Izimfihlo zama-petunias akhulayo asuka ku- "A" aya ku- "Z"

Angazi ukuthi ungayihlobisa kanjani kuvulandi wakho, i-loggia, ingadi, noma umane nje ngefasitela lendlu yakho? Ngemuva kwalokho le ndatshana ingeyakho. Sizokutshela nge-petunia enhle, efanelekile ukuhlobisa.

I-Petunia iyisitshalo se-semi-shrub esisetshenziswa isikhathi eside semvelo esishisayo. Iheha ukunakwa ngemibala yayo emikhulu futhi ekhanyayo. Ihlanganisa ngokuvumelana nezinye izitshalo zensimu. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ingadi noma ithala. Kaningi, abalimi bezimbali bakhetha ukuhlobisa ama-balconi, ama-loggias kanye namafasitela amafulethi.

Kukholelwa ukuthi i-petunia yabantu abadala iyinto ehlekisayo kakhulu, futhi amahlumela amancane asakhanya. Kepha, naphezu kwalokhu, uma ubheka inqubo yokukhula nokunakekela i-petunia ngendlela efanele, konke kuzolunga futhi uzobabaza izimbali zayo ezinhle isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kulesi sihloko sizobheka ukuthi singakhula kanjani isitshalo ngaphandle kwamaphutha kusuka ku- "A" kuye ku- "Z" ...

Ungayihlakulela kanjani kahle?

Ubuchwepheshe obukhula kahle kakhulu be-petunia yile:

1. Umthamo omkhulu.
2. Ukudla njalo.
3. Ukunisela okwanele.
4. Ukususwa kwezimbali ezifiphele.

it lesi sitshalo sithanda inhlabathi evundile, kepha simila kahle nasenhlabathini ejwayelekile yensimu, nezinhlobo ezithile ngisho nasenhlabathini elula. Kepha kungcono ukukhulisa ubuhle endaweni evundile, equkethe i-peat, turf, sand sand, umhlaba onamaqabunga. Enye indlela enhle yokukhulisa ukufaka i-nitrophoska enhlabathini.

Enhlabathini yensimu, uhlaza lwesitshalo luba nejusi futhi ukukhula kwalo kuyashesha, ngoba bayayithanda kakhulu indawo ene-asidi encane.

Ukukhula kwama-petunias kudinga izimo ezikhethekile zokukhanya. Ukhetha izindawo ezikhulayo ezikhanyayo, kepha ama-blooms angabuna elangeni elishisayo. Ukucishwa okuncane kuyadingeka.

Ukukhanyisa kungenye yezimo eziyinhloko zokukhula kwama-petunias. Ngakho-ke, izindawo ezikhanyiswe kahle ezinezindawo ezimnyama zilungile.

Inhlabathi lapho i-petunia ikhula khona kufanele ibe manzi, kepha ingabi nezikhukhula. Umswakama okweqile uzomisa ukukhula kwawo. Kubalulekile futhi ukufaka umoya enhlabathini lapho isitshalo sikhula khona. Ukukhulisa lezi zimbali akunzima uma ulandela nje izimo zokukhanyisa, ukuchelela nokwakheka kwenhlabathi.

Ngingakwazi ukutshala isitshalo ekhaya?

Ingabe lesi sitshalo singatshalwa endlini? Yebo, kepha kunzima kakhulu kunangaphandle.

Qaphela! Okubaluleke kakhulu, inhlabathi esitsheni esikhulayo kufanele ibe lula futhi idonse amanzi.

Ngakho-ke, kufanele kubhekwe kakhulu umhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzokwanela ukuxuba inhlabathi elula yensimu nenhlabathi ethengiwe kusisekelo se-peat. Ungatshala futhi enhlabathini ethengiwe, kepha ngemuva kokungeza i-hydrogel kuyo. I-hydrogel kufanele ilungiswe kusengaphambili. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-substrate enjalo igcina umswakama isikhathi eside futhi udinga ukuqaphela ngokunisela isitshalo. Amanzi kuphela njengoba omile, ikakhulukazi isitshalo esisanda kutshalwa.

Ukukhulisa ama-petunias ebhodweni noma esitsheni nakho kusho ukukhetha okufanele kwesitsha uqobo ukuze sikhule. Ama-shrub nama-terry petunias adinga amalitha amathathu omhlaba ngesitshalo ngasinye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungatshalwa izitshalo ezi-3 esitsheni esingamalitha ayishumi. Iziqukathi ezinkulu zigcina umswakama isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kungcono ukutshala izitshalo eziningi esitsheni esisodwa esikhulu. Kepha ama-ampelous, ama-petunias ahlaselayo kanye nama-sufinias adinga amalitha ama-5 ngesitshalo ngasinye.

Kufanele kube nezimbobo esitsheni ukuze umswakama okweqile ukhiphe. Uma ukhetha isitsha esingalungile, khona-ke ungafinyelela ubuhle, kepha hhayi isikhathi eside. UPetunias uzoqala akhule, bese bephila ezimweni ezinjalo. Futhi ngeke bakuthokozise ngemivimbo emide futhi evundile nezimbali eziningi. Yiziphi ezinye izizathu ezingaholela ekushodeni kwemibala nokuthi ungayiqeda kanjani esikhulume ngayo lapha.

Kubalulekile ukukhetha izimbali ezifiphele esitshalweni. Izimfihlo zama-petunias akhulayo:

1. Ukukhethwa kwesihlalo - kufanele kube yindawo ekhanyiswe kahle enombane omncane.
2. Umhlabathi - kokubili ingadi ejwayelekile futhi elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile kusetshenziswa inhlabathi ethengwe nge-peat, ngokufaka i-hydrogel, i-turf, isihlabathi esimahhadla.
3. Ukunisela nokondla - nisela amanzi nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi uma ubona ukuthi isigaxa esiphezulu somile. Kuniselwa kakhulu ekuseni nakusihlwa. I-Petunia ayithandi umswakama omile, ngakho-ke unakekele umsele omuhle. Yondla njalo ngamanyolo wamaminerali. Into esemqoka ukuthi iqukethe i-potassium ne-phosphorus - banesibopho sokuthuthukiswa kwezimbali.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha

Ungasabalalisa ngezindlela ezimbili: ukukhula kwezithombo kusuka kwimbewu nokusika.

Imbewu

Le yindlela ejwayelekile yokuzalisa isitshalo, ngisho nasekhaya. Thenga imbewu egobolondweni - kulula ukuyitshala futhi inkulu kakhulu. Okokuqala, silungisa inhlabathi futhi sigcine izinga lokushisa olifunayo ku-22-25^mayelanaC. Sitshala esitsheni lapho kuhlale kunamanzi. Ngaphambi kokutshala, amanzi kufanele abulawe amagciwane ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Yenza inqubo efanayo nenhlabathi; sebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile ukuyibulala amagciwane.

Hlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini omanzi kodwa hhayi omanzi. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, kungcono ukuxuba imbewu nesihlabathi somfula. Okulandelayo, vala isitsha ngembewu ngengilazi noma ngefoyili. Sitshala izithombo ezingeni lokushisa lama-22^mayelanaC. Ukuvimbela inhlabathi ukuthi ingagugi, susa njalo ukufinyela engilazini noma ushintshe ifilimu.

Encwadini. Ungakhohlwa ngokukhanya okuhle. Lapho nje kuvela izihlahlana ezincane nezimpande ziba namandla, ungazitshala endaweni evulekile noma uqhubeke ukhula endaweni yokugcina izithombo.

Bukela ividiyo emayelana nokukhula kwama-petunias. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo:

Ngu cuttings

Ivumela isitshalo ukuthi sikhule ngokushesha okukhulu. Kuthatha ubukhona besitshalo esivele sikhulile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nqamula amahlumela ohlangothini we-petunia. Ngemuva kwalokho ama-cuttings afakwa amagciwane futhi atshalwe ezinkomishini ezincane ezinenhlabathi elula. Sikubeka endaweni enomthunzi. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuswakama kwenhlabathi nokufaka umanyolo ngamanyolo wamaminerali. Ngakho-ke, lesi sitshalo silungiselelwe ubusika. Entwasahlobo, siyitshala emhlabathini ovulekile.

Buka ividiyo ngokusakazwa kwama-petunias ngokusika:

Ukufika kit

• Ukuncoma.
• Amandla okutshala.
• Izibulala-magciwane.
• Izithombo zokutshala.
• Amapayipi amanzi.
• Umanyolo wamaminerali.

Ukulima

Ekhaya

1. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu - silungisa inhlabathi kusengaphambili, siyifudumeze, siyithele esitsheni. Sifaka imbewu esitsheni ngomhlabathi oshubile (ungazifafazi kusuka emhlabathini, kungenzeka zingaphumi). Simanzisa umhlabathi ngenhla. Mboza imbewu ngengilazi noma ucwecwe. Sifaka isitsha endaweni efudumele enokushisa okungu-22^mayelanaKUSUKA.
2. Ukunakekelwa ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokuhluma - avele ngosuku lwesi-5-10. Uma umhlabathi womile, unisele. Okulandelayo, hlanganisa iziqukathi ewindini (ukuligcina lipholile). Faka umoya ngezikhathi ezithile (phakamisa ingilazi noma ususe ifilimu ukuze isikhunta singaveli).
3. Ngena - yenza kuphela lapho ihlumela linezinhlamvu ezifika ezi-3 zamaqabunga. Nisela umhlabathi ngobuningi nangokucophelela udlulisele isitshalo ngasinye ezinkomishini ezihlukene.
4. Ukuqinisa - wehlise kancane kancane izinga lokushisa libe yishumi^mayelanaSikhipha izithombo imizuzu engu-10-15. Siqhubeka nenqubo yezinsuku ezimbalwa, ungakhuphula isikhathi sokuhlala kwezithombo.
5. Ukuncina - sikwenza ngesikele esijwayelekile, cindezela ngokucophelela iphuzu lokukhula leqabunga elitholakala ngemuva kwamashidi ama-4 avela ngezansi. Lokhu kuqeda ukutshalwa kwama-petunias ekhaya. Lesi sitshalo sikhule ngokwanele, siqinile futhi sandisiwe. Manje siyithumela emabhodweni, ezimbizeni, enhlabathini.

Ezindlini zokugcina izithombo

• Ukuhlwanyela imbewu - sithenga imbewu esitolo esikhethekile. Sithenga noma silungiselela i-substrate ngokwethu. Iqukethe i-peat, isihlabathi, umhlaba. Sula konke kahle bese uthele ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Ingxube emanzi igcinwa emabhokisini izinsuku eziningana. Ngaphambi kokugxilisa, sihlanza amabhokisi nge-peroxide noma i-potassium permanganate, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, chitha i-peat ngama-fugnicides. Imbewu ihlwanyelwe ku-peat, ungqimba lwe-peat ebhokisini luyi-2-3 cm futhi luqukethe izinhlayiya ezincane, ezihlungwe kahle futhi ezilinganayo.

  Okubalulekile! Imbewu ayimboziwe ngomhlabathi ukuze ukukhanya kuwele phezu kwabo. Siphinde sinikeze ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe.

  Sihluma ezingeni lokushisa elingu-22-25^mayelanaC. Umswakama odingekayo womoya ungama-95-98%; ukuwunakekela, sihlanganisa izitshalo ngengilazi noma nge-polyethylene. I-substrate akufanele yomile, ngakho-ke sivame ukuyinisela kusuka kwisifutho. Amanzi kufanele afudumele kancane kune-substrate. Ngemuva kokuhluma, yehlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-18-20^mayelanaKUSUKA.

• Iyathatha - sihambisa izitshalo ezinkomishini. Kukuzo kuze kube yilapho izimpande zithatha yonke indawo. Ekuqaleni, izinkomishi zihambisana, kepha njengoba izithombo zikhula, zibekwa eceleni komunye nomunye.
• Ukunisela nokondla - lapho izithombo zicwilisiwe, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-substrate luyoma ukuthola ukuchelela okulandelayo. Ngakho-ke, izinkomishi ziniselwa kanye ngosuku noma ngaphansi kaningi. Kungcono ukuchelela ekuseni nakusihlwa. Sihlanganisa ukugqoka okuphezulu nokunisela.

Imithetho yokunakekela

Ukunakekelwa kwePetunia ngeke kudinge umzamo omkhulu kuwe. Kwanele nje ukulawula ukuchelela nokondliwa kwesitshalo. Udinga ukunisela empandeni yesitshalo ukuze ungalimazi izimbali ezintekenteke. Ngakusasa ngemuva kokuchelela, udinga ukuxegisa umhlabathi ukuze kungaqali uqweqwe. Susa ukhula. Yondla isonto elilodwa emva kokutshala emhlabathini. Sihlanganisa ukuchelela nokondla. Sondla ngamanyolo nge potassium.

Izinkinga, izifo nezinambuzane

Kwesinye isikhathi ungahlangabezana nenkinga njengokuphuzi noma ukomiswa kwama-petunias. Uma ungalandeli imithetho yokunakekelwa, isitshalo singagula:

• okulimaza sekwephuzile;
• i-chlorosis;
• umlenze omnyama;
• ukubola okumpunga.

Zidinga ukubhekana nezidakamizwa ezikhethekile. Kepha kulula ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwabo ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Uma le mithetho ingalandelwa, khona-ke ngaphezu kwalezi zifo, i-petunia ingathinteka izifo zezifo. Alikho ikhambi labo - isitshalo sakho sizofa. Kulezi zinambuzane, izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-aphid, ama-slugs ne-thrips ziyingozi.

Landela imithetho elula yokunakekela ama-petunias, lapho-ke ngeke kudingeke ukhathazeke ngempilo nobuhle besitshalo sakho. Kuyohlale kukujabulisa ngezimbali ezinhle.

Bukela ividiyo: How to Grow Petunias from Seed - Start to Finish. (Septhemba 2024).