Izimo zokubukeka kwezimbali kulamula. Ama-nuances wokunakekelwa nezinkinga zenqubo yemvelo

I-Lemon isitshalo esithandwayo sendlu. Kepha ukuze uthole kusuka kule sitrasi hhayi kuphela uhlaza oluhehayo, kepha nezithelo ezivuthiwe, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezifanele ngalo.

I-athikili engezansi inikeza imininingwane ngezimo ezidinga ukwenziwa ukuze ilamula liqhakaze, izinkinga ezihlangabezana nazo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kanye namathiphu namasu wokunakekela isitshalo se-citrus.

Ukuqhakaza ekhaya

Amalamula avela eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Lezi izihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza, ezikhula kancane ezinamaqabunga acwebezelayo esikhumba. Izimbali zikalamula endaweni yazo yemvelo entwasahlobo futhi zingavunwa ekwindla.

Ekhaya, ukuthola izimbali zikalamula, kufanele kubhekwe izimo eziningi:

• Nikeza ukushisa okunethezeka - kusuka ku-14 kuye ku-27 ° C.
• Ungahambisi isitshalo usiya kwenye indawo.
• Beka eduze kwewindi elibheke empumalanga. Ulamula luthanda ilanga lasekuseni.
• Ukufakelwa kwesihlahla ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
• Ungabeki eduze kwezinto zokushisa bese ufafaza ngokuqhubekayo ukuqinisekisa umswakama owanele (cishe ama-70%).
• Lapho izinambuzane zivela, susa leso sitshalo ngokushesha.

Ngokunakekelwa okunjalo, ulamula uzojabulisa abanikazi bawo ngezimbali ezinephunga elimnandi nezithelo ezinamanzi.

Iqhubeka kanjani inqubo?

Izimbali zikalamula zinobukhulu obumaphakathi, 2-3 cm, ipendwe nge-pastel shades: emhlophe, ukhilimu, obomvana noma onsomi. Iphunga elicashile elibucayi lisakazeka kulo lonke igumbi lapho kutholakala khona isihlahla.

Isimiso nenqubo

Isihlahla esincane sikalamula singaqhakaza onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila, kodwa lokhu kuqhuma kokuqala kungasibulala isitshalo. Ngakho-ke, izimbali kufanele zikhethwe.

Kuqhakaza nini ilamula ekhaya? Izimbali zivame ukuqala ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Inqubo yokuqhakaza ulamula inezigaba eziningana:

1. Lesi sitshalo siphonsa ama-peduncles.
2. Kwakhiwa ama-buds.
3. Amahlumela avuleka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-2-3.
4. Izimbali zenzeka kungakapheli isonto.
5. Amacembe ayawa bese kuvela i-ovary.

Impova yokufakelwa kanye self-impova

Ulamula ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka ingazitholela impova yodwa noma idinga impova yokufakelwa... Umnikazi wesitshalo angafeza inqubo yokuvotela impova okufakelwayo esebenzisa i-swab kakotini noma i-cotton swab. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uthumele ngokucophelela impova kusuka embali eyodwa iye kwenye. Le ndlela yokuvota impova ayiqinisekisi impova yekhwalithi, kepha ingasiza lapho kungekho ezinye izindlela.

Inani lezimbali

Izihlahla zikalamula zikhiqiza izimbali eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa lokhu kuyalimaza isitshalo. Lapho ukhula ekhaya, inani lezimbali kufanele lilungiswe.

Isilinganiso esifanelekile sizoba - 1 imbali yamaqabunga ayi-6-7 aluhlaza, ukuze amaqanda avela kamuva aphenduke izithelo.

Kungani kungekho buds?

Izihlahla zikalamula azihlali zijabulisa abanikazi ngezimbali. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu: kusuka ekunakekelweni okungafanele kuze kube khona kwezinambuzane.

Izinambuzane

Imvamisa, izihlahla zikalamula zisengozini yokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane zesicabucabu, izinambuzane ezilinganayo, imithambo kanye namazeze enhlabathi.

Isicabucabu

Isicabucabu yisinambuzane esincane okunzima ukusibona ngamehlo. Usayizi wethiki ngu-1-2 mm, uhlala phansi kwepuleti leqabunga, imvamisa kuthinta amaqabunga namahlumela angavuthiwe.

Izimpawu zomkhaza:

• Amachashazi amancane akhanyayo emaqabungeni.
• Amaqabunga asongwe anezindwangu zomchilo ngemuva.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokususa umkhaza:

1. Ukufafaza ngesibabule.
2. Ukugeza amahlamvu.
3. Isibani se-ultraviolet.
4. Icubungula amaqabunga ngesisombululo sotshwala.

Izihlangu

Ama-scabbards ayizinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu. Uma zivela esihlahleni, kuvela izingqimba ze-convex oval (cishe u-4 mm). Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane ezilinganayo, kepha zonke ziyingozi ngokulinganayo esitshalweni. Kunzima kakhulu ukususa lesi silokazane ngoba igobolondo laso limbozwe ngesihlangu se-wax esivikela emiphumeleni yamakhemikhali.

Ukubhubhisa izinambuzane ezilinganayo, sebenzisa:

• Amakhemikhali (Aktara, Aktellik, njll.).
• Amanzi anensipho.
• Ukumnika ugwayi.

Ama-Thrips

Ama-thrips izinambuzane ezincane ezincela ubisi ezihlahleni zikalamula. Ukubukeka kwazo kulula ukukubona ngemicu yesiliva eyakhekayo lapho lesi silwanyana sisuka eqabungeni siye eqabunga.

Ukuze ususe ama-thrips, sebenzisa izindlela ezifanayo zokubhubhisa izibungu zesicabucabu.

Amazeze enhlabathi (amazwibela obumba, i-podura)

Enhlabathini lapho kukhula ulamula, ukuqubuka kungavela. Lesi yisinambuzane esincane esimhlophe esishisayo esinomzimba oval. Isilinganiso sobude besikhunta singu-1-4 mm. Ukuvela kwalezi zinambuzane kuhlotshaniswa nokunisela ngokweqile nomswakama owedlulele womhlabathi.

Amabhungane obumba angabonakala lapho unisela ebusweni bomhlabathi noma phansi ebhodweni. Izinambuzane zingagxuma ngenkuthalo ezindaweni ezihlukile. I-Podura idla ezingxenyeni ezibolile zezimpande nezinsalela zezitshalo ezingabolikepha shintshela kalula ezimpandeni ezinempilo, okungaholela ekufeni kwezitshalo.

Ngokulandela imithetho elula, ungavimbela ukuvela kwalezi zinambuzane:

• Gcina imbiza yezimbali ihlanzekile.
• Gwema ukunisela ngokweqile.
• Nikeza amanzi amaningi ukuze amanzi amaningi angami ngesikhathi sokunisela.

Uma amaflegi obumba esevele avela, kufanele:

1. Nciphisa ukuchelela.
2. Faka inhlabathi entsha ebhodweni (2-3 cm) ngenhlabathi entsha.
3. Fafaza isihlabathi esomile phezu kwenhlabathi.
4. Fafaza uthuli lukagwayi enhlabathini ebhodweni.
5. Nisela isitshalo nganoma yisiphi isibulala-zinambuzane, bese kuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-2-3, faka isitshalo emhlabathini omusha.

Izifo

Phakathi kwezifo ezisengozini yolamula, ukonakala sekwephuzile kanye ne-sooty fungus.

1. Ukulimala okwenzeka kamuva (okulimaza sekwedlule isikhathi) ngesinye sezifo ezivame kakhulu ezitshalweni ezisawolintshi. Angasuka kwesinye isitshalo aye kwesinye. Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ngamabala ansundu atholakala emthanjeni ophakathi weqabunga. Amabala angavezwa ngengubo efana nobulembu.

   Uma lesi sifo sesiqalile nje, ukususa izingxenye zezitshalo ezithintekile kuzosiza. Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa i-Albit, Profit noma i-Ordan.

2. Isikhunta sooty kuvame ukuvela ngenxa yokulimala kwesitshalo yi-scabbard.

   Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela isitshalo ukuze kube khona izinambuzane. Uma izinambuzane zitholakele, kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo ngokushesha.

Isithombe sikhombisa ukulimala sekwephuzile:

Isithombe sikhombisa ukhunta lwe-sooty:

Ukwephulwa kokuqukethwe

Izimo ezingafaneleki lapho umuthi kalamula ukhula khona kuvame ukuba yisizathu sokushoda kwezimbali. Amaphutha amakhulu ezimweni zokuboshwa:

• Ukunisela ngokweqile / okunganele. Umswakama womhlabathi olinganiselayo kufanele unakekelwe
• Umhlabathi ophakeme / ophansi pH. Amalamoni afana ne-pH engathathi hlangothi.
• Umanyolo ebusika. Kunconywa ukondla ulamula ehlobo kuphela.
• Ukushisa okuphezulu ekamelweni. Izihlahla zikalamula zithanda amazinga okushisa aphakathi nendawo kodwa umswakama ophezulu.
• Umoya omile uyingozi kulamula
• Ukukhanyisa okunganele.

Yini okufanele uyenze nokuthi ungasenza kanjani isitshalo sikhiphe amahlumela?

Uma isihlahla sikalamula singaqhakazi isikhathi eside, singacasulwa ukuthi siqhakaze ngezindlela ezifakazelwe:

• Ukudalwa kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu:
  1. Ebusika, ulamula ungakhishelwa kuvulandi ukuvusa isitshalo.
  2. Indlela yesibili yokushintsha izimo ukudala ngamabomu isikhathi sesomiso, esithathelwa indawo ukuchelela okuningi.
• Ukwakhiwa komqhele. Izihlahla zikalamula ziqala ukuqhakaza futhi zithele izithelo emagatsheni ama-oda ayi-3-4 wobukhulu. Ukubumba kungacindezela isitshalo ukuba sibe ne-branching esebenzayo kanye nokuvela kwamagatsha adingekayo. Kubalulekile ukwenza ukubumba ngendlela efanele futhi hhayi ukusika amagatsha ezithelo amafushane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucinana kusiza ukwakha umqhele omuhle wesihlahla.
• Ukudonsa amagatsha. Ukuthuthukisa ngentambo nezisindo, unganikeza amagatsha indawo evundlile. Lokhu kuholela ekusheshiseni kwezimbali nokuthela. Amagatsha wamathambo angadonswa ngocingo.
• Izinyathelo zokunakekelwa ezidingekayo. Isitshalo sidinga:
  1. Yondla ngesikhathi (kuphela ngenkathi yasehlobo).
  2. Thela ngamanzi ahleliwe.
  3. Futha njalo ukudala indawo enethezekile evumela isihlahla sikalamula ukuthi sikhule sibe namandla futhi sikhule ngamandla ukuze siqhakaze.

Siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo yokuthi ungasiza kanjani ilamula ukuthi liqhakaze:

Kuthiwani uma zivela?

Izimbali ezisebenzayo zikalamula aziqinisekisi ukuthi amaqanda bese izithelo zakhiwa esitshalweni. Kungani izimbali zingawa? Uma kungekho ukunakekelwa okufanele kukalamula oqhakazayo, izimbali zingawa. Lokhu kwenzeka uma:

• Izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphezu kuka-18 ° C.
• Umhlabathi okhula kuwo umuthi womile.
• Umoya awuswakanyiswanga ngokwanele.
• Lesi sitshalo siniselwa ngamanzi aqukethe i-chlorine.

Kungani kunezimbali kodwa kungekho amaqanda futhi kungekho zithelo? Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwezimbali akusho njalo ukuthi ulamula uzothela izithelo. Izizathu eziyinhloko zokushoda kwezithelo:

• Izimbali ezingapholishiwe.
• Ukwephula izimo zezitshalo.
• Iminyaka yesihlahla. Isitshalo esincane asikwazi ukuthela izithelo.

Lapho ushiya, kubalulekile ukubheka izinto ezinjengezinga lokushisa, umswakama womoya kanye nobudala besihlahla. Uma zonke izimo zihlangatshezwa, ulamula uzojabulisa abanikazi bawo ngezithelo unyaka wonke.

Isithombe

Okulandelayo, ungabona isithombe selamula eliqhakazayo:

Isicelo

Isihlahla sikalamula asigcini ngokubongwa ngezithelo zaso. Ama-inflorescence kalamula asetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ekuphekeni nasemithini yendabuko. Izimbali zikalamula zisetshenziselwa ukupheka hhayi nje njengomhlobiso. EMpumalanga, zisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kophudingi. Amanzi kalamula wezimbali athandwa kakhulu eYurophu. Isetshenziswa njengesisekelo sama-cocktails ahlukahlukene.

Emithini yesintu, kusetshenziswa ama-inflorescence kalamula:

1. Wokuqwasha nobuhlungu bokuya esikhathini.
2. Ngomfutho wegazi ophezulu nokuvuka kwemizwa.
3. Ngokucanuzela kwenhliziyo nobuhlungu esiswini.
4. Lapho ukhwehlela.

Izimbali zikalamula zenziwa ngohlobo lwetiye, zifakwe emanzini amaminerali, kuhlanganiswe namakhambi okwelapha.

Izihlahla zikalamula akuzona izitshalo ezinhle zokuhlobisa kuphela. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kukalamula, ungafinyelela ukuqhakaza okuvamile nokukhipha izithelo. Ukuqhakaza kuzohlinzeka ngephunga elimnandi ekamelweni, ama-inflorescence angasetshenziswa ekuphekeni noma emithini, futhi izithelo ezivuthiwe zingadliwa. Imizamo eyenziwe yokulima ulamula ikhokhelwa kahle ngobuhle bayo nezithelo zayo.