngokuhlukahluka. Ngokwesibonelo:

• "I-Radish Celeste F1 kusenesikhathi" u-0.5 g ubiza ama-ruble ayi-17.
• Izinhlobo "zaseFrance zasekuseni" zibiza ama-ruble ayi-6 esikhwameni esingu-2 g.

Ukulungiselela imbewu

Imbewu yesithombo ithengwa kahle kakhulu enkabeni yensimu. Ngemuva kwalokho okuqukethwe kwembewu kuyalungiswa. Kuyadingeka ukukhomba imbewu engenalutho engasetshenziswanga, kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhluma futhi kukhulise ukumelana kwezithombo ezifweni ezahlukahlukene.

1. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukulinganisa - ukuhlunga imbewu ngosayizi, lokhu kuzovumela ukuvela kwezithombo cishe ngasikhathi sinye. Kuncanyelwa imbewu enkulu, ubude bayo obufinyelela ku-2-3 mm, ngoba imbewu enkulu iqukethe izakhi ezanele zokuhluma.

   Imbewu kumele ivunwe kusuka esivunweni sokugcina. Akunconywa ukusebenzisa imbewu eneminyaka engama-2-3 ubudala, kanye nembewu encane.

2. Ngemuva kwalokho imbewu ifakwe emanzini, le nqubo isheshisa ukuhluma. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu ifakwa emanzini afudumele amahora angama-24. Imiphumela emihle kakhulu itholakala ngokufaka ezimvuseleleni zokukhula kwemvelo:
   • ijusi le-agave;
   • isisombululo sezinyosi;
   • Isixazululo ngokhuni lomlotha.

   Izinto zokutshala zifakwe ezixazululweni ezinjalo ngamahora ayi-10-12.

3. Ngemuva kokugcwala, inqubo yokufudumeza yenziwa ukukhipha amagciwane futhi kwandise ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane. Ukushisa kwenziwa emanzini ashisayo (45-50 degrees) imizuzu engama-25-30, bese uyakhishwa futhi womiswe.
4. Uma kunokwenzeka futhi nemishini edingekayo itholakala, kuqhuma intuthu, lapho ifilimu enamafutha isuswa egobolondweni lembewu. Le nqubo ithinta nokushesha kokuvela kwezithombo.

   Imbewu ifakwa embizeni yengilazi yamanzi, ishubhu le-aquarium compressor licwiliswa emanzini bese kuvulwa icompressor. Amagwebu omoya, ngokuxhumana nembewu, asiza ukususa igobolondo likawoyela. Ukwehlukanisa kwenziwa amahora angu-8-9, ngemuva kwalokho imbewu yomile.

5. Izinto zembewu elungisiwe kufanele itshalwe ngokushesha emhlabathini. Ukusheshisa inqubo yokuhluma, imbewu ihluma ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, zibekwa phezu kwendwangu emanzi, zisongwe futhi zigcinwe endaweni efudumele. Ngokushesha lapho amahlumela amancane evela, imbewu iqala ukutshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo endaweni yokushisa.

Inqubo yokutshala

Lungisa inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala... Kufanele ibe ne-asidi ebuthakathaka, ibe nokuthambekela, futhi imunce umswakama kahle. Umhlabathi ufakwa ngaphambi kokuvundiswa ngezinto eziphilayo. Ngokushesha nje lapho umhlabathi ufudumala endaweni abamba ukushisa kuya ekujuleni okungajulile ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, umsebenzi wokuhlwanyela uqala.

1. Ukuhlwanyela, ama-grooves angajulile ayenziwa futhi achithwa ngamanzi.
2. Imbewu ehlwanyelwe, ngokucophelela ukuze ingalimazi ihlumela, ibekwe kude no-5 cm.
3. Igebe phakathi kwama-grooves lisele ku-0.2 m. Uhlelo olunjalo lokutshala luvumela ukuthi zinganciphisi izitshalo ngokuzayo, kepha izithombo ezikhulayo zidle kahle. Ukutshala kwenziwa ngembewu engamila.
4. Ama-grooves anezinto zokutshala ambozwe ngokucophelela ungqimba oluncane (kuze kufike ku-2 cm) womxube wenhlabathi onomsoco, ongenatampu futhi oniselwe ngesisombululo seFitoverm ukuvikela izifo zefungal.
5. Indawo etshaliwe imbozwe ifilimu, esuswa lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala. Izinga lokushisa elihle lokuhluma lingama-18-20 degrees.
6. Lapho nje kuvela amahlumela, izinga lokushisa lehliselwa kuma-8-10 degrees ukuze kuqedwe ukukhula okusheshayo kwengxenye yasemoyeni.
7. Lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili eqiniso, izinga lokushisa lenyukela kuma-19 degrees emini kanye nama-16 degrees ebusuku.

Ukuhlwanyela izinhlobo zakuqala zesithombo ekuqaleni kuka Mashi kukuvumela ukuthi wenze izitshalo zokutshala ezilandelayo ezinsukwini eziyi-14 bese uqoqa izitshalo ezi-2-3 ngesizini ngayinye.

Isiko alikubekezeleli ukutshala okuminyene, kuyadingeka ukuthi unciphise izithombo ngesikhathi esifanele. Lapho ukhula ama-radishes emabhokisini ahlukene, kuyadingeka ukubala kahle ukuphakama kwesendlalelo senhlabathi, kufanele okungenani kube ngu-25 cm.

Ngemuva kokuchelela ngakunye, inhlabathi kumele igxishwe, ukhula luyasuswa, igumbi lokushisa lifakwa umoya noma alivaliwe nhlobo. Ukugcina umswakama, inhlabathi iyahlanganiswa. Njengoba izitshalo zikhula, zondliwa ngamanyolo amaminerali ayinkimbinkimbi noma okwemvelo, ngokwesibonelo, isisombululo somlotha wokhuni noma isisombululo esibuthakathaka sesilayidi (funda ngokuthi iyiphi futhi iyiphi indlela engcono yokuphakela ama-radishi lapho ukhula endaweni yokugcina izithombo).

Uma usebenzisa umanyolo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kuthinta ukukhula kwengxenye yasemoyeni, kanti isivuno sezimpande sizosala emuva ekukhuleni.

Funda kabanzi ngokutshala ama-radish endaweni abamba ukushisa noma ngaphandle kokushisa ezindaweni ezihlukene zesimo sezulu nokunakekela okuqhubekayo kokuhlwanyela lapha.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona nobunzima

• Lapho utshala ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, lapho umoya ungakafudumali, umswakama owandayo wenziwa endaweni abamba ukushisa. Lokhu kuzoholela kwisifo sefungal - umlenze omnyama. Ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki, igumbi lokubamba ukushisa kufanele lingeniswe umoya njalo.
• Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, amahora emini asemfishane; ukukhanyisa okungeziwe kusetshenziswa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo.
• Uma ukukhanyisa kungaphezu kwamahora angu-13 ngosuku, isiko lizoqala ukuqhakaza ngaphandle kokwenza isivuno sezimpande. Ukukhanya kufanele kucishwe ngemuva kwamahora ayi-10-13.
• Ngokuchelela okungajwayelekile, ama-radishes aqhekeka futhi abe yi-lethargic. Inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe ngokulinganayo.

Futhi yize ukuhlwanyela ama-radishes ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, kufaka phakathi i-polycarbonate, kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze ukuthi ungasitshala kanjani kahle isivuno sezimpande ngo-Ephreli ukuze ukhule isivuno esihle kakhulu.

Isithombo isitshalo esivamile semifino yasentwasahlobo... Ihlukaniswa ngokungathobeki, ukuvuthwa kokuqala kanye nokulula kokulima. Ungavuna izitshalo ezi-3 zesithombo ngesizini ngayinye. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubalulekile ukukhetha okokusebenza kokutshala kwekhwalithi ephezulu futhi uhambisane nemibandela yobuchwepheshe bezolimo.

Bukela ividiyo: Traditional chief attacked in home (Septhemba 2024).