I-Bordeaux beet ebomvu ebomvu futhi emnandi: izici nezithombe, ukulima, ama-nuances wokunakekelwa, ukuqoqwa nokugcinwa kwezitshalo

Ama-beet eBordeaux awuhlobo lwe-beet ejwayelekile. Ihlukaniswa ngombala ogqamile wesitshalo sezimpande, esihlala singashintshi ngisho noma sibhakwa kuhhavini nangesikhathi sokupheka.

I-athikili inikeza incazelo eningiliziwe yokuhlukahluka, isithombe sayo, isitshela ngezici ezihlukile, kufaka phakathi ubuhle nobubi, futhi ichaza nokuthi ungazikhulisa kanjani kahle izinyosi, ukuqoqa, ukugcina nokusebenzisa, futhi-ke, imininingwane inikezwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane nezifo, amathiphu wokuqedwa kwabo.

Isici nencazelo

IBordeaux iyinhlobonhlobo yenkantini. Ama-beet ayindilinga futhi acabalele kancane. Ububanzi bezimpande buyi-10-15 cm, kanti isisindo singu-350-500 g. Inyama iminyene futhi inamanzi amaningi, umbala wayo ubomvu ngokugqamile. Isikhumba siqinile futhi sine-matte. Amaqabunga anombala obomvana, kanti ama-petioles yi-burgundy. Imichilo ebomvu ebomvu isakazeke ebusweni bepuleti leqabunga. Ubude bamaqabunga bungamasentimitha angama-35-40. Kusuka ku-1 m2 ungavuna ama-4-8 kg wezinyosi.

IBordeaux ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yimbewu eyodwa, ngoba yisitshalo esisodwa kuphela esingakhula sisuka enzalweni eyodwa.

Isithombe

Okulandelayo isithombe sesitshalo:

Umlando wokuzala

Izinhlobonhlobo zakhiwa ngabalimi ngekhulu lama-20. Yazalelwa ukulinywa eningizimu yeRussia emaphakathi kanye namazwe aseYurophu.

Uyini umehluko kwezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo eziyimpande?

IBordeaux ivikelekile ezifweni (ngaphandle kwe-peronosporosis kanye ne-cercosporosis), izimfanelo eziphakeme zokuhweba nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu.

Izinzuzo nezinkinga zaleli tafula elihlukahlukene

Izimfanelo ezinhle zokuhlukahluka:

• ukuhluma kwembewu ephezulu;
• ikhwalithi enhle yokugcina;
• ukumelana nesomiso;
• ukuzivikela ezifweni zefungal;
• ukulondolozwa kokunambitheka nephunga ngesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi eside.

IBordeaux cishe ayinazithiyo ezithile, ngaphandle kokuthi izitshalo zesaba okusalungiswa nesimo sezulu esibandayo.

Isetshenziselwa ini futhi kuphi?

I-Bordeaux beet isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni ukulungiselela i-borscht, amasaladi kanye nejusi esanda kufinywa. Izinhlobonhlobo zisetshenziselwa umuthi ukwelapha:

• isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi;
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
• Izinkinga zamathumbu;
• izifo ze-vascular.

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokukhula

Ungathenga kuphi futhi malini?

Imbewu yeBordeaux ingathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile noma ezitolo eziku-inthanethi. Izindleko yilezi:

1. EMoscow - 3 g - 9 ruble, 1 kg - 880 ruble.
2. E-Saint Petersburg - 2 g - 7 ruble, 1 kg - 790 ruble.

Isikhathi sokugibela

Ungahlwanyela imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka:

1. Entwasahlobo... Isikhathi esifanelekile ngu-Ephreli, lapho umhlaba ufudumala kuze kufike ku- + 9 ... 10 degrees.
2. Ehlobo - ngoJuni.
3. Ekwindla - ngo-Okthoba-ekuqaleni kukaNovemba. Ukutshala okunjalo kudinga ukufakwa ngotshani kanye nezinaliti.

Ukukhetha indawo yokuhlwanyela

Isiza kufanele sikhanyiswe kahle futhi sifudunyezwe yimisebe yelanga. Okusalungiswa nokufiphiswa akuvunyelwe. Ukwenzeka kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kumele kujule. Okokuqala, udinga ukukhulisa isitshalo kungabi ngaphezu kwezinkathi ezine zilandelana.

Akufanele utshale iBordeaux ngemuva kwezinye izinhlobo zezinyosi kanye neklabishi, kanti ababandulelayo bangaba: utamatisi, ukhukhamba namazambane.

Kufanele ube yini umhlabathi?

Umhlabathi kufanele uvunde futhi uvuleke. I-asidi emnene noma engathathi hlangothi iyavunyelwa, ngaphandle kwalokho izithelo zizoba ncane futhi zibe nemicu.

Ukufika

Ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukuvundisa inhlabathi nge-mullein. Bese umba leyo ndawo ebhentshini lokwela. Izilinganiso ezidingekayo:

• ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu ehlumayo lingama-8-10 cm;
• phakathi kwemigqa - 25-30 cm.

Ithempelesha

IBordeaux iyi-hybrid emelana nesomiso. Amahlumela awo aqala ukubhoboka ezingeni lokushisa elingu- + 4 ... 5 degrees. Umhlabathi kufanele ufudunyezwe kuze kufike ku- + 12 ... 15 degrees. Izitshalo ezincane zingamelana namazinga okushisa okungenani ama-2 degrees.

Ukunisela

Lapho isimo sezulu sishisa entwasahlobo, ukuchelela kwenziwa nsuku zonke noma ngalo lonke olunye usuku. Ukomiswa kwenhlabathi akwamukelekile, ngaphandle kwalokho imbewu ehlumayo izofa. Moisten izilimo zabantu abadala kanye ngesonto. Sebenzisa amanzi ahleliwe.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Udinga ukwenza ukudla amahlandla ama-3 ngesizini ngayinye:

1. Esigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthuka, sebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen.
2. Lapho amaqabunga evala ndawonye, ​​kune-calcium nitrate ne-phosphorus. Fafaza kusayithi, bese ushumeka umlotha emhlabathini. 100 g wezinto zanele 1 m2.
3. Ngo-Agasti, thela isitshalo nge-infusion yomlotha (1 kg yomlotha namalitha ayi-10 wamanzi).

Ezinye izindlela zokunakekelwa kwemifino

Lapho amahlumela echanyuselwa, adinga ukuncishiswa. Futhi, ukugoqa kuyadingeka kuma-beet, anciphisa inani lokhula, kuvikela ekushiseni ngokweqile. Ngalezi zinhloso, ungasebenzisa:

• utshani;
• izimbabazane;
• hay;
• utshani;
• amahlamvu;
• amakhadibhodi;
• i-polyethylene.

Kuyadingeka ukukhulula njalo inhlabathi kanye nokhula. Kepha isivuno sezimpande asikho ngaphansi kwe-hilling.

Ukuvuna

Uma lezi kuyizifunda ezisenyakatho, khona-ke ukuhlanza kuyadingeka ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba. Eningizimu naphakathi nendawo, isivuno sivunwa ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, lapho izinga lokushisa emini lingadluli ama-5 degrees. Ama-beet avunwa kuphela lapho ilanga libalele.

Isitoreji sokuvuna

Izimpande eziqoqiwe kufanele zigcinwe emgumbini ongaphansi komhlaba lapho kushisa khona -1 ... + 2 degrees izinyanga ezingafika kwezinhlanu. Ukugcina, ungasebenzisa amabhokisi anesihlabathi esimanzi, obhasikidi. Ama-beet angaxubaniswa namazambane.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinhlobonhlobo zeBordeaux ziyamelana ne-phomosis, eyakheka ezitshalweni zezimpande ngesikhathi sokugcina ebusika. Kepha ukuvimbela, kubalulekile ukulawula i-asidi yenhlabathi, ngoba lesi sifo sisakazeka masinyane emhlabathini we-alkaline. Izimpande ezithintekile ziyasuswa endaweni yokugcina. Okunye ukuhluka kuyamangaza:

1. I-Cercosporosis... Lesi yisifo sefungal esithinta iziqongo zezitshalo. Amahlamvu ambozwe ngamabala we-necrotic anombala obomvu nonsundu. Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha lesi sifo, kepha ukuvimbela kuyadingeka ukubona ukujikeleza kwezitshalo nokufaka amagciwane enhlabathini.
2. I-Peroosporosis... Le fungus ivela emaqabungeni nakuma-peduncles, ngenxa yalokho iziqongo ziba mhlophe, kanye nemiphetho ye-curl plate plate. Ukuvimbela kufaka ukubulala amagciwane enhlabathini nokugcina ukuzungezisa kwezitshalo.

Ezinambuzaneni, isitshalo singatheleleka:

• weevil;
• ama-aphid amaqabunga nezimpande;
• ukundiza;
• amazenze;
• isihlangu sebhungane;
• odlayo ofile odlile.

Ukulwa nezinambuzane, udinga ukuphatha imbewu nge-Bordeaux liquid ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Ukuthintana nokubulala ama-insecticide (Aktara, Lufoks) kusetshenziselwa ukubulala izinambuzane.

Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene

Lapho isivuno sesivuniwe, zonke iziqongqo kufanele zisuswe. Lokhu kuzovimbela amagciwane nezinye izimuncagazi ukuthi zingene emhlabathini. Umhlabathi nawo uyambajwa, kufakwe i-mullein bese kuthi umhlabathi ubhekwe ukuthi uno-asidi yini.

Ukukhulisa izinhlobonhlobo zeBordeaux kulula, ngisho nangensimu yokulima engoqalayo. Imfihlo yesivuno sekhwalithi ephezulu nesiphezulu ukulungiswa okulungile kwenhlabathi, izinto zokutshala nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile.

Bukela ividiyo: Jelly candy with beet 비트정과 (Juni 2024).