Amathiphu wabalimi bezimbali ze-novice: ungawanakekela kanjani ama-geraniums anephunga elimnandi? Imbali isithombe

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Njengomphumela womsebenzi wokuzalisa osebenzayo wokuzala inzalo yalesi sitshalo, izinhlobo eziningi zitholakele.

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingama-400 zama-geraniums ezihlakazeke emhlabeni wonke, i-geranium enephunga eligqamile ayiveli ngokubukeka kwayo kokuhlobisa, kodwa ngohlobo lwamaphunga aqhubekayo. Ezimweni ezifudumele, ama-herbaceous perennials atshalwa ezingadini nasemasimini. Ezingxenyeni zaseRussia, i-geranium enephunga likhula ezimeni zasendlini.

Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabalimi, izinhlobo ezintsha ezingapheli ziye zavezwa, zisabalalisa amaphunga angaphezu kwe-150. Ngabe lesi sitshalo siqhakaza noma cha?

Esihlokweni esingezansi, sizophendula imibuzo ngokunakekela ama-geraniums ekhaya, nokuthi luhlobo luni lwembali.

Yini?

I-geranium enamakha ingeyomndeni wakwaGeraniev. Izwe lesitshalo liyiNingizimu Afrika. Itholakala eSouth Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe. Ukusuka ezwenikazi eliseningizimu, amatilosi amaNgisi aletha lesi sitshalo eYurophu emuva ngekhulu le-17. AmaGeranium asekhulile eGreat Britain, izizinda ezinkulu kunazo zonke zeminyaka ezimnandi ezinamakha zenziwe lapha. Isihlahlana esinuka kahle safika eRussia ngekhulu le-17 kuya kwele-19. Kwakutshalwa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zezicukuthwane.

Esifundazweni saseKapa seNingizimu Afrika, isihlobo esiseduze se-geranium enamakha sisabalele - isitshalo esinjengephunga elimnandi noma elimnandi (elimnandi) i-pelargonium (Pelargonium odoratissimum). Uzofunda kabanzi nge-geranium enephunga lapha, futhi ufunde ngezici zezinhlobonhlobo zamakamelo lapha.

Ukusabalala kwama-geraniums emhlabeni wonke kwasizwa ukungathobeki kwawo nokuzivumelanisa nezimo zendawo. Lesi sitshalo esinuka kamnandi sitshalwa ezimbizeni naseziqukathi. Ngenkathi efudumele, isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amasimu, izindlela, ama-mixborder, imibhede yezimbali.

Izimpande eziyizigaxa. Izimbali zincane, zimhlophe, ziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence. Amaqabunga ambozwe izinwele eziningi ezinosilikaokuthi uma kuthintwa kukhiphe iphunga le-apula-mint eliqhubekayo.

Incazelo yokubukeka

I-geranium enamakha isihlahla esinezihlahla ezingapheli esikhula size sifinyelele ku-1 m. Uhlelo lwempande lukhule kahle. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, ahlukaniswe ngomunwe. Izimbali zincane, zinombala okhanyayo (omhlophe, obomvana). Zinezikhala ezinhlanu, ikakhulukazi eziqhakaza izimbali, kaningi ezine-inflorescences. Ngabe iyaqhakaza noma cha? Ezinye izinhlobo aziqhakazi ekhaya iminyaka, zigcinelwa ukubukeka kokuhlobisa kwamaqabunga nephunga elimnandi. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kuvela isithelo - ibhokisilapho imbewu ivuthwa khona.

Lesi sitshalo sikweleta iphunga laso elingajwayelekile kwizindlala ezincane ngaphandle nangaphakathi kwamaqabunga. Zibukeka njengezinwele ezinhle. Izindlala zigcwele uwoyela obalulekile. Iphunga lisakazeka ngokuthinta amaqabunga. Umoya ungawuvusa, futhi uma uwugcoba ngezandla zakho, kuzovela iphunga eliqhubekayo le-rose, ulamula, isinamoni noma i-mint. Lokhu akuyona yonke inhlobonhlobo yamakha aqhamuka ngabafuyi.

Imininingwane. I-geranium enamakha isakaza ama-phytoncides egumbini, anemiphumela elwa namagciwane futhi athuthukise ukulala. Amaqabunga awo aqukethe owoyela ababalulekile, ama-flavonoid, ama-organic organic namanye amakhemikhali asetshenziswa kwezokwelapha, amakha nokupheka.

Sibhale ngezinto zokwelapha nokuphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwe-geranium enephunga kule ndatshana.

Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezithandwayo nezithombe zezinhlobo

Lawa aqhelelene nawo wonke amakha, ungathola izinhlobo ezinephunga lezithelo, izinaliti, upelepele, ukhukhunathi, ujinja noma umhlonyane.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-geranium enephunga zihlukile ngephunga, ukuma kweqabunga, izithunzi zezimbali. Ezinye zazo zazalwa emakhulwini eminyaka adlule:

"ILady Plymouth" - enye yezinhlobo zokuqala ezavezwa eGreat Britain (1852). Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, ahlukaniswe, eceleni konqenqema olumhlophe. Izimbali zizodwa, zincane. ILavender. Iphunga njenge rose.

"I-Royal Oak" - Amaqabunga aqoshwe, aluhlaza anezindawo ezinsundu. Izimbali zinombala opinki ngokushaywa imivimbo ye-burgundy. Iphunga livutha ihlathi.

"I-Peppermint ebabayo" - isitshalo sikhula kahle ezimweni zasendlini. Amaqabunga aqoshiwe, aluhlaza okotshani, izimbali ezincane ezibomvana. Isakaza iphunga elinamandla le-mint.

I-Apple Cider, i-Apple Fringet - zisetshenziswa iphunga apula. Izihlahla zihlangene, amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani ngamaphethelo oketshezi. Izimbali zimhlophe noma zibomvana ngokukhanyayo.

"UChariti", "iLemon Rose kaRobert" - okuhlukile kwalezi zinhlobo ingxube yokuqala yephunga likalamula-pink. Amaqabunga makhulu, aluhlaza.

Imithetho yokuqukethwe namathiphu

Ama-geraniums anamakha atshalwa ezimbizeni noma ngaphandle. Izitshalo ekhaya zingubunzima obuncane, kepha ama-geraniums asemgwaqweni adinga ukutshalwa kabusha njalo lapho kuwa. Ngaphandle kwesitoreji sasebusika, izofa ngenxa yamakhaza. Uma i-geranium itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, ifinyelela usayizi omkhulu ehlobo. Ubunzima buvela lapho kufakelwa kabusha.

Isincomo. Abalimi abanesipiliyoni bancoma ukuthi bangcwatshwe emhlabathini ngebhodwe. Lokhu kuzokusindisa ezinkingeni ekwindla. IGeranium idinga umoya ohlanzekile, ngokushesha iyakhishwa iye kuvulandi noma ithala. Ngenkathi ebandayo, kungakuhle ukufaka umoya egumbini.

Ungasikhetha kanjani isihlalo?

Isitshalo esijwayele ilanga lase-Afrika sidinga ukubekwa endaweni ekhanyiswe kakhulu. Lolu uhlangothi olungaseningizimu efulethini. IGeranium ayikwesabi ukukhanya kwelanga, kepha lapho kushisa kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlangu sokuvikela ukuvikela amahlamvu ekushisweni. Ebusika, ukukhanya okwengeziwe kuyadingeka ngamalambu. Isihlahla sikhombisa ukungabi khona kokukhanya ngamahlumela alinganisiwe nombala ophaphathekile wamaqabunga.

Hlobo luni lomhlabathi olulungile?

I-geranium enamakha idinga inhlabathi engathathi hlangothi elula. Ungathenga ingxube yenhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo ehloselwe ukukhulisa lezi zitshalo (Ingadi Yezimangaliso "iGeranium"). Inhlabathi iqukethe inani elanele lesihlabathi nezakhi zomzimba. Ngokuvamile ngokukhula okungapheli, inhlabathi ilungiswa ngokuzimela... Kufanele iqukathe izinto eziningana:

umhlaba onamaqabunga;
isihlabathi;
humus.

Izithako zithathwa ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, umhlaba kufanele ubulawe amagciwane - ushiswe kuhhavini, uphathwe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate.

Iphunga elimnandi ama-geraniums atshalwe ezimbizeni ze-ceramic zobubanzi obuncane... Ubumba olunwetshiwe kufanele luthululwe ezansi ukuthola amanzi. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwa kabusha lapho izimpande zigcwalisa isikhala sonke. Ibhodwe elisha kufanele libe ububanzi obungu-2-3 cm.Isikhathi esikahle sokwenza lokhu kungukuqala kwentwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, i-geranium ayidingi ukondliwa kuze kube izinyanga ezimbili.

Umkhandlu. Izimpande eziphuma emigodini yokudonswa kwamanzi ebhodweni zizosiza ukunquma ukuthi ungatshala nini futhi.

Imithetho yokunakekela

I-geranium enamakha ayithandi amazinga okushisa aphezulu, ehlobo kukhululekile ngo-18-25 °, kanti ebusika - ngo-14-15 °. Lesi sitshalo sikwazi ukudala indawo yokugcina umswakama emaqabungeni nasesiqu, ngakho-ke asidingi ukuchelela njalo. Inhlabathi iswakanyiswe ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba oluphezulu selomile. Ehlobo - kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Ebusika, ukuchelela kuncishisiwe. Esikhathini esibandayo, ukuminywa kwamanzi kuholela ekubola kokhololo wezimpande.

Lapho ufaka ukugqoka okuphezulu, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ubuningi be-nitrogen bukhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga, kepha kunciphisa iphunga. Ukutshala ama-geraniums kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Uma usebenzisa amalungiselelo ayinkimbinkimbi, isilinganiso esinconyiwe sihhafu. Izinto eziphilayo azithathwa kahle yisitshalo, kungcono ukusenqaba. Izimbali eziluhlaza zenziwa ngokusungulwa kwe-phosphorus ne-potassium. Ebusika, ungenqaba ukondla.

Ukufeza izimbali eziningi nokuma kwesitshalo okuhlangene, ukuthena kuyanconywa njalo entwasahlobo. Shiya amahlumela angaphezu kwamathathu ekukhuleni konyaka. Ehlobo, amahlumela akhonjiwe, okwenza isimo sehlathi esifunayo. Ukunakekelwa kuqala ngokuqala kokuthuthukiswa kwe-geranium kusuka kuma-cuttings. Ngaphandle kokuthena, isitshalo siqala ukukhula, kutholakala umvini omude.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-geranium enamakha iyamelana nezifo, isizathu esiyinhloko sokuvela kwazo ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Umswakama ophakeme kanye ne-asidi ephansi yenhlabathi kuvusa izifo zokukhunta. Isiqu, impande kanye nokubola okumpunga kuthinta isitshalo lapho siniselwa kakhulu.

Imbangela yalesi sifo yizinhlamvu zefungalisakazeka endaweni enomswakama. Ukubola kwezimpande kuthambisa izimpande, ukubola kwesiqu kuthinta ama-petioles, kuwenze abe mnyama futhi akhale. Ukubola okumpunga kuvela njengoqwembe lwamaqabunga nakuma-peduncles. Ukwelashwa, kusetshenziswa isikhunta: iFundazol, iFitosporin-M, iTopazi, iGamair. I-Baktofit. Ku-cuttings, ukubola okumnyama akulashwa. Kungcono ukubhubhisa isitshalo esinegciwane. Hlanza inhlabathi.

Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu emoyeni, izibungu zingahlala emaqabungeni. Izinambuzane zicashe ngaphansi kwamaqabunga. Bahlaba futhi bamunce ujusi onomsoco. Ishidi liba namabala, lome futhi ligobeke. Uma kutholakala izimuncagazi, isitshalo siphathwa ngensipho. Ukwakheka kushiywa amahora ama-2-3, bese kugezwa ngamanzi. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu, kudingeka amakhemikhali: Karbofos, Karate Zeon, Fitoverm, Antiklesch.

Izinambuzane zaseGeranium zifaka ama-thrips nezimpukane ezimhlophe. Izicupho ezinamathelayo zilenga kubo ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Izitshalo ezithathelwanayo ziphathwa ngama-insecticide: Aktara, Aktellik, Confilor.

Izici zokuzala

Ukusabalalisa kweGeranium kwenzeka ngezindlela ezintathu:

ukuhlukanisa isihlahla;
ukusika;
ukutshala ngezimbewu.

Indlela elula nephumelela kakhulu ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele ukusika. Ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine zonke izakhiwo zesitshalo esingumama. Kukhethwa isiqu se-apical esinempilo esinamaqabunga ama-3-4 ukukhiqizwa. Ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele kwenzeka emanzini noma ngqo emhlabathini.

I-petiole esikiwe kufanele ilale phansi okungenani amahora amabili ngaphambi kokutshalakuze kuphole isilonda. Ngemuva kwalokho icwiliswa isikhashana ku-Kornevin (isikhuseli sokukhula). Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele ivuleke, iphefumuleke. Inketho enhle ingxube ye-1: 1 yenhlabathi yendawo yonke ne-perlite. I-petiole iba nezimpande emavikini ama-2-3.

Ukuyinakekela kulula:

ukukhanyisa okusakazekile;
ukuchelela ngezikhathi ezithile.

Umkhandlu. Isikhathi esihle sokuzalisa ama-geraniums aneziphungulo ezinamakha ngoMashi.

Isitshalo esisha esikhule ngokusikwa siqala ukuqhakaza ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ukwehlukaniswa kwesihlahla sikamama nakho kwenzeka entwasahlobo. Iyakhishwa ebhodweni futhi ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye eziningana, ngayinye enezimpande zayo namahlumela. Izitshalo zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene.

Ukusatshalaliswa kwama-geraniums anembewu enamakha kuzodinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo. Ukuhlwanyela, inhlabathi iyathathwa, equkethe i-peat, isihlabathi, umhlaba wesoyi (1: 1: 2). Umhlabathi uphathwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Imbewu ibekwa ngaphezulu bese ifafazwa ungqimba lomhlabathi. Hlanganisa inhlabathi.

Isitsha simbozwe ngengilazi noma i-polyethylene ukudala izimo zokushisa. Isitsha sigcinwa egumbini elinamazinga okushisa okungenani angama-20-22 °. Ngemuva kokuvela, ikhava iyasuswa. Amaqabunga okuqala avela ezinyangeni ezingu-1-2. Izimbali kuzodingeka zilinde okungenani unyaka.

I-geranium enephunga elimnandi ayisona isitshalo sokuhlobisa esilula. Ngenxa yephunga layo elimnandi nelinempilo, kuyasiza ukwakha umoya omnandi endlini. I-Perennial inezindawo zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa ku-cosmetology nakwezokwelapha.

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