"Inkanyezi kaKhisimusi" iyaphela: kuthiwani uma i-poinsettia igula futhi ichitha amaqabunga ngoDisemba?

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I-Poinsettia isitshalo esihle esihlala siluhlaza somndeni wakwa-Euphorbia. Abantu babiza le mbali ngokuthi "iKhisimusi Inkanyezi" noma "iNkanyezi yaseBetlehema" ngokuma okungajwayelekile kwama-bracts abomvu ngokugqamile.

Imbali ibizwa ngokuthi iyalahlwa, yize isitshalo esihlala siluhlaza futhi ingajabulisa abanikazi isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Isizathu silele izici zokukhula kwayo nobunzima bokushiya.

Kule ndatshana uzofunda ukuthi yiziphi izifo nezinambuzane ezingahlasela ubuhle, nokuthi kungani amahlamvu angaguquki abe bomvu awe.

Kungani amahlamvu angaguquki abomvu awe?

Imbali ilahla kancane uhlaza. Lesi sitshalo kungenzeka ukuthi simile noma sime okusalungiswa. Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngombuso owanele wokushisa, ukuqeda okusalungiswa.
Ama-Sheds ashiya ngokuphelele, kufanele ngenzeni? Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhula, imbali iyawachitha wonke amaqabunga. Isizathu siyimvelo - imbali iyophumula. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ulinde amaqabunga awe ngokuphelele bese usika iziqu ngesigamu, bese ufaka imbali endaweni emnyama, epholile (izinga lokushisa akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-10 ° C) izinyanga eziyi-1.5. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, ukuchelela okulingene kuyenziwa. Ehlobo, i-poinsettia izophinde ihlume amahlumela aluhlaza.
Kuthiwani uma liwa ngoDisemba? Kungabonakala sengathi uDisemba yisikhathi sokuqhakaza kwesitshalo futhi akunangqondo ngalesi sikhathi ukukhipha amaqabunga. Kepha kungahle kube nezizathu zalokhu:
1. amazinga okushisa egumbi eliphansi;
2. umoya owomile;
3. ukukhanya okuncane;
4. okusalungiswa;
5. ukungabi nokugqoka.
Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthola nokuqeda imbangela. Hlela kabusha imbali efasiteleni elikhanyayo, unikeze ukushisa okunethezeka kuka +17 noma +20 ° C, ungafaki okusalungiswa. Kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekuqhamukeni, umanyolo wezimbiwa onzima ufakwa emhlabathini kanye njalo emavikini amabili (okokugqoka izimbali oketshezi "Agricola" noma "Kemira"). Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, umanyolo we-potash usetshenziswa kanye ngenyanga.

Izifo zezimbali

Noma yisiphi isitshalo sidinga ukunakwa. Uma ukhohlwa ngembali efasiteleni, weqa ukuchelela, ungagcini umbuso wokushisa, ngolunye usuku, uvula amakhethini, ungabona isitshalo esinqunu, esomile.

Izofiphala ngemuva kokuthenga. I-Poinsettia ivame ukutholwa ebusika ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwayo, kanti ngoJanuwari-Februwari yisikhathi sokuqedwa kokuqhakaza kwezimbali nokuwa kwamaqabunga. Lapho ukhetha isilwane esiluhlaza okotshani, udinga ukuqondiswa yilo mthetho olandelayo: ungabheki ama-bracts, kodwa izimbali. Kufanele zibe efihlekile, zingagqokwa.
Lesi sitshalo siba mnyama. I-Poinsettia isitshalo esishisayo. Ukushisa okuphansi kuholela ekutshaleni amaqabunga aqandayo namnyama. Kuyadingeka ukugcina umbuso oshisayo.
Ukugqwala. Uma, lapho kuhlolisiswa i-poinsettia, amaqabunga atholakala nge-opal ephuzi, ukugqwala emaphethelweni, khona-ke isizathu siphezulu kakhulu izinga lokushisa lomoya nomswakama ophansi. Kubalulekile ukufafaza amaqabunga ngesikhathi esifanele, uma kunesidingo, ukuhlela kabusha isitshalo endaweni epholile, enethezekile.
Ukulahlekelwa ukuqina. Uma amaqabunga elahlekelwe ukuqina kwawo, i-turgor, yaqala ukubukeka ingenampilo, khona-ke isizathu silele ekuniseleni okungafanele: kukhona umswakama omningi kakhulu noma omncane kakhulu. Kulokhu, udinga ukulungisa inqubo yokunisela. I-Poinsettia ithanda inhlabathi enomswakama kodwa engeyona inhlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuqapha inhlabathi namanzi ngokushesha nje lapho inhlabathi isomile. Ungavumeli yomile.
Uma yonke into yomile futhi ifa, ungaqala kanjani kabusha? Izenzo ziyefana nokuthumela imbali ukuthi iphumule:
1. sika isitshalo ngesigamu (funda mayelana nokuthi kufanele usike nini i-poinsettia nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani kahle);
2. beka ibhodwe endaweni emnyama, epholile;
3. amanzi angadluli isikhathi esisodwa ngenyanga;
4. ithole ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3;
5. linda amahlumela amasha.
Lesi sitshalo simisiwe, ungasindisa kanjani? Kuvulwe iwindi nembali iqine, amaqabunga abe mnyama? Udinga uku:
1. usike amahlumela aqandisiwe;
2. beka endaweni efudumele;
3. phatha nge-zircon - tshala i-biostimulant.

Futhi, abanye abanikazi be-poinsettia bakhala ngokuthi ayiqhakazi. Sibhale lapha ngokuthi kumele senzeni uma inkinga enjalo ivela.

Izifo zefungal

Isikhunta esimpunga

Izimpawu zangaphandle zalesi sifo: isikhunta esimpunga kuma-inflorescence nakuma-bracts, ukushintsha kombala nokufa kweziqu ezinezifo kanye namahlumela amancane.

Imbangela: ukhunta iBotrytis cinerea ikhula ngenkuthalo ezimeni zomswakama ophezulu namakhaza.

Usizo: khetha ngokucophelela futhi ususe zonke izindawo zesitshalo ezithintekile ukubola. Ngemuva kwalokho, phatha imbali ngesisekelo.

Inkomba! I-Fundazol iyi-fungicide enesenzo nesistimu yokuxhumana. Njengomphumela wokucubungula, amakhowe ayayeka ukuzala, ahlukanise.

Ukubola kweRhizop

Izimpawu zangaphandle: izingxenye zasemoyeni zesitshalo zithinteka ukubola okumnyama mpunga. Kulokhu, izicubu ezibolayo zembali zidonswa "yiwebhu" ephaphathekile.

Imbangela: i-causative agent fungus Botrytis, njengazo zonke isikhunta, ikhula ngenkuthalo ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu.

Usizo: ezimpawu zokuqala zesifo, phatha ngeKuproksat noma iTopaz.

Inkomba. I-Cuproxate iyi-fungicide, isenzo sayo kungenxa yokungena kwe-ions zethusi esitokisini sama-pathogen, ukuxhumana nama-enzyme, ukuvimbela ukukhula, ukuphazamisa ukuphefumula kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamaprotheni. I-topaz iyi-fungicide, esebenzayo ngenxa yepenconazole: icindezela ukutheleleka ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwespore nokungena kwethubhu lokukhula kukhunta libe izicubu zamaqabunga.

Southern okulimaza sekwephuzile

Izimpawu zangaphandle: ukubuna kwamaqabunga, ukubola nokuthamba kwezimpande zezitshalo.

Imbangela: I-phytophthor mushroom ikhula ngokuqinile ezimweni zamanzi amile ebhodweni.

Usizo: Ukunikezela ngemisele enhle, elawula ukuchelela (okungajwayelekile kepha kuningi). Phatha imbali nge-Alett.

Inkomba! I-Allett iyi-fungicic ehlelekile enomphumela wokuvikela. Ivimbela futhi ivimbele ukuhluma kwezinhlamvu zefungal futhi ivimbele ukwanda kwesifo. Ivimbela ukungena kwegciwane esitshalweni.

Ukunqotshwa yisikhunta sohlobo lwePitium

Izimpawu zangaphandle: amabala amnyama acindezelekile avela esiqwini sembali, izimpande zibukeka zishwabene futhi zibolile, negobolondo elixobukayo.

Izimbangela: isikhunta sohlobo lwePythium, esikhula sibe ne-asidi enomhlabathi omanzi nophansi.

Usizo: yeka ukuchelela okwesikhashana, ukufakelwa emhlabathini owomile futhi ovulekile, fafaza i-poinsettia nge-fungid Ridomil.

Inkomba! I-Ridomil iyisikhunta sokuvikela nokwelashwa kwezitshalo. Isetshenziselwa ukulwa nobunzima sekwephuzile, i-alternaria nezinye izifo zesikhunta.

Ukubola okunsundu

Lesi sifo sijwayelekile ezitshalweni ezisencane.

Izimpawu zangaphandle: isisekelo sesiqu siba sincane, siba nsundu, ngenxa yalokho siphuka kalula futhi sife.

Imbangela: ukutheleleka kwefungal. Isikhunta sihlala entanyeni yezitshalo bese siyasithambisa. Ithuthuka ngenkuthalo ezimeni zomswakama ophezulu.

Usizo: cubungula iziqu ezansi neRovral.

Inkomba! I-Rovral iyisikhunta sokuxhumana esivikela izitshalo enkingeni yezifo. I-Rovral iyasebenza ngokulwa nezinhlobonhlobo zamagciwane.

Ukulimala kwesikhunta ezimpandeni

Izimpawu zangaphandle: izimpande ziba nsundu, zigcwale izimpande ezincane ezimhlophe. Amaqabunga amancane aphenduka, kuthi amadala abe nsundu emaphethelweni.

Imbangela: isifo sefungal. Ikhula ngenkuthalo ngokushoda kosawoti bamaminerali.

Usizo: bondla ngosawoti bamaminerali. Lungisa umbuso wokunisela - imvamisa, kancane kancane. Futha isitshalo nge-Previcur fungicide.

Inkomba! I-Previkur iyi-fungicic equkethe izinto ezimbili. Ingasetshenziselwa ukuchelela nokufutha. Isenzo siqondiswe kuzimbali ze-pathogenic.

Ukubuna kweFusarium

Izimpawu zangaphandle: Amahlumela esitshalo abe nsundu ngaphakathi, bese eba mnyama bese efa.

Imbangela: amakhowe ohlobo lweFusarium. Ingena esitshalweni ngokusebenzisa amanxeba noma izimbotshana zamaqabunga, kuthi ngokuphila kwayo, yakhe ama-mycotoxin amaningi, afaka ubuthi abhubhise izitshalo.

Usizo: khulula imbali kumahlumela athintekile, phatha nge-Baktofit.

Inkomba! I-Bactofit iyi-fungicide yemvelo, isenzo sayo esiqondiswe kuma-fungal and bacterial pathogens.

Izinambuzane

Ama-Nematode

Ukwenza kwesibungu kuhlose ukukhipha ijusi ezimbalini zasendlini. Bahlangana emakoloni emithanjeni naseziqu zamaqabunga, ngokukhipha okujiyile okufana nokotini.

Okufanele ngikwenze: hlanza isitshalo nge-swab efakwe emanzini anensipho, bese ufafaza ukumnika u-garlic noma i-tincture yekhemisi ye-calendula. Ezimweni ezinzima, kathathu ngekhefu lesonto, sebenzisa ama-insecticide i-Aktara, iFitoverm.

Inkomba! I-Aktara kanye ne-fitoverm yimithi yokubulala izinambuzane ehlelekile enesenzo sokuxhumana kwamathumbu. Iyasebenza ukulwa nama-nematode.

I-Aphid

Ama-aphid ahlala eziqwini ezibucayi kakhulu ze-poinsettia, ezilula kubo ukuthi zibhoboze futhi zithelele.

Usizo: geza imbali ngamanzi anensipho. Okulandelayo, uzodinga ukucubungula nge-anyanisi noma ukumnika ugwayi ngezikhathi zezinsuku ezi-5. Ikhemikhali leSpark lingasetshenziswa.

Inkomba! Inhlansi isibulala-zinambuzane sokuxhumana esisemathunjini esilwa nezinambuzane ezincelayo nezidlayo. Isithako esisebenzayo yi-avertin emulsion.

Izibungu zesicabucabu

I-spider mite yibhungane elincane elibomvu okunzima ukulibona ngamehlo, kepha amachashazi amancane aphuzi aseduze nezeluleko zamaqabunga akhombisa ubukhona balo. Ama-specks ayindawo lapho ukuncelwa khona isitshalo sesitshalo. Ngesitshalo, i-spider mite ayethusi kakhulu. Ukuncela yonke ijusi ye-poinsettia kuzodinga inani elikhulu lezibungu, okungenakwenzeka.

Imbangela: umswakama ophansi wasendlini.

Umthetho: phatha ubuso bamaqabunga ngensipho yokubulala izinambuzane.

I-Mealybug

I-mealybug yisinambuzane esincelayo. Umzimba upinki noma umhlophe ngemivimbo eguqukayo ngemuva. Ukubukeka nosayizi kukwenza ukwazi ukuyibona ngamehlo. Lesi sinambuzane sikhiqiza amafinyila amhlophe, anamathelayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, lesi sitshalo kubukeka sengathi sifafazwe ngofulawa noma sengathi kufakwe izigaxa zikakotini emahlumela. I-mealybug icashe ngaphansi kwala mabhola kakotini. Amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi lapho elinyazwe yizinambuzane.

Imbangela: ukuhlukunyezwa komanyolo we-nitrogen, ukushisa komoya okuphezulu.

Usizo: phatha ngesiponji esimanzi esifakwe kusisombululo segalikhi noma insipho yotshwala (chaza 1 tsp. yensipho yokuwasha egayiwe emanzini ashisayo, ulethe ivolumu ilitha elilodwa, engeza isipuni esingu-1. utshwala no-2 tbsp. l we-vodka. Phatha isitshalo njalo 4 izinsuku).

Ngo-Mashi 8, abaphathi bendawo baphoqa ama-tulips nama-hyacinths, futhi ngoKhisimusi bakhula i-poinsettia. Le mbali ibilokhu ingumhlobiso ogqamile futhi onemibala wezinsuku zikaKhisimusi.

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