Kufanele kube yini izimpande ze-orchid enempilo noma indlela yokunakekela imbali ekhaya?

Kuyaziwa ukuthi izimpande zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yanoma yisiphi isitshalo. I-Orchid nayo iyathinteka.

Kodwa-ke, izitshalo zomndeni we-orchid zikhethekile kakhulu futhi zehluke kakhulu ngesakhiwo kulezo zitshalo esijwayele kuzo.

Kubalulekile ukwazi nokunaka lapho unakekela imbali.

Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ukuthi izimpande ze-orchid ezinempilo zibukeka kanjani nokuthi izinkinga zingaba yini.

Uhlelo lwempande

Sonke siyazi kusukela enkambweni yebhayoloji yesikole lokho izimpande zisebenza ukumunca amanzi nezakhi zomhlabathi... Kepha izimpande zikwenza kanjani lokhu? Ake sibhekisise lonke uhlelo lwale nqubo.

Ukumuncwa kwamanzi ngezimpande kusebenza ngokuya ngesimiso se-osmotic. I-Osmosis iyindlela ama-molecule wamanzi asuka ngayo endaweni yokuhlushwa okuphezulu (ngokwesibonelo, inhlabathi emanzi) iye endaweni yokuhlushwa okuphansi (impande yezitshalo). Ama-molecule ahamba ngaphesheya kwezingqamuzana zeseli ezingena kalula.

Inqubo ye-osmotic yenzeka kungqimba olungaphezulu lwempande, olubizwa ngokuthi i-rhizoderm. Nguye obhekene nokumunca umswakama. Ezitshalweni eziningi, izimpande zimbozwe izinwele zempande ezincane kakhulu ukwenza inqubo isebenze kahle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi nezakhamzimba kufanele ziye kwezinye izingxenye zesitshalo. Okubhekele lokhu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-axial cylinder - ingqikithi yempande, equkethe izicubu zemfundo nezokuziphatha futhi inesibopho sokuhambisa umswakama kuzo zonke ezinye izitho zesitshalo.

Ngaphambi amanzi amuncwa yi-rhizoderma angena ezicutshini zesilinda se-axial, "ihlungiwe" nge-exoderm - ungqimba oluvikelayo olwakhiwe kusuka kumaseli afile we-rhizoderm.

Lo ngumdwebo owenziwe lula wesakhiwo sezimpande zesitshalo esijwayelekile. Kufanele kube yini izimpande zembali enempilo evela emndenini we-orchid, khona-ke sizokuthola?

Izici:

Uhlobo lwezimpande zama-orchid luhlukile - lokhu kungenxa yendlela yokuphila yalezi zitshalo.

1. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-orchid azimile emhlabathini. Zikhula emadwaleni noma kwezinye izitshalo ezizisekelayo, futhi izinhlobo eziningi ezineziqu ezinde nazo ziyaphotha zizungeze iziqu namagatsha. Ungathola ukuthi kungani izimpande ze-orchid zikhula ziye phezulu nokuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka lapha.
2. Njengoba zingagxili emhlabathini, zibuye zibe nendlela eyahlukile yokondla - zithola umswakama emoyeni (emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezishisayo - ezweni lama-orchid - imvula nenkungu zivamile), nezakhamzimba zitholakala kudoti (amaqabunga, amagxolo, i-humus ). Ngasikhathi sinye, ezinye izimpande "zigobhoza" zingene ku-substrate, kanti ezinye zihlala ngaphezulu, "zibandakanyeka" ekubambeni umswakama futhi kuvame i-photosynthesis.

   Kunjalo - izimpande zama-orchid amaningi ziyakwazi ukwenza i-photosynthesis futhi zingasebenza njengamaqabunga!

Ngalezi zizathu, izimpande zama-orchid azidingi i-rhizoderm ethuthukile enezinwele zezimpande. Esikhundleni sakhe indawo yezimpande imbozwe ngendwangu ekhethekile - i-velamen... Uma sikhuluma ngokuqinile, le yi-rhizoderm efanayo, amangqamuzana ayo kuphela awaphili, kodwa i-keratinized; Indwangu kaVelamen inesibindi futhi ifana nesipanji.

Kodwa-ke, amaseli afile awafanele i-osmosis.

Isithombe

Ngezansi ungabona esithombeni ukuthi izimpande ezinempilo ezivela emndenini we-orchid zibukeka kanjani:

Umswakama utholakala kanjani?

Le nqubo ithakazelisa kakhulu futhi kufanelekile ukucatshangelwa iphuzu ngephuzu:

• ngesikhathi semvula noma inkungu, amanzi angena engxenyeni yezimpande, futhi ulwelwesi olomile lwamaseli e-velamen luyavuvukala;
• ama-lamellae - imivimbo yamanzi yakhiwa ezindongeni zangaphakathi zemigodi ye-velamen;
• ama-lamellas ahlangana kancane kancane ngaphansi kwethonya lamandla adonsela phansi nokucindezeleka komhlaba;
• "amaconsi" amakhulu adonselwa ngaphakathi futhi asuse umoya.

Kusukela emigodini ye-velamen, amanzi angena ku-exoderm. I-exoderm kuma-orchid nayo ayijwayelekile: ayiqukethe ngokuphelele izicubu ezifile, kepha inezingxenye zamaseli aphilayo, okuthiwa "amavesi". Amaseli "Okuphuma" bese uletha amanzi kusilinda se-axial.

Kungani izimpande ze-orchid ziyindwangu engavamile futhi, ekuqaleni nje, ungqimba lwe-velamen olungasebenzi?

1. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, inokushuba nobuningi obukhulu, futhi ivikela impande kumathonya angaphandle.
2. Isikhunta kanye ne-microalgae bahlala emigodini ye-velamen, kusiza isitshalo ukucubungula usawoti we-phosphorus, i-potassium nezinye izinto eziwusizo.

Inkomba! Esimweni esivamile, esomile, impande ye-orchid inombala omhlophe wesiliva, futhi lapho iswakanyiswe (ngokwesibonelo, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuchelela) iba luhlaza okotshani. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma uswakanyiswe, ungqimba lwe-velamen luyahamba, futhi ngalo ungabona i-exoderm enama-chloroplast.

Unakekelwa kanjani ekhaya?

Uma i-orchid ivela ekhaya lakho, kufanele uyazi ukuthi yiyo uhlelo lwempande ludinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile:

1. Into yokuqala okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi izimpande zama-orchid zibizwa nge- "airy". Ukusakazwa komoya kubalulekile kubo.

   Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthi i-orchid itshalwe enhlabathini eminyene, futhi ikakhulukazi enhlabathini ejwayelekile - izimpande zayo zizofinyela ngomqondo ongokoqobo wegama. Umhlabathi kufanele ukhululeke ngokulingene, futhi kufanele kwenziwe izimbobo ezindongeni zebhodwe.

2. Uma i-orchid itshalwe enhlabathini eminyene kakhulu, ungqimba lwe-velamen ngeke lwakhiwe ezimpandeni zalo. Ngokunjalo, indlela ejwayelekile yokuthi isitshalo simunce umswakama iba engenakwenzeka. Ukunisela i-orchid ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo akusizi ngalutho - noma ngabe uthela amanzi angakanani, lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukumunca. Amanzi azoma ebhodweni, okuzoholela ekubholeni kwezimpande.

   Abalimi abaningi bathi esimweni se-orchid, kuphephe kakhulu ukubhala phansi kunokugcwalisa ngokweqile - futhi lokhu kunengqondo impela, ngoba emvelweni izimpande zalezi zitshalo azijwayele ukuba semhlabathini ohlale umanzi, futhi uma umbuso wokunisela wephulwa, ziyafa ngokushesha. Ukugwema umphumela onjalo, ngemuva kokuchelela ngakunye, inhlabathi kufanele ishiywe yomile. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-orchid nezakhiwo ze-substrate, lokhu kungathatha kusuka ezinsukwini ezimbili kuye emavikini amabili.

   Inkomba! Ngezimpande zasemoyeni, ukuthambisa okujwayelekile akusizi kangako, ngakho-ke, kaningi, ama-orchid aswakiswa ngokufaka ibhodlela nesitshalo emanzini afudumele cishe isigamu sehora. Le ndlela yokuchelela isondele kakhulu ezimweni zemvelo lapho isitshalo sithola khona umswakama.

3. Izimpande zasemoyeni zibuthaka kakhulu futhi zilimala kalula. Ngakho-ke, uma kunesidingo sokutshala kabusha isitshalo, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela okukhulu.
4. Khumbula ukuthi ama-orchid amaningi anezimpande ezikwazi ukwenza i-photosynthesis. Uma ubaphuca ukukhanya kwelanga, isitshalo sizoqala ukuncipha futhi sibuhlungu. Ngakho-ke, i-orchid kufanele itshalwe ebhodweni elisobala.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abalimi bezimbali bacabanga ngokuzizalanisa kwezinhlobo zabo abazithandayo. Kuvela ukuthi akukho lutho olunzima ekukhiqizweni kwama-orchid. Ngakho-ke, funda izinto zethu zokuthi ungavusa kanjani izinso zilele futhi ukhulise ingane, nokuthi yini i-bulb, i-pseudobulba, ukuthi kungani kudingeka indawo yokukhula nokuthi yiziphi izizathu zokungabikho kwayo.

Izifo nokwelashwa kwazo

I-orchid yimbali exotic, ngakho-ke, ngeshwa, ezimweni ezingavamile ngayo, igula kalula. FUTHI imvamisa izinkinga zivela ngqo nezimpande.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezinkinga ziyabola futhi zome zivela ezimpandeni.

1. Izimpande ze-Orchid ezimweni eziningi kakhulu ziqala ukubola ngenxa yokuchelela okungafanele. Abalimi abaningi be-novice benza iphutha lokuchelela i-orchid ngokweqile, okwenza amanzi ebhodweni anqamuke futhi abole aqala.

   Kodwa-ke, emvelweni, ama-orchid ahlala ezimweni zokushintshwa ngezikhathi ezithile kumswakama futhi, ngesikhathi sokuvela, athuthukise izindlela eziningi eziphumelelayo zokuvikela ukoma. Ngakho-ke, azidingi ukuchelela njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, "izikhathi zesomiso" ezihlelwe ngokuqamba zikhuthaza ukukhula kwezinhlanga zezimbali (ukuthola imininingwane yokuthi ungawunakekela kanjani umcibisholo we-orchid ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, funda lapha). Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi sokulala (ngohlobo ngalunye lwenzeka ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene), i-orchid idinga ukuniselwa kancane.

2. Ukomiswa kwezimpande kungenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukuntuleka komswakama noma ukusha kwamakhemikhali ngenxa yokuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu noma ukukhetha okungalungile komanyolo. Esimweni sokuqala, izimpande kufanele zigezwe ngamanzi athambile ekamelweni lokushisa futhi ziniselwe kahle. Esimweni sesibili, kuzodingeka ukuthi utshale isitshalo emhlabathini onolaka kancane.

Ezimweni zombili izimpande ezithintekile ezingakwazi ukuvuselelwa kufanele zisikwe... Ukunquma ukuthi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuziphi izimo kulula kakhulu:

• izimpande ezibolile zithola umbala onsundu ophuzi, ziba mncane ekuthinteni, ziguquguquke ngendlela engajwayelekile, okusho ukuthi impande ayinalutho ngaphakathi, kusele igobolondo elilodwa kuphela kuyo, futhi akusakwazi ukuyibuyisela;
• izimpande ezomisiwe ziba phuzi, ziqine futhi ziqhekeke (ungazami ukuziphula - lokhu kungalimaza isiqu; izimpande ezomisiwe nazo kufanele zinqunywe).

Okubalulekile! Lapho kubola, kuyadingeka ukusika kusaphila - ngaphandle kwalokho ukubola kuzothuthela ngokushesha ezimpandeni ezinempilo. Uma somile, kungcono ukwenza ngokucophelela, futhi uphathe izindawo ezinqunyiwe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngemuva kokunquma ukuba nembali exotic enjenge-orchid ekhaya lakho, funda ngokucophelela izici zesakhiwo sayo nomjikelezo wempilo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ugweme amaphutha amakhulu, futhi isikhathi osichithe utadisha sizolungiswa ngokuqhakaza okuhle kakhulu.

Bukela ividiyo: Umlalazi Nature Reserve - Featured Resort (Juni 2024).