IKalvari: intaba ibukeka kanjani kwa-Israyeli, lapho uJesu abethelwa khona
IMount Calvary eJerusalema yisiza esingcwele samaKrestu, esisemaphethelweni edolobha lezinkolo ezintathu. Le ndawo ixhunyaniswe ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nokuvela kwenkolo eyinhloko yomhlaba, futhi kuze kube namuhla izinkulungwane zabantu zenza uhambo olungezansi nsuku zonke.
Ulwazi oluvamile
INtaba iGolgotha kwa-Israyeli, lapho, ngokusho kwenganekwane, uJesu Kristu abethelwa esiphambanweni, ithathwa njengenye yezindawo ezimbili ezingcwele zamaKristu (eyesibili yi-Holy Sepulcher). Ekuqaleni, kwakuyingxenye yeGareb Hill, kepha ngemuva kokubhujiswa kwayo ngamabomu kokwakhiwa kwesonto, intaba yaba yingxenye yethempeli elilodwa.
Ingamamitha ayi-11.45 ukuphakama namamitha ayi-5 ngaphezu kwephansi. Kutholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yezwe, eduze komngcele wakwa-Israyeli neJordani. IKalvari ebalazweni lezokuvakasha laseJerusalema lihlala endaweni ehloniphekile - ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3 zezihambi ziza lapha minyaka yonke, ezingamiswa yilanga elishisayo ngoJulayi nango-Agasti, noma ngolayini abakhulu.
Inkomba yomlando
Kuhunyushwe kusuka esiHeberu, igama elithi "Golgotha" lisho "indawo yokubulawa", lapho ezikhathini zasendulo kwakwenziwa ukubulawa kwabantu abaningi. Ngaphansi kwentaba kukhona umgodi lapho abantu abafa ngokufela ukholo baphonswa khona neziphambano ababebethelwe kuzo. Enye inguqulo yokuhunyushwa kwegama elithi "Golgotha -" ugebhezi lakwa-Israyeli. Ngempela, abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi intaba inale ndlela. Zombili izinguqulo zokuqala nezesibili zokuhumusha zibonisa ngokunembile okushiwo yile ndawo.
Abavubukuli bakwa-Israyeli, ababefunda le ntaba, bathola ukuthi emuva ngekhulu le-VIII BC. e. endaweni lapho iNtaba iGolgotha ikhona namhlanje, kwaphakama idwala likaGareb, lapho izinkwali zazisebenza khona. Ngekhulu lokuqala AD, indawo ezungeze intaba, etholakala, ngokuya ngamasiko angaleso sikhathi, ngaphandle kwezindonga zedolobha laseJerusalema, yayimbozwe inhlabathi futhi kwabekwa ingadi. Ukuvubukulwa kukhombisile futhi ukuthi lendawo kudala yaba yindawo yamathuna egcwele: izinsalela zabantu abaningi zitholakale lapha, kubandakanya ithuna likaJesu Kristu, elisentshonalanga nentaba.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-7, ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa kwesonto, iNtaba iKalvari eJerusalema lasendulo yafakwa esakhiweni sethempeli, futhi kwakhiwa ithempeli elincane kuso, elixhunyaniswe ne-Basilica of Martyrium. Ngekhulu le-11, iGolgotha yathola ukubukeka kwayo kwesimanje: ngenkathi kwakhiwa elinye isonto, elahlanganisa iSonto leSingcwele iSepulcher nentaba yaba yinkimbinkimbi eyodwa, iGaref Hill yacekelwa phansi.
Ngo-1009, umbusi ongumSulumane wedolobha, uCaliph al-Hakim, wayefuna ukubhidliza ithempeli. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuhamba kancane kukahulumeni, lokhu ngenhlanhla akwenzekanga.
Kukholakala ukuthi iSepulcher Engcwele yatholakala emuva ngo-325, lapho uMbusi uConstantine I eyala ukuba kudilizwe ithempeli lamaqaba kwakhiwe kabusha isonto elisha endaweni yalo. Ngaphandle kokuthi emakhulwini eminyaka adlule ithempeli lavuselelwa kaningi, futhi kusele ingxenyana encane nje yethempeli langaphambili, isithombe seNtaba iKalvari yanamuhla edolobheni elingcwele sisabatshazwa nanamuhla.
Ukumbiwa kabusha eJerusalema kwenziwa ngumphathi wamaNgisi kanye nomvubukuli uCharles Gordon ngo-1883. Ngekhulu le-19 leminyaka, intaba yayijwayele ukubizwa nge- “Garden Cemetery”. Ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa, okwenziwa ngo-1937, izindonga zamathempeli zazihlotshiswe ngemibala enemibala nezinye izinto zokuhlobisa. Amakhandlela abunjiwe nawo avele, anikelwa edolobheni ngabaphathi abadumile base-Italy beMedici.
Namuhla, kunqatshelwe ukwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko ekwakhiweni kwamasonto aseJerusalema ngaphandle kwemvume yomunye wabamele ukuvuma okuyisithupha, lapho ithempeli lihlukaniswe phakathi: i-Greek Orthodox, iRoma Katolika, i-Ethiopia, i-Armenia, iSyria neCoptic. Ngakho-ke, ukubukeka kwesakhiwo sethempeli kwa-Israyeli sekuguqukile emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka: ukwakhiwa kwamathempeli kwaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi kwaba yinkimbinkimbi, kepha izici ezihlukile azilahlekile.
IKhalvari yanamuhla
Namuhla iCalvary kwa-Israyeli ifakiwe esakhiweni sethempeli le-Holy Sepulcher. Izithombe zeGolgotha yesimanje edolobheni lezinkolo ezintathu iJerusalema ziyamangalisa: engxenyeni esempumalanga yentaba kukhona ithuna likaJesu Kristu negumbi lokungcwaba, futhi ngenhla kuneSonto Lovuko lweNkosi, elingafinyelelwa ngokukhuphuka izitebhisi ezingama-28.
INtaba iKalvari kwa-Israyeli ingahlukaniswa kabili. Elokuqala yi-Altar of the Cross, lapho uJesu Kristu aqeda khona uhambo lwakhe lwasemhlabeni. Phambilini bekukhona isiphambano, manje kukhona isihlalo sobukhosi esinokuvulwa, esingathintwa yibo bonke abakholwayo. Ingxenye yesibili yeKalvari, indawo lapho amasosha abethela khona uJesu esiphambanweni, ibizwa nge-Altar of the Nails. Futhi ingxenye yesithathu, i-Altar elisesiqongweni sentaba, yi "Stabat Mater". Lona, njenge-Altar of Nails, liyimpahla yeSonto LamaKatolika, kepha bobabili ama-Orthodox namaProthestani bangavakashela le ndawo. Ngokomlando, kwakukule ndawo lapho uMama kaNkulunkulu avele khona ngenkathi uJesu Kristu ebethelwa esiphambanweni. Namuhla le ndawo ithandwa kakhulu ngabahambi: kulethwa iminikelo nobucwebe obuhlukahlukene.
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Amathiphu awusizo
- Gqoka izicathulo ezintofontofo nezingubo ezilula. Ungakhohlwa ngekhodi yokugqoka: amantombazane adinga ukuthatha iduku ekhanda afake isiketi.
- Qiniseka ukuthi uphethe ibhodlela lamanzi.
- Khumbula ukuthi udinga ukuhamba ungafaki zicathulo ukhuphuka izitebhisi eziya e-Holy Sepulcher.
- Lungela ulayini omkhulu.
- Abapristi bavunyelwe ukuthatha izithombe zeNtaba iKalvari.
INtaba iKalvari eJerusalema (kwa-Israyeli) yindawo engcwele yamaKrestu, okumele wonke amakholwa ayivakashele okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe.
I-Calvary, iSonto le-Holy Sepulcher eJerusalema