I-telocactus exotic yobuhle obuyinqaba - incazelo, izinhlobo eziyinhloko ezinezithombe nemithetho yokunakekelwa

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Muva nje, i-telocactus ibilokhu ithola ukuthandwa ngokwengeziwe phakathi kwabalimi bezimbali nabaqoqi.

Ake sicabangele lesi sitshalo ngokuningiliziwe futhi siqonde imithetho yokunakekela imbali, futhi ngokusobala esithombeni sizobona izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zalesi cactus bese siqhathanisa izinhlobo zodwa.

Lo mbhalo uchaza ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokusabalalisa kahle i-telocactus usebenzisa imbewu, futhi ufunde ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungazitshala kanjani kahle lezi zitshalo ezimangalisayo endle.

Incazelo ye-Botanical

I-Telocactus iyinhlobo ephelele yezitshalo emndenini wakwaCactaceae., okubandakanya izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20. Ubuhle be-whimsical kanye nokuzithoba okuhehayo kwalezi zimbali ezingajwayelekile kudala kuzenze zathandwa ngendlela engakaze ibonwe nendawo ethembekile emafasiteleni nasezinhliziyweni zezazi zezitshalo emhlabeni wonke.

Amanye amagama: I-Echinocactus leucacanthus (igama elijwayelekile lesayensi lohlobo ngaphambi kuka-1898) Igama lesiLatini: Thelocactus.

Umlando wemvelaphi: Ummeleli wokuqala wohlobo lweTelocactus watholwa nguWilhelm Karwinsky eduze kwaseZimapan (Mexico) wathunyelwa engadini yezitshalo eMunich ngo-1830.

Kepha, ukuqashelwa okusemthethweni nokufakwa esigabeni esijwayelekile njengohlobo oluhlukile kwenzeka eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu kuphela kamuva, ngenxa yomsebenzi kaBritton noRose. Laba sosayensi bezinto eziphilayo abadumile baphoqa kakhulu imingcele yeThelocactus, bachaza izinhlobo zayo eziningi.

Okwamanje, umsebenzi wokucwaninga uyaqhubeka ngenkuthalo ngaphansi kwe-International Cactus Systematics Group (ICSG), kanti izinhlobo ezintsha ze-telocactus zisatholakala.

I-Morphology:

Isiqu siyindilinga noma siyindilinga, siqinile, sihlukaniswe ngumoya sibe yizimbambo eziningi ezimbozwe ngamatubhu amakhulu. Ukuphakama - kusuka ku-5 cm kuya ku-20 cm Ububanzi - kufika ku-20 cm.
Imisipha ye-Radial imise okwenaliti, icindezelwe isiqu. Ubude - busuka ku-1.5 cm kuye ku-3 cm.Izinsipho eziphakathi kwesinye isikhathi azikho, kepha imvamisa zikhona ngenani kusuka kowodwa kuye kolwesine. Ubude - kusuka ku-3 cm kuye ku-4 cm. Yonke imiqolo inemibala egqamile ngokubomvu-nsundu noma nsundu.
Izimbali zincane kodwa zihlaba umxhwele ngombala. Ngokuvamile - ku-spectrum ephinki, kodwa kunezibonelo ezinemibala ye-shades ephuzi nokumhlophe. Ububanzi bezimbali busuka ku-3 cm kuye ku-9 cm.
Izithelo zincane futhi zicwebezela. Imbewu imnyama.

Ngokuvamile, i-telocactus iyaziwa ngokubukeka kwayo kokuhlobisa nokuhlukahluka okumangazayo... Banesithakazelo esikhulu kusukela ekubukeni kokuqoqwa.

Indawo yokuhlala:

maphakathi nasenyakatho yeMexico;
izindawo zoMfula iRio Grande eTexas (e-USA).

Inkomba. Wonke amalungu ohlobo lweTelocactus ancamela ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinamadwala ezikhaleni ezivulekile noma phakathi kwezihlahlana notshani obukhula kancane.

Ukubukwa okudumile ngezithombe

Uhlobo lwe-Thelocactus lwaziwa nge-polymorphism yalo - izitshalo ezakha zihluke ngokuphawulekayo komunye nomunye. Kunjalo Ukwehlukahluka okudlangile kwenza ukuhlukaniswa kwabo kube nzima kakhulu... Kepha, naphezu kwalokhu, kusenezimpawu ezivamile.

I-Hexaedrophorus

I-cactus eyedwa futhi eguquguqukayo enezici ezibabazekayo.
Isiqu siyindilinga, siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, si-olive noma siluhlaza ngokumpunga ngombala. Ukuphakama: 3-7.5 cm. Ububanzi: 8-15 cm. Izimbambo azicaci kahle, zivela kuphela ezitshalweni zabantu abadala.

Imibhoshongo iyinyama, iyindilinga (i-hexagonal noma i-pentagonal). Ubude - kusuka ku-8 mm kuye ku-20 mm. Imvamisa imigogodla emaphakathi ayihlukaniseki naleyo esabalalayo. Umbala uphuzi ngokubomvu, i-ocher noma i-chestnut. Izimbali zimhlophe okwesiliva noma zibomvana ngokunsomi. Ububanzi - kufika ku-25 cm.

Akudingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, kepha kukhula kancane kakhulu. Idinga ukugeleza okuhle nokuchelela okuningi (kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla). Kubekezelela kalula amazinga okushisa aze afike ku -7 ° C. Kuze kube muva nje, lolu hlobo beluthathwa ngokuthi lusengozini.

I-Bicolor

I-Telocactus bicolor iyilungu lohlobo olwaziwa kakhulu nelidumile. Elinye igama: Ukuziqhenya kweTexas.

Isiqu esiyindilinga noma sihlanganiswe nama-areole aqine kakhulu kuma-tubercles. Izimbambo zi-wavy kancane, zibiziwe.

Igama lohlobo lwe-bicolor lisho ukuthi "bicolor" futhi libhekisela kumbala ongajwayelekile wameva. Zimhlophe ngamathiphu abomvu noma zibomvu ngeziphetho eziphuzi. Izimbali zikhulu, zihluka ngokuqina kwamathoni abomvana ngokububende. Ububanzi - kufika ku-10 cm. Zibukeka zihlaba umxhwele kakhulu.

Isigaxa-esifubeni (amaConothelos)

Isici esihlukile siyisiqu esiyindilinga esinamandla esinezimbambo ezingacacile. Kepha ama-tubercles, ayindilinga noma ayindilinga, abizwa kakhulu. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo - kuze kufike kumasentimitha ayi-15 Ububanzi - kufika ku-25 cm. Ameva ahlukaniswe abe ngusawoti omhlophe onengilazi futhi obomvu ngokubomvu noma nsundu ngokuphakathi.

Izimbali zinombala onsomi noma onsomi, kodwa kukhona futhi namawolintshi. Ubude - cishe ngo-3.5-4 cm. Fipha ngokushesha okukhulu (kungakapheli usuku).

Izinhlobo ezincane zikaLloyd (lloydii)

Lezi zinhlobo zineziqu ezijiyile ezinama-tubercles ayisicaba asezisekelweni zamapholoni Ububanzi besitshalo busuka ku-8 kuye ku-12 cm. Umbala - kusuka kokumpunga kuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Isici sesici ukubukeka okumangazayo kwameva abukhali. Ubude bazo bungaba ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-6. Umbala ubomvu ngokubomvu esisekelweni bese ububomvu klebhu ezingcebeni. Ngokukhula, umbala wawo ufiphala ngokusobala. Imbali enhle ngokumangazayo yombala okhanyayo obomvana ifana nembali ye-lotus.

I-Rinconian (Rinconensis)

Enye i-cactus ehlome kahle. Inezinsipho ezinde eziqondile (kufika ku-5-6 cm). Isiqu asikashadi, siyisiyingi. Ukuphakama - 15 cm, ububanzi - kufika kumasentimitha angama-20. Izimbambo azikwazi ukuhlukaniswa. Ama-tubercles ayindilinga, aboniswa kahle (kufika ku-1.5 cm).

Izimbali zincane futhi azivezi kahle. Ububanzi - kufika ku-3 cm Umbala - kusuka kokumhlophe kuye kupinki.

I-Tula Subsort Beka (Tulensis subspecies Buekii)

Umdolofiya ohlanzekile osayizi omncane kakhulu (kufika ku-15 cm ukuphakama). Ububanzi bomzimba bufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-18.Inombolo nobude bezinhlayiya bungahluka kakhulu. Izimbali zinombala ophephuli, obomvu-nsomi, opinki. Kuhle kakhulu ekukhuleni kwesitsha.

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Izimo zokushisa. Ukushisa okuphelele: + 20-25 ° C. Ebusika, kunconywa ukunciphisa kuze kube ngu-8-15 ° C. Ibekezelela isithwathwa esifushane esifinyelela ku -2 ° C emoyeni owomile.
Ukunisela. Ngesikhathi sokukhula - ukuchelela okuningi. Ebusika - okuqukethwe okwomile. Akudingi ukufafazwa.
Ukhetha umoya owomile futhi akukho okusalungiswa.
Ukukhanyisa. Amahora ama-3-4 elanga eliqondile ngosuku; ukufiphaza ukukhanya kunconywa ngezinsuku zasehlobo.
Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi:
1. i-humus yeqabunga (izingxenye ezimbili);
2. umhlaba wesoyi (1 ingxenye);
3. isihlabathi somfula omnyama noma itshe elihle (1 ingxenye);
4. umlotha noma amalahle achotshoziwe (1 ingxenye).
Ukuthena. Mude kakhulu, awunasimo, i-cacti idinga ukuthenwa.
1. Sika ngokucophelela isihloko se-cactus ngommese ohlanzekile (6-8 cm).
2. Cijisa imiphetho esikiwe kancane (njengepensela).
3. Beka phezulu esitsheni ngamanzi amancane.
4. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezimpande, faka ebhodweni ngenhlabathi enesihlabathi ekhanyayo namanzi.
5. Nisela izinsuku eziyisithupha emva kokutshala.
Umanyolo. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ukondla kwenziwa ngenyanga. Umanyolo uncanyelwa ngokukhethekile ama-succulent, ane-potassium eningi. Akunconywa ukondla isitshalo ekwindla nasebusika.
Ukukhetha imbiza efanele. Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo evamile nemikhuba yefashini, ama-telocacuses adinga indawo yokuhlala eningi futhi awakwazi ukukhula ngokuphelele ezimbizeni ezidayiswayo.
Kunconywa ukufaka isitshalo esitsheni esikhudlwana ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthenga.
Dlulisa. Kubanjwe entwasahlobo, njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3.
1. Beka ngokucophelela i-cactus ohlangothini lwayo, ukuze ungalimazi ameva, esiqeshini senjoloba yegwebu.
2. Hlukanisa ibhola lobumba ebhodweni.
3. Susa ngokucophelela inhlabathi eyeqile engakhonjiswanga kahle uhlelo lwempande.
4. Sisebenzisa injoloba yegwebu, sibeka isitshalo enhlabathini entsha, ehlanganiswe kancane.
5. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, ukuchelela kumiswa izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Ukunakekelwa kwasebusika

I-Telocactus idinga ubusika obupholile nobuzolile:

Ukwehla kancane kancane kwezinga lokushisa kuya kuma-8-12 degrees.
Ukuqedwa kokuchelela nokondla.

Okubalulekile! Vikela isitshalo ekushintsheni kokungakapheli nokushisa.

Ukulima kwangaphandle

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-cacti zingatshalwa ngaphandle ngisho nasendaweni emaphakathi yeRussia. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, kukhona ubuqili obulandelayo:

inhlabathi enamatshe iyadingeka;
indawo ekahle yi-alpine slide, evikelwe emimoyeni ebandayo;
ukungabikho kokhula ngokuphelele;
umswakama womhlabathi olinganiselayo.

Ukusakazwa kwembewu

Imbewu ihlwanyelwa entwasahlobo:

Hlanza kahle bese ukhipha igciwane ebhodweni.
Hlanza inhlabathi ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwesihlabathi ezingeni lokushisa lama-200 - 250 ° C.
Cwilisa imbewu usuku lonke kwisisombululo se-potassium permanganate.
Faka imbewu ebhodweni ngebhulashi. Mboza ngepulasitiki noma ngengilazi.
Beka ibhodwe endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo.

Izici zokukhiqiza kabusha endle:

isitshalo sitshalwa kuphela enhlabathini enesilinganiso esimanzi;
ukuchelela kungenzeka ngesonto emva kokutshala;
i-drainage evela kumatshe amnandi ithululelwa ngaphansi kweziqu;
i-cacti engaxhunywanga kufanele ivikelwe elangeni eliqondile.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ukwephula umbuso wezinga lokushisa, okusalungiswa nokunisela okungafundile kuholela ekwenzeni buthakathaka kwesitshalo nazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo.

Okuvame kakhulu:

ukubola kwezimpande;
mealybug.

Okubalulekile! I-Telocactus iqine kakhulu futhi izimpawu zokuxwayisa kwesinye isikhathi zivela sekwephuze kakhulu.

Izimbali ezifanayo

Ama-Monanthes. Okumnandi okungapheli. Ngaphandle, ibukeka kakhulu njenge-telocactus ngaphandle kwameva, kepha izimbali zitholakala kuma-pedicels amade kakhulu.
I-Argyroderma (Argyroderma). Isitshalo esifushane esifana netshe. Izimbali ze-Argyroderma ziyabukisa ngendlela emangalisayo.
IFaucaria (Faucaria). Isitshalo esinamanzi esinesiqu esifushane. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga kukhona iziqu ezibukhali, ezinjengameva.
IGuernia (Huernia). Inesiqu esifushane, esijiyile esinamazinyo nezimbali zezimo eziyimanga kakhulu nemibala.
AmaLithops. Ngokubukeka kwayo okungavamile nokuqhakaza okungazelelwe okumangazayo, kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "itshe eliphilayo".

Kunzima ukuthola isitshalo esingathobeki ngokwengeziwe ngokukhanya okufanayo nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Ngasikhathi sinye, umsebenzi wokucwaninga uyaqhubeka futhi uya ezingeni elisha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlobo lweThelocactus lusenokuthile okusimangazayo!

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