Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke mayelana nokuthi ungatshala nini ama-radish endaweni abamba ukushisa
Kungenzeka ukuthi kukhule ama-radishes unyaka wonke endaweni abamba ukushisa. Ngokuya ngesifunda, bakhetha indawo yokukhosela eyenziwe ngefilimu noma i-polycarbonate, enokushisa okungekho noma okungekho.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe isikhathi esifanele sokutshala imbewu ukuze inhlabathi ifudumale ngokwanele, futhi amahora okukhanya kwemini made kunebusuku. Lo mbhalo uchaza ngokuningiliziwe ubuchwepheshe bama-radishes akhulayo endaweni abamba ukushisa, futhi unikeza izincomo eziwusizo.
Kungani isikhathi esifanele sokufika sibalulekile?
Isithombo yisilimo semifino esingakhula endaweni yokugcina izithombo unyaka wonke. Akudingeki ukunakekela nokuvuthwa masinyane (thola ukuthi isithombo sikhula isikhathi esingakanani endaweni yokugcina izithombo ngaphambi kokuvuthwa lapha). Ngemuva kokuvuna, imbewu entsha ihlwanyelwa endaweni efanayo ngemuva kwamasonto ama-4-6. Ngakho-ke kuvuna kuze kube ngu-4-5 isithombo sivunwa zilandelana.
Izidingo zokutshala emhlabathini ezimweni zokushisa okushisa:
- ukufudumeza umhlabathi ongaphezulu ngo-3-5 cm kuye ku-12-15 ° С;
- isikhathi sasemini eside kuze kufike kumahora we-10-12;
- izinga lokushisa elifanele: + 14-20 ° С emini kanye + 9-10 ° С ebusuku;
- izinga lomswakama ngaphakathi kwama-70-75%;
- Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela kokuqala ukuphela kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli (funda ngezinto ezikhethekile zokutshala ama-radishes endaweni yokugcina izithombo ngo-Ephreli lapha, futhi ufunde ukuthi ungayihlwanyela nini futhi kanjani entwasahlobo lapha).
Ukuhambisana nosuku lokutshala kuqinisekisa:
- isikhathi esiqondile sokuhluma;
- ukuthuthukiswa okugcwele;
- isivuno esikhulu;
- ukugcwaliswa kwezitshalo zezimpande ezinomsoco namavithamini;
- ithuba lokuhlwanyela okulandelayo.
Ukulungiswa kwamazinga okushisa, umswakama kanye nesikhathi sasemini kwenziwa ngokuvula noma ukuvala isembozo sefilimu yokushisa.
Kwenzekani uma utshala isithombo ngesikhathi esingalungile?
Isikhathi sokutshala esingalungile, lapho izimo ezikhulayo zesithombo, ezinjengezinga lokushisa namahora okukhanya kwasemini, zingahlangatshezwa, kungaholela emiphumeleni elandelayo:
- akukho ukuhluma kwembewu;
- ukuvela kwamahlumela amancane;
- ubuthakathaka nobuqili beziqu;
- ukufa kwezithombo;
- ukuqhakaza kwesitshalo;
- ukudubula.
Ukukhulisa isikhathi samahora emini, i-greenhouse itholakala ohlangothini oluseningizimu lwesiza. Ukukhanyisa okungeziwe kufakwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ngezinsuku ezinesithwathwa noma ngamakhaza asebusuku ngokuzumayo, ukushisa okungekuko kuvuliwe, noma kunjalo isithombo sibonakala ngokumelana nesimo sezulu esibandayo.
Imifino ikhula kahle ngakuphi ukushisa komhlaba nomoya?
Uma ufisa, lesi sitshalo sikhuliswa ku-greenhouse unyaka wonke, kepha kunezikhathi ezimbili ezimfushane lapho ukuhambisana nezimo ezinhle kudinga isikhathi esiningi nokusebenza.
Izikhathi ezinhle zifaka:
- ehlobo - kusuka ngoJuni kuya kuSepthemba;
- ebusika - kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari.
Ebusika, kudingeka ukushisa njalo nokukhanyisa okwengeziwe nsuku zonke. Uma i-greenhouse yenziwa ngengilazi noma i-polycarbonate, khona-ke igcina ukushisa okwengeziwe futhi iyivikela eqhweni kangcono (thola ukuthi uzotshala nini ama-radishes endaweni abamba ukushisa i-polycarbonate nokuthi ungayenza kanjani inqubo lapha). Ehlobo, izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-25 ° C. Ukushisa okwandisiwe kunomthelela omubi ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwesitshalo. Isithombo siba buthakathaka ngezimpande ezincane.
Yini enye isivuno esincike kuyo?
Futhi, ukukhula okugcwele nokwakheka kwezithelo ezinkulu kuncike ku:
- i-glaze - inhlabathi akufanele yomile;
- ukukhululeka - akunakwenzeka ukuvumela ukwakheka koqweqwe oluvimbela ukungena komoya-mpilo ezimpandeni;
- ukhula - ukhula luthatha zonke izakhi emhlabathini, zisuswa ngokunisela ngakunye;
- ukwanda kwe-asidi - ithuthukisa ukuvela kwezifo esitshalweni.
Ukunakekelwa kwenhlabathi kuqukethe ukufaka umanyolo ngezikhathi ezithile ngemitha elilodwa lesikwele:
- umquba - 5 kg;
- i-superphosphate - 40 g;
- i-potassium chloride - 15 g.
Umanyolo ufakwa ngesikhathi sokuchelela, amanzi ahlanjululwe athelwa ngaphansi kwempande bese uzama ukungangeni engxenyeni eluhlaza yesitshalo.
Ukuthola eminye imininingwane yokuthi ungawondla kanjani ama-radishes ngemuva kokuhluma, funda i-athikili ehlukile.
Ngisiphi isikhathi ongahlwanyela ngaso ama-radishi entwasahlobo ngokwekhalenda yenyanga?
Lapho utshala imbewu, kufanelekile ukunamathela kumbuso wokushisa kwemvelo nomhlabathi, kanye nokuqapha ubude bamahora emini. Ngokukhanya okuphansi, kuzoba nokukhula okwandayo kweziqongqo kanye nokuqina kwezitshalo zezimpande. Isifunda ngasinye sinosuku lwaso lokufika.
ESiberia
Isikhathi sokutshala esivumayo - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli... Le ndawo ibonakala ngesembozo seqhwa esiningi, esingancibiliki isikhathi eside. Ilanga liqala ukukhanya kuqala ezifundeni eziseduze naseningizimu. Kule ndawo, ukufika kwenziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukushisa okwengeziwe nokukhanyisa kufanele kufakwe ku-greenhouse. Izithombo ezincane ikakhulukazi zidinga ukuvikelwa ebusuku.
Maphakathi neRussia (esifundeni saseMoscow)
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekupheleni kukaMashi. Ngalesi sikhathi, iqhwa liyancibilika cishe esifundeni sonke. Ilanga lokuqala lifudumeza umhlabathi kahle ku-greenhouse. Uma ngesikhathi sokutshala kukhona ilanga elibandayo nelinganele, isikhathi sishintshwa ngamasonto ayi-1-2.
Emaphandleni
Ungaqala ukuhlwanyela kusuka ngo-Ephreli noma ngoMeyi. Kuya ngendawo yesifunda. Ezindaweni lapho kufika khona intwasahlobo kamuva, ukutshala kwenziwa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Abalimi bezimfundamakhwela abanolwazi bacabangela ikhalenda yenyanga. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngokuya ngezinsuku ezinhle:
- Kukholelwa ukuthi ngenyanga ekhulayo, ingxenye yangaphakathi yesitshalo ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ngokuncipha kwenyanga, ukukhula kohlelo lwempande kwenzeka.
- Lapho inyanga isenyangeni entsha noma esigabeni senyanga egcwele, khona-ke ngalesi sikhathi akukufanele ukutshala imbewu.
Izinsuku ezithandekayo zokuhlwanyela isithombo ngenyanga:
- Mashi - 1, 5, 23, 25, 28 no-29.
- Ephreli - 2, 20, 23, 25, 26 no-29.
Kodwa-ke, uma izinsuku ezinezimo ezinhle zokufika zifikile, kepha azihambelani nesikhathi ngokwekhalenda yenyanga, lapho-ke kufanele ugxile ikakhulu kwisimo sezulu esizungezile.
Uma ungakunaki ukushisa okwanele kwenhlabathi, imbewu kungenzeka ingahlumi.
Isikhathi sokutshala ku-greenhouse esishisayo nesingashisi sehluka kanjani?
Cabanga ngezinga lokushisa kwenhlabathi nomoya odingekayo ekutshaleni ama-radish endaweni abamba ukushisa efudumele nengashisi. Ukuze utshale imbewu ku-greenhouse ngaphandle kokushisa, udinga ukulinda izimo ezikahle: lapho umhlaba ufudumala kuze kufike ku- + 9-10 ° С entwasahlobo, kanti izinga lokushisa lomoya ku-greenhouse lifinyelela ku-15 ° С. Ukutshala ama-radishi endaweni yokugcina izithombo entwasahlobo ngokushisa nangaphandle kokushisa nokuqhubeka nokunakekela imifino kuchazwe kwenye incwadi.
Isitshalo sitshalwa endaweni eshisayo eshisiwe ngaphandle kokulinda ukufudumala kwemvelo kwenhlabathi. Ukushisa okufunayo ungakuthola ngokushisa okufakelwayo usebenzisa isitofu esifakwe kuso.
Umehluko phakathi kokukhula endaweni ebamba ukushisa okufudumayo uma kuqhathaniswa nenye engashiswanga:
- ukutshala nokuvuna unyaka wonke;
- ukufakwa kokukhanya okwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi ebusika;
- asikho isidingo sokugxila ezicini zezulu zesifunda;
- ukuvikelwa kwesitshalo emakhazeni asebusuku ngokungazelelwe.
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa okungeziwe kukagesi nezinsiza zokushisa kwenza le ndlela yokukhula ibize kakhulu.
Futhi, ukuze ukhule ngempumelelo ama-radish endaweni abamba ukushisa, futhi unikeze itafula lakho imifino esiphundu unyaka wonke, udinga ukutadisha ukuthi iziphi izinhlobo ezingcono kakhulu ekutshalweni kokushisa.
Ukukhethwa kokutshala ama-radishes endaweni yokushisa evuthayo noma engashisi kuncike esifundeni. Ukuqhubeka kwendawo isenyakatho, kulapho isitshalo sidinga kakhulu ukukhanyiselwa nokuvikelwa emakhazeni. Endaweni evaliwe enezimo ezihlala njalo, ama-radishes akhuliswa cishe unyaka wonke futhi isivuno esiwusizo nesicebile siyaqoqwa.