Ungawatshala nini futhi kanjani ama-rhododendrons ekwindla?
AmaRhododendrons yizihlahla ezihlala ziluhlaza noma izihlahla ezincane. Lezi yizitshalo ezinhle ngokungavamile futhi zichichima kakhulu. Izinhlobo zasendle zisakazwa kusetshenziswa imbewu. Zivame ukuhlwanyelwa ngenkathi yasentwasahlobo, zixutshwe nesihlabathi.
Akulula ukutshala lezi zitshalo, ngoba azinazisekelo, ziyi-thermophilic futhi azibekezeleli amakhaza kahle. Kanjani ukutshalwa kwama-rhododendron ekwindla?
Izici zomjikelezo wempilo ka-azaleas ekwindla
Ekwindla, lesi sitshalo silungiselelwe ubusika (ukusika izihlahla nendawo yokuhlala). Ukuqhakaza nesimo se-rhododendron kwisizini ezayo kuncike kwikhwalithi yalezi zenzo. Kubalulekile ukuthi umgadi wensimu azi ama-nuances amancane kanye nemithetho yokulungiselela izimbali ze-hibernation ekwindla (ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokulungiselela i-rhododendron ekwindla ebusika kule ndaba).
Inkomba. Igama elithi "rhododendron" ngokwezwi nezwi elihunyushwe lisuselwa esiGrekini lisho ukuthi "isihlahla sama-rose" noma "isihlahla esinama-rose", kepha asihlangene ne-rose. Ukuxhumana kwabo kungobuhle bezimbali kuphela, izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.
Ekwindla, ukuthenwa kwezitshalo zezandla kwenziwa - enye yezinqubo eziphoqelekile futhi ezibaluleke kakhulu. Zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingapheli zivezwe kuso, i-rhododendron ayiyona into ehlukile.
Izinhlobo zokunciphisa okungenzeka:
- inhlanzeko;
- ukulwa nokuguga;
- okwakhayo.
Imininingwane engaphezulu yokuthi i-rhododendron isikiwe noma cha ebusika ingatholakala lapha.
Ekupheleni kwekwindla, lapho nje kufika isithwathwa sokuqala, izihlahla ze-rhododendron ziboshwa ngentambo futhi zimbozwe ngopulasitiki noma isikhwama. Udinga ukususa le ndlwana yesikhashana ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba iqhwa licibilikile.
Izinhlobo ezinqabayo zibekezelela ubusika kahle ezindaweni ezifudumele. Ungasinda emakhazeni aze afike kumadigri ayi-10 ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala Uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngezansi, kuzodingeka usebenzise i-burlap.
Izinhlobo ezihlala ziluhlaza zama-rhododendrons azibekezeleli amazinga okushisa aphansi. Izihlahla zidinga indawo yokukhosela eyengeziwe, ngoba zivame ukuphula amagatsha ngaphansi kwesisindo seqhwa noma imimoya enamandla. Kungcono ukwakha isakhiwo esincane sokuvikela ngenhla kwesihlahla ukuvikela isitshalo.
Ungatshala ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka futhi kulungile nini?
Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala ekwindla sivela ngoSepthemba kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba. Eqinisweni, inqubo ingenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sokuphumula, kepha kuphela ngenkathi yokukhula kwesitshalo.
Akuvunyelwe ukutshala ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nangamasonto ama-2 ngemuva kwaso. Ekwindla kubalulekile ukutshala amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kwamakhaza aqhubekayo - udinga ukunikeza isitshalo isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nezimo.
Iyiphi indlela ongakhetha ngayo ukutshala isitshalo?
Ukukhethwa kwendlela kuya ngezimpawu zohlobo olukhethiwe.
Encwadini. Ama-rhododendrons asendle asatshalaliswa ngemifino noma atholakala embewini. Izinhlobonhlobo ziyinzalo eyinkimbinkimbi okufanelwe kuphela izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo.
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuzalisa nokutshala:
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu, izithombo ezikhulayo nokuqhubeka nokukhula ezitsheni.
- Ukutshala ama-cuttings.
- Ukutshala ama-cuttings.
- Ukuhlukanisa isihlahla (esifanele izihlahla ezindala nezikhulayo).
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sendlela yokuhlanganisa ngokuxhunyelelwa
I-algorithm yezenzo ezethulwayo ilungele izinhlobo ezinqabayo. Ukuzala kwenzeka ngokusika.
Ukufakwa okudingekayo
Amabhokisi noma amabhokisi ayadingeka uma ufika. Uma kunesidingo sokusheshisa ukukhula, khona-ke ungatshala ukusika ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma kuma-hotbeds. Futhi zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, kepha ukuchelela njalo, ukulawula ukukhula nokuhambisana nezimo ezifanele kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukukwenza.
Indawo
AmaRhododendrons ayizitshalo ezihlekisayo. Akulungele ukutshala ezindaweni ezomile nezibandayo. Bathanda izindawo ezinomthunzi, ukuphola namanzi, kepha bangaqhakaza kalula ngokuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga njalo. Indawo ekahle yokutshala isendaweni esenyakatho, enomthunzi wesiza. Umhlabathi kufanele ukhululeke, ugcwaliswe ngama-humus.
Izitshalo zimila kahle eduze kwamachibi anomoya oswakeme. Uma kungekho manzi eduze, izihlahla zidinga ukufuthwa 1 ngesonto ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe omakhelwane abafanelekile besitshalo.
Gwema ukutshala izihlahla eduze kwezihlahla njenge:
- ULinden;
- i-chestnut;
- imephu.
Izinhlelo zezimpande zalezi zihlahla cishe zicishe zifane futhi zingathatha konke ukudla okunomsoco kulesi sitshalo esisha.
Qaphela! Inketho yendawo enhle kakhulu yi-apula, ipheya, izihlahla ze-coniferous.
Ukulungisa inhlabathi
Ukusika, sebenzisa izingxube ezikhethekile ezenziwe ngomhlabathi omuncu noma izingxube zomhlabathi ezizilungiselele. Inhlanganisela ye-peat, inhlabathi ye-coniferous nesihlabathi ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo kufanelekile esitshalweni.
Inqubo
Ama-Rhododendrons anesistimu yezimpande ezinemicu. Izimila zikubekezelela kalula ukutshala, kodwa zife lapho zigcwala amanzi. Uma utshala ama-cuttings, udinga ukwenza umgodi ongajulile ukuze ukhule ezingeni lomhlabathi, ungagcini ngemuva kokuncipha kwenhlabathi. Uma amanzi angaphansi kwamanzi aseduze nesiza (izinga lingaphansi kwe-1 m), kufanele kwenziwe amanzi amaningi emgodini wokufika.
Kungcono ukulungisa izithombo zokutshala engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaqabunga anqunywa kusuka kumahlumela kanye ne-axillary bud kanye nokhuni ngendlela yesihlangu esinemiphetho efanayo yobude obufushane. Ngezinhlobo ezinqabayo (azaleas), kungcono ukhethe ama-apical cuttings. Uma kunezimbali eziningi ehlathini, khona-ke zidinga ukusikwa ukuze wonke amandla esitshalo aqondiswe kuzimpande zokukhula, hhayi ezimbalini zaso.
Kusuka ekusikeni okusikiwe, kubalulekile ukususa amaqabunga aphansi, kushiye amaqabunga ambalwa aphezulu. Akudingekile ukunciphisa amaqabunga asele kuma-cuttings. Ukusika kwenziwa nge-engela yama-degree angama-45.
Kukhona nokwenziwa kabusha kokunqunywa:
- Ifakwe kwizikhuthazi zokukhula. Kuyadingeka ukwehlisa izigaba ezingezansi kusisombululo se-rooting cishe usuku.
- Iziqukathi zigcwele inhlabathi futhi zilinganiswe.
- Izisiki ezinamahlamvu ziyangena ezinyangeni ezinhlanu.
Ukunisela kokuqala
Isikhathi sokuqala sokunisela isitshalo ngemuva kokutshala siyadingeka izinsuku eziyi-3-5. Lapho kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhukhula izimpande, umswakama akufanele ume. Isikhathi esengeziwe sokunisela: kanye ngesonto.
Ukunakekelwa kwangaphandle
Okubalulekile! Izingxenye eziyinhloko zokunakekelwa okufanele ukuchelela njalo nokunembile, ukufafaza, ukufaka umquba, ukudala isimo sehlathi, ukuvimbela nokulwa nezifo nezinambuzane.
Okubalulekile ukuthi umlimi angakucabangela:
- Akuvunyelwe ukukhulula inhlabathi eduze kwesihlahla se-rhododendron. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpande zesitshalo zisondele ngokwanele ebusweni. Kungcono ukukhipha ukhula ngesandla ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi engadi.
- Ekwindla eyomile, imbali idinga ukuchelela okuningi (ngokwesilinganiso amalitha ayi-10 wamanzi). Ekwindla yemvula, ungakhohlwa ngokunisela.
- Udinga ukunisela izihlahla ngamanzi athambile (imvula noma ixazululwe). Imvamisa yokuchelela inganqunywa ngamaqabunga. Uma ziba buthuntu futhi ziqala ukulahlekelwa ukuqina, sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukuchelela. Inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe kumanzi ayi-30 cm ukujula.
- Musa ukukhukhula izimpande zama-rhododendrons ngamanzi. Lesi sitshalo sibucayi kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi ngokweqile ezimpandeni, ngakho-ke, zisabela ngendlela efanayo nesomiso (zibune).
- NgoNovemba, baqala ukumboza isihlahla ngasinye, babeka ungqimba lwe-peat eceleni kwaso.
Ubunzima nezinkinga
Ukomisa izinso nokukhula okumile yizinkinga ezivamile. Isimo singalungiswa ngokunisela nsuku zonke ngamanzi afudumele ngezikhuthazi zokukhula. Ukuba khona kotshani, utshani, utshani noma esinye isithombo semifino esizeni esasetshenziswa phambilini kungasithinta kabi isimo sehlathi. Futhi, lezi zinto zingaba umthombo wokutheleleka kwezinambuzane.
Uma ukufika kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwekwindla, inhlabathi ingachithelwa ngaphambili ngamanzi ashisayo - lokhu kuzobulala izimuncagazi ezingaba khona, izosiza ukujwayela isihlahla.
Abafuyi bakhiqize izinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobo zama-rhododendrons. Zihlala isikhathi eside, ziyaqhakaza zize zifike ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngonyaka. Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa imibhede yezimbali, emkhakheni wokuklama komhlaba. Isihlahla esiqhakazayo sijabulisa abanikazi futhi siletha injabulo yobuhle. Ukunakekelwa okufanele, ukulawula ngesikhathi esifanele izifo nezinambuzane kuyisiqinisekiso sempilo nobuhle be-shrub.