Ngabe i-begonia ehlala iqhakaza izitshala kanjani futhi iyinakekela kanjani ekhaya nasendle?

Sihlangana nama-begonia amahle hhayi kuphela emafulethini asemafasiteleni, kodwa naseziklabhini zamapaki nemibhede yezimbali. Uthole ukuthandwa kwakhe ngenxa yezimbali zakhe ezikhanyayo, ezinhle, ezifana nama-roses nama-peonies ngasikhathi sinye.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zale mbali enhle, izindlela nezici zokutshalwa kwayo, kuzoxoxwa ngazo esihlokweni sethu.

Futhi, singathola ukuthi yiziphi izinambuzane ezikhonjelwe kuzo. Uzobona izithombe eziningi ezithakazelisayo zalobu buhle.

Umlando wemvelaphi

I-Begonia yathola igama layo kusibongo sesikhulu esidumile saseFrance uMichel Begon, owathi, ohambweni oluya e-Antilles ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17, wathola lesi sitshalo esikhanyayo wasichaza. Namuhla, imbali ikhula ngokwemvelo eMelika, e-Afrika nase-Asia. Kepha ungayikhulisela ekhaya noma kuphi emhlabeni.

QAPHELA: I-Begonia ikhula ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene: ngotshani obukhasa phansi, izihlahla noma ubude, izihlahla eziqondile.

Izitshalo zasendlini zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili - ziqhakaza futhi zinqabile... Amahlamvu wokuhlobisa ama-begonias anombala wokuqala kanye nokuma kweqabunga.

Izinhlobo zezimbali zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amakhulu amathathu: i-tuberous, evergreen, ne-bushy. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-900 zama-begonias emhlabeni futhi cishe izinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili zale mbali enhle ziyaziwa.

Incazelo ye-Botanical

I-Begonia Elatior iyimifino engapheli, inhlobonhlobo ye-hybrid ehlala iqhakaza. Ngenxa yokuqhakaza kwawo unyaka wonke kanye nokuzithoba okwanele ezimeni ezizungezile, namuhla kubhekwa njengembali ethandwa kakhulu yokukhula engadini nasekhaya. Konke ubuqili nobuncane bokunakekelwa kwe-Elatior begonia kungatholakala kule ndatshana.

Lezi zinhlobo zihlukaniswa ngobukhulu, obufana nesimo sama roses noma ama-anemones, izimbali ububanzi obungu-3-5 cm ngemibala ekhanyayo: kusuka kobomvana obuphaphathekile, obumhlophe, ophuzi no-olintshi kuya kobomvu obukhanyayo nosalmon shades. Le mbali ayivamile ukufika kuma-40 cm ukuphakama.... Esiqwini sayo esikhulu, esiqinile, amaqabunga aminyene, ahlanganisiwe ayakhula, afane nezinhliziyo ezisesimweni sawo, ahlotshiswe ngemiphetho enamanzi.

Amapuleti angaphandle amapheshana aluhlaza okotshani. Ingxenye yazo engaphansi ibuthuntu, ilula futhi inemithambo kahle. Izimpande zale begonia azithuthuki kahle, ngakho-ke izimbiza ezingajulile ezinobubanzi obulingana nokuphakama zilungele ukukhula.

Isithombe

Ngezansi ungabona isithombe sesitshalo esiqhakazayo:

Ungatshala nini futhi kanjani isitshalo esitolo?

Uma u uthenge i-Elatior begonia esivele iqhakaza esitolo, lapho-ke awukwazi ukuyifaka ngokushesha kwelinye ibhodwengoba imbali ingafa. Udinga ukulinda kuze kufike ukuphela kokuqhakaza futhi kuphela ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sizuze ubukhulu nezimpande zaso ziqale ukuvela emigodini yokukhipha, ungaqhubeka nenqubo yokufakelwa kabusha. Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule:

• Njengoba lesi sitshalo sibucayi kakhulu, lapho utshala kabusha, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu uhlelo lwempande, ngoba izimpande ezonakele "zingavuvukala", ziqale ukubola futhi ekugcineni isitshalo sizofa.
• Umxube wokubhaka kufanele uphelele kulolu hlobo oluthile lwe-begonia. Ungayithenga khona manjalo kanye nembali esitolo esikhethekile, noma uzilungiselele yona ekhaya. Ukwakheka kwayo: umhlaba onamaqabunga (ibhodwe elingu-1/2), i-peat ne-humus ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo.
• Ngemuva kokufakelwa ngempumelelo, isitshalo sizodinga ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokunakekelwa okuphelele.

Ukwakha indawo elungile

Izimbali zaphakade ze-begonias azihluzi kakhulu futhi azidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi... Kepha ukuze izimbali zazo zihlale unyaka wonke, zidinga ukondliwa okufanele, ukukhanyiswa okufanele nokuvuselelwa njalo eminyakeni embalwa. Kokubili isazi sezimbali esinokuhlangenwe nakho nesisanda kuqalwa singakwazi ukubhekana nalezi zindlela.

Ukukhanyisa

Izinhlobo eziyizimbali zaphakade zijwayela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokukhanyisa, ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile nelikhanyayo, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukubeka izimbali emafasiteleni asentshonalanga nasempumalanga. Ebusika, ngenxa yokushoda kokukhanya kwemvelo ngaphandle kwewindi, kunconywa ukuthi unezele izitshalo ngamalambu akhethekile e-ultraviolet.

OKUBALULEKILE: Phakathi nayo yonke inkathi yokuqhakaza kwe-begonias, kungcono ukuthi ungaphenduki noma unyakaze, ngoba ushintsho olungazelelwe emthonjeni wokukhanya lungabangela ukwehla kwamahlumela nezimbali.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali, ama-begonia akufanele aguqulwe futhi asiwe kwenye indawo. Ngokushintsha okukhanyayo ekukhanyeni, isitshalo singaqala ukungabi nalutho, sishiye amahlumela nezimbali.

Ithempelesha

Ama-begonias aqhakaza ngokunethezeka awathobeki emvelweni. Kepha ebusika, akukanconywa ukweqa izinga lokushisa ekamelweni ngama-degree ayi-18-20. Nganoma yisiphi esinye isikhathi sonyaka, izitshalo zizivumelanisa ngokuphelele nezimo zokushisa kwegumbi, ngenkathi izinga lokushisa elifanele kakhulu libhekwa njengama-degree angama-20-25.

Iningi lama-begonia okuzalaniswa akuzona izimbali zasendlini kuphela. Zijwayela kahle ukuqhakaza kuvulandi noma embizeni engadini. Kepha njengoba i-begonia ingazithandi izinguquko ezingazelelwe ekushiseni nasezinhlakeni, kusengcono ukuyivikela kulokhu, ungavumeli ikhoma lobumba elinezimpande zezitshalo ukuba ligcwale.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, imbali enhle ingaqala ukwenza futhi ichithe ama-buds ayo, okuzoholela ekuqedeni umjikelezo wezimbali isikhathi eside.

Ukunisela nomswakama womoya

Ngezimbali ezinde neziningi ze-begonias, kuyadingeka ukulawula okuqukethwe komswakama we-substrate yabo. Nisela njalo, kodwa ngokulinganisela.ukuze inhlabathi ihlale imanzi, kepha akukho ukugcwala ngokweqile, okuyingozi ezimpandeni zabo. Amanzi asetshenziswa athambile kuphela futhi ahlalisiwe.

Amazinga okunisela kufanele afane nasekamelweni. Ngokuqhakaza okumangalisayo nokuhlala isikhathi eside, kufanele kube nomswakama omoya owanele ekamelweni.

Kepha kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuvunyelwe neze ukufafaza zonke izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo.

ICEBISO: Ukwandisa umswakama ekamelweni, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-pallets anamatshe amatshe amancane, noma ukufaka ama-humidifiers.

Ungondla kanjani?

Ngaphandle kokuthi lolu hlobo lwe-begonias luqhakaza kakhulu futhi luningi, aludingi ukondliwa njalo. Ukwedlula kosawoti bamaminerali kungaba nomthelela omubi enhlalakahleni yabo, ngakho-ke umanyolo kufanele usetshenziswe ngokulinganisela, kugcinwa uhlelo lokuphakelwa.

Kuhle kakhulu ukondla izimbali ze-begonias kanye njalo emavikini amabili.... Zalisa izitshalo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wesizini yazo yezimbali nokukhula. Ukondla, yomibili imanyolo ekhethekile ehloselwe izitshalo eziqhakazayo kanye nemixube eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganiswe nezinto zokulandela umkhondo kufanelekile. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-begonias ayikwazi ukuma isibabule.

Kodwa i-manganese ne-boron ekwakhiweni kokondla kuzoba nomthelela omuhle esimweni sezimbali.

Ukuncina nokuvuselela amandla

Esikhathini sentwasahlobo-ekwindla, kubalulekile ukunciphisa amahlumela amade kakhulu ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ususe izindawo ezibuthakathaka nezonakalisiwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza lokhu, ngoba izimbali ezifiphele namaqabunga abunile kususa amandla esitshalo esincane. Ukwakha isihlahla esinempilo futhi esiluhlaza, okokuqala le nqubo yenziwa lapho imbali ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungu-7 cm.

Ukufika

Ukuhlwanyela i-Elatior begonia ehlala njalo kufanele kuqale ngoJanuwari (uzofunda ngokusakazwa kwe-Elatior begonias ngezimbewu nokusika lapha). Njengoba lolu hlobo lombala lunezimbewu ezincane kakhulu, zingahlanganiswa nesihlabathi esikhethekile sokuhlwanyela lula. Amabhokisi angajulile alungele imbewu ekhulayo. Inqubo yokwehla imi kanje:

1. Ingxube yenhlabathi kufanele ithambe, ibe nomsoco, ibe namaminerali amaningi. Imbewu kufanele ihlakazeke ngaphezu kwenhlabathi ehlanganisiwe futhi enomswakama ngokwanele. Akudingeki ukuthi kungcwatshwe imbewu.
2. Ukuze imbewu ihlume kahle, idinga umswakama owanele endaweni ezungezile. Kulokhu, amabhokisi ambozwe ngekhava yengilazi noma ucwecwe.
3. Inhlabathi eyomile ku-greenhouse kufanele ifafazwe ngezikhathi ezithile ngebhodlela le-spray. Ungaphinda uthele amanzi emathileyi ngezithombo ukuthola umswakama owengeziwe.
4. Ngemuva kokuhluma kwembewu, ingilazi iyasuswa. Umswakama owengeziwe awusenakugcinwa.
5. Cishe cishe isonto, amahlumela anezigaxa zomhlaba kufanele atshalwe ezinkomishini ezihlukene. Futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili ezinye, izitshalo sezikulungele ukutshalwa endaweni ehlala njalo ezimbizeni.

Ungafunda kabanzi ngokusatshalaliswa kwama-begonias ahlala eqhakaza ngembewu, kanye nangokusikwa, kule ndatshana.

Kungani i-Elatior ingaqhakazi?

• Ukukhanyisa okungalungile... Ama-begonias aqhakazayo athanda ilanga, kepha imisebe eqondile iyaphikiswa ngabo. Emthunzini, futhi, lesi sitshalo siyokwenqaba ukuqhakaza.
• Ukuntuleka komswakama... Ekamelweni elomile ukuswakalisa umoya, udinga ukubeka iziqukathi ezengeziwe ngamanzi noma ngogesi bakagesi.
• Izinga lokushisa elingakhululekile... Ukuze uthole intuthuko efanele, i-begonias idinga umbuso wokushisa ofanele. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo - 20-23 ° C, ebusika kungabi ngaphezu kuka-20-23 ° C.
• Okusalungiswa... I-Begonia kumele ivikelwe emisakazweni ebandayo ebandayo yomoya.
• Ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba... Ukugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi esifanele nenhlabathi ekhethwe kahle ekuqaleni kuzosiza ukugwema ukuntuleka kwezimbali.

Izifo nezinambuzane

1. Isikhunta se-Powdery... Isifo sefungus esibonakala ngokuqhakaza okumhlophe esiqwini nasemacembe esitshalo. Izimbali aziqhakazi futhi zome. Iyazibonakalisa ngesikhathi somswakama omkhulu ezinsukwini ezinamafu ekwindla nasebusika ngenxa yokwakheka kokuncipha kwethonsi emaqabungeni.
2. Ukubola okumpunga... Isikhunta sokubola okumpunga sithinta sonke isitshalo: izimbali, izithelo, amaqabunga, amagatsha namahlumela. I-bacterial Spot Ibonakala ngokuvela kwezindawo ezinamanzi emaqabungeni. Amaqabunga nezimbali ziba mnyama futhi zife.
3. I-Nematode... Izikelemu ezimhlophe ezifuthelayo ezikhubaza izilimo eziyizigaxa zesitshalo. Izicubu ezimbali ezithelelekile ziyavuseleleka, zibole bese ziyafa.
4. Isicabucabu... Isinambuzane esiyingozi kakhulu esivela emakamelweni afudumele futhi omile. Izibungu nabantu abadala bahlala ngaphansi kwamaqabunga e-begonia neziqu zawo, beluka yonke into ngezindwangu zomhlanga, lapho bebeka khona amaqanda abo. Umkhaza udla ubisi lwesitshalo, olubangela ukufa kwezimbali.
5. I-Aphid... Uhlala emakoloni amakhulu, elimaza zonke izingxenye ezincane zembali. Sanda ngokushesha okukhulu, sidla ubisi lwesitshalo, sisigoqe futhi sisonakalise. Isikhathi sokuzalana kwalesi sifo singena entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.

Ngezansi kuvidiyo ungabona ukuthi ungakhula kahle kanjani futhi unakekele ama-begonias ekhaya.

Isiphetho

I-begonia yaphakade ingumhlobiso omuhle wekhaya noma ingadi yakho. Muhle futhi umnene. Izinhlobonhlobo zayo zezinhlobo ngeke zishiye noma ngubani ongazi lutho ngezimbali eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kuyinjabulo yangempela ukunakekela imbali eyodwa noma umbhede wonke wezimbali, futhi ngaphandle kokungabaza, uzothola imizwa eminingi emihle nemizwa enhle enikezwa yilesi sitshalo esimangalisayo.