Izici zokunakekelwa okunzima nokukhula kwe-gloxinia ekhaya

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I-Gloxinia (Latin Gloxinia) isitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside esishisayo. Ibizwa ngegama lodokotela waseJalimane uBenjamin Peter Gloxin. Elinye igama le-gloxinia yi-sinningia (Latin Sinningia).

Kusatshalaliswe eNingizimu Melika (ePeru, eBrazil). Tuberous ovela emndenini wakwaGesnerievye. Amaqabunga avelile, kanti isiqu sifinyeziwe. Kunobunzima obuthile ekukhuleni. Uma ufuna ukutshala isitshalo esihle, kepha izinga lakho eliphakeme liyi-cactus, khona-ke ngincoma ngokuqinile ukuthi ungathathi ukutshalwa nokuzalaniswa kwalesi sitshalo.

Ungazala kanjani futhi ukhule lezi zimbali?

Ukukhanya nokushisa

I-Gloxinia isitshalo esithanda ukukhanya. Kodwa-ke, ngokukhanya kwelanga, uzokufa. Ukukhanya kufanele kuhlakazeke, kanti amahora emini angamahora ayi-12-14. Kubekezelela kabi amazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-17 ° C. Okukhulu kungu-20 ° C. Kodwa-ke, ebusika, ngesikhathi sokuphumula se-gloxinia, izinga lokushisa elingaba ngu-10 ° C liyadingeka. Uma amaqabunga enwebeka kakhulu, khona-ke lesi sitshalo siyashisa, uma siwa ngaphansi konqenqema lwebhodwe, khona-ke kuyabanda.

Indlela elula yokuthola ukuthi ngabe isitshalo sinokukhanya okwanele yini:

Uma amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani amile futhi isiqu sifushane, konke kuhamba kahle.
Uma lesi sitshalo singenakho ukukhanya okwanele, khona-ke wonke amaqabunga nesiqu aqala ukwelulela phezulu.
Uma kunokukhanyisa okweqile, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi asonte emaphethelweni.

Ukunisela

Ukunisela i-gloxinia kuyadingeka kaningi futhi njalo ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa. Kungcono uma amanzi ehlala kancane.

Ukunakwa! Akunasimo lapho amanzi kufanele angene emaqabungeni nasezimbali. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile ukuchelela kwenziwa ku-pallet.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umswakama omningi enhlabathini awufiseleki, ngakho-ke kufanele usule i-pallet, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo lwempande luzobola. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo ezinyangeni ezishisayo, nangezikhathi ezinde phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo.

Ungafunda kabanzi ngokuchelela i-gloxinia bese uyondla kule ndatshana.

Umswakama

I-Gloxinia ithanda umswakama olinganiselayo. Ngakho-ke, ebusika, lapho ukufudumeza kusebenza ngokuzikhandla, futhi isitshalo siniselwa kaningi kunokujwayelekile, inhlabathi ingoma. It (inhlabathi, hhayi isitshalo) idinga ukufuthwa (kepha ungayidluli!). Futhi ehlobo.

Umhlabathi

Kungcono ukutshala kumixube ekhethekile yenhlabathi efana ne- "Violet". Uma wenza inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ngokwakho, kuzodingeka uthathe izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba onamaqabunga nengxenye eyodwa yomhlaba we-peat kanye nesihlabathi somfula. Ukudonsa i-gloxinia kuyadingeka.

Njengoba kunjalo, ungasebenzisa ubumba olunwetshiwe, amagobolondo amaqanda ahlanziwe, ama-styrofoam noma amatshe amancane agezwe eholidini lakho. Uhlelo lwempande lwe-gloxinia lukhula lubanzi. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe amabhodwe angajulile futhi abanzi.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwebhodwe oludingekayo kwi-gloxinia, futhi lapha sikhulume ngohlobo lomhlabathi oludingekayo ukuze imbali.

Umanyolo

I-Gloxinia idinga ukondliwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti, lokhu kwenziwa kanye ngesonto kusetshenziswa uhhafu womthamo okhonjiswe kuphakheji. Indlela elula yokusebenzisa umanyolo owenziwe ngomumo wezitshalo ezinhle eziqhakaza izimbali. Iphinde izalwe ngokwemiyalelo bese kuthelwa amanzi nomanyolo ngqo epanini.

Ukondla lesi sitshalo kuyama ngemuva kokuqhakaza (endaweni ethile phakathi kuka-Agasti - Septhemba). Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, i-gloxinia ayidingi ukuvundiswa, imbali iyaphumula.

Izimpawu ongaqonda ngazo ukuthi kunokushoda kwezakhamzimba:

umbala wezimbali uyaphela;
ukukhula kuyama;
izimbali ziba ezingavamile;
ubude bezimbali buyancipha;
usayizi wefihlekile uyancipha.

Lapha futhi sidinga isilinganiso.

Okubalulekile! Ukweqiwa kukamanyolo akukubi kangako kunokungabikho kwawo.

Isikhathi sokulala

Ngemuva kokuthi isitshalo sesiphelile (ngoSepthemba-Okthoba), ukondla kuyama, ukunisela kuncishisiwe (kufika kusikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini ezingama-30).
Ingxenye esemoyeni yesitshalo iqala ukufa kancane kancane.
Iziqu namaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi omile, nezimpande nazo ziyafa. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sobusika, kuphela izilimo eziyizigaxa ezisala ku-gloxinia.
Zonke izingxenye ezifile kufanele zisuswe. Futhi-ke into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcina i-tuber. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulungile ukuthi ukusika okusha kuvela esikhathini esizayo.
Ngemuva kokukhipha zonke izingxenye ezifile, ungasusa ibhodwe lezilimo eziyizigaxa endaweni emnyama, epholile. Ukushisa 10-15 ° C. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungafaka izilimo eziyizigaxa esitsheni bese usifafaza ngesihlabathi esiswakanyiswe. Gcina ngendlela efanayo nasendabeni yebhodwe elinenhlabathi (indawo emnyama epholile).
I-Gloxinia ayivamisile ukuniselwa ngalesi sikhathi (cishe kabili ngenyanga). Futhi ngemithamo emincane, kuvimbela nje ukuthi izilimo eziyizigaxa zingomi. Ngokunisela kaningi nokuchichimayo, i-gloxinia tuber izoqala ukubola futhi ife.
Ngokuqala kwesikhathi esisebenzayo, imbiza enesitshalo iyiswa endaweni ekhanyayo futhi ukuchelela kuqala ukukhuphuka kancane. Ngemuva kwalokho banakekelwa njengenjwayelo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nesikhathi sokuphumula se-gloxinia lapha.

Dlulisa

Ngemuva kwesikhathi esingalali, i-gloxinia kufanele itshalwe kabusha. Lokhu kwenziwa kanjena:

Izilimo eziyizigaxa ziyasuswa esitsheni / esikhwameni / ebhodweni, kuhlanzwe inhlabathi nezimpande ezindala zisuswe.
Ishubhu sigezwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile futhi konke ukubola kunqunywa ngommese obukhali, kanti ingaphezulu lezingcezu lifafazwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe.
Nge-prophylaxis yokulwa nokubola kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, zimanzise isigamu sehora kusixazululo se-foundationol (ungasebenzisa noma iyiphi i-ejenti ye-fungicidal). Futhi, njengenketho, isisombululo esimnyama esibomvana se-potassium permanganate.
Ngemuva kwalokho, i-tuber isomile usuku lonke.
Ngemuva kwalokho i-gloxinia itshalwe ebhodweni elisha, lapho kuqala khona ungqimba lwamanzi, kanye nongqimba lomhlabathi ngaphezulu kwawo.
Kancane kancane engeza i-substrate bese uyinyathela; ngenxa yalokho, i-tuber kufanele ingcwatshwe ku-substrate kuphela isigamu. I-substrate iswakanyiswe, imbozwe ngocwecwe bese ibekwa endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo.
Kuyadingeka ukukhipha umoya (cishe isigamu sehora) ekuseni nez kusihlwa nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphandle kwefilimu. Lapho amaqabunga evela, ifilimu ingasuswa futhi umhlaba ugcwale.

Uzothola eminye imininingwane ngokufaka i-gloxinia kule nsiza.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

I-Gloxinia isakazwa yimbewu, ukusika amaqabunga kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlukanisayo:

Lapho kusakazwa ngokusikwa kwamaqabunga, inhlanganisela yenhlabathi iyalungiswa bese kugxotshwa isiqu lapho - iqabunga elincane lisikiwe esitshalweni esiqhakazayo nesiqu esingaba isentimitha elilodwa ubude.
Iqabunga elibekwe emhlabathini limbozwe ngembiza futhi izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ku-22-24 ° C izinsuku eziyi-18-25. Ngalesi sikhathi, isithombo kufanele sibe namaqhuqhuva amancane.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ukusikwa kufakwa ezimbizeni ezincane ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ama-5 kuye kwayi-7.
Ukukhiqizwa kwembewu ye-gloxinia kwenziwa kusukela ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari. Le yindlela enzima kunazo zonke. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezitsheni ezibanzi ezigcwele inhlabathi enamaqabunga exutshwe nesihlabathi. Akufanele kuhlwanyelwe ngokweqile, kungcwatshwe emhlabathini noma kufafazwe ngakho.
- Isitsha sembewu kufanele simbozwe ngengilazi futhi izinga lokushisa ligcinwe kuma-22 degrees.
- Emasontweni amabili emva kokuhlwanyela, amahlumela kufanele avele.
- Lapho amaqabunga okuqala evela, izithombo zihleli kude ngamasentimitha amabili.
- Ukukhethwa okuphindaphindiwe kwenziwa lapho kuvela amaqabunga wesithathu. Kulokhu, ibanga phakathi kwezithombo lenyuswa laya kumasentimitha amahlanu.
- Ipiki lesithathu lenziwa ngamaqabunga athuthukiswe kahle - izithombo zifakwa ebhodweni elijwayelekile ebangeni lamasentimitha ayishumi komunye nomunye.

Lapho izitshalo sezikhulile, zidinga ukufakelwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene. Uma ulandela imithetho yokunakekela i-gloxinia, ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisikhombisa, i-gloxinia izoqhakaza.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha i-gloxinia enezilimo eziyizigaxa, ziyasikwa zibe yizicucu bese zifafazwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe. Izinhlayiya ze-tuber zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezincane futhi zikhule ngo-20 ° C. Izitshalo ziyaqhakaza ezinyangeni ezi-4-5.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, i-Gloxinia ayisona isitshalo esilula ukukhula. Kuyadingeka kakhulu futhi abalimi be-novice noma nje abathandi bezitshalo zasendlini bangayilimaza kalula.

Okubalulekile! IGloxinia iyazonda okusalungiswa. Qaphela uma uzoyigcina efasiteleni, ngisho nasekhaya.

Ungafunda ngokuthi i-gloxinia izala kanjani ngeqabunga lapha, futhi lapha sikhulume ngazo zonke izindlela zokukhiqizwa kwayo kabusha.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Amaqabunga ayashwabana, izeluleko ziba nsundu. Umoya ungashisa kakhulu noma womile. Kuyadingeka ukukhulisa umswakama ngokubeka imbiza yesitshalo kuthileyi enamatje amanzi noma ukumboza i-gloxinia ngomkhumbi osobala weglasi.
Amaqabunga aphenduka aphaphatheka, ande, imiphetho ibe nsundu. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukukhanya okunganele. Udinga ukubeka ibhodwe nesitshalo endaweni ekhanyayo, ukhumbule ukugwema ilanga eliqondile.
Ukuvela kwamabala ansundu emaqabungeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuchelela ngamanzi abandayo, izinga lokushisa kufanele lenyuswe.
Ukuqhakaza okumpunga ezimbalini nasemacembe, noma amabala ansundu asabekayo emaqabungeni. Lesi isibonakaliso sokulimala ku-gloxinia nge-powdery isikhutha noma isikhunta esimpunga. Amabala ansundu ikakhulukazi akhombisa ukuqala kokubola okumpunga, ngakho-ke susa izindawo ezinezifo futhi welaphe isitshalo sonke nge-fungicide.
Cyclamen izimbuzane. Incane kakhulu futhi ngeke uyibone injalo nje. Ngabe lokho kunqwabelana okukhulu kwale mikhaza. Ngemuva kwalokho kubukeka sengathi ungqimba lothuli ngaphansi kwepuleti leqabunga, kepha amaqabunga esitshalo aqala ukukhubazeka futhi ajiye, futhi agobe emaphethelweni, amahlumela abunile, amacembe ezimbali akhubazekile, futhi iziqongo zamahlumela ziyoma - konke lokhu kukhombisa ukutheleleka nge-cyclamen mites.
Isicabucabu. Kunzima futhi ukukuqaphela. Futhi uzinza ngaphansi kweqabunga bese udla ubisi lwesitshalo. Ungaqonda ukuthi lesi yisicabucabu ngamachashazi amhlophe aphenduka amabala ansundu ngokusobala, noma ngewebhu elincanyana (kepha bese ukutheleleka kusesigabeni esinamandla).

Izinambuzane ezijwayelekile zeGloxinia:

i-whitefly;
isihlangu;
isicabucabu
mealybug.

Ukulwa nalezi zinambuzane, kusetshenziswa amalungiselelo akhethekile okubulala izinambuzane (noma kunjalo, khetha ngokucophelela, i-gloxinia izwela kakhulu kunoma iyiphi i-chemistry!). Uma lesi sitshalo sinezi zinambuzane, khona-ke kufanele sihlukaniswe futhi amaqabunga neziqu kufanele ziphathwe nge-infusion kagwayi noma ngamanzi anensipho.

Ungafunda ngokungeziwe ukuthi kungani i-gloxinia ingaqhakazi futhi iguqule amabala amnyama lapha, futhi lapha sikhulume ngokuthi yiziphi izifo ezikumaqabunga e-gloxinia.

Noma kunjalo, iGloxinia isitshalo esihle kakhulu, kepha akulula ukusikhulisa. Lapho unakekela lesi sitshalo, udinga ukubheka izinto eziningi, futhi kudinga kakhulu ngezimo. Ngakho-ke, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, uma usanda kungena endleleni ye-florist, bese ukhohlwa nge-gloxinia bese ukhula i-violet.

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